tu

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See also: TU, ես, and Appendix:Variations of "tu"

Afar[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tú f 

  1. thing

Declension[edit]

Declension of tú
absolutive tú
predicative tú
subjective tú
genitive tú
Postpositioned forms
l-case túl
k-case túk
t-case tút
h-case túh

Synonyms[edit]

References[edit]

  • E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “tu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Ainu[edit]

Ainu cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : tu
    Ordinal : tu ikinne

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu (Kana spelling トゥ)

  1. two

Albanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unknown.

Noun[edit]

tu ?

  1. pant leg

Aromanian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Compare tru.

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. in
  2. into
Synonyms[edit]

Asturian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Atong (India)[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English two.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu (Bengali script তু)

  1. two

Synonyms[edit]

References[edit]

Bambara[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. forest; thicket

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to spit (out)

Batuley[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Indonesian tua.

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. old

References[edit]

Bislama[edit]

Bislama cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : tu

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too

Borôro[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to go

Breton[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu m

  1. side

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Occitan tu, from Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular); thou
  2. one (singular, impersonal)

Declension[edit]

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

See also[edit]

Chilcotin[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Eung-Do Cook (2013) A Tsilhqút'ín Grammar

Chipewyan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan [Term?]; cognate with Hän chuu, Ahtna tuu, Deg Xinag te, Navajo tó, Gwich'in chųų, etc.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Eung-Do Cook (2004) A grammar of Dëne Sųłiné (Chipewyan), page 350

Coatecas Altas Zapotec[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. one

References[edit]

Cornish[edit]

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. Hard mutation of du.
  2. Mixed mutation of du.

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. (informal or dialectal) here
    Synonyms: zde, tady

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. feminine accusative singular of ten

References[edit]

  • tu in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • tu in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Ewe[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu (plural tuwo)

  1. gun

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to build
  2. to close
  3. to crush
  4. to grind
  5. to meet
  6. to untie

Fanagalo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

Fijian[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. to stand
  2. to be (only in situations regarding posture or position)

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person informal singular, possessive determiner ton)

  1. you (singular); thou
Usage notes[edit]
  • When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun moi first, it must be the last one, and toi must be said after a third person:
    • Rose, toi et moi irons là-bas., “Rose, you and I will go there.”
  • Tu is used to address one person in an informal situation. Most adults would only use it with friends, family and children outside of a formal situation unless explicitly invited to, but younger people use this pronoun much more, using it together in any informal situation, even if they don't know each other and using vous in this context may be seen as strange or even cold.
  • Tu is not used in formal settings such as business meetings or in court, regardless of the relationship between the speaker and the listener.
  • Using vous when tu would be more appropriate may come across as rigid and bizarre, but using tu when vous would be more appropriate can be seen as very disrespectful and insulting. For this reason it's generally advised to use vous if in doubt, to make sure being on the safe side.
Inflection[edit]
  • Nominative: tu
  • Emphatic: toi
  • Oblique: te
  • t' (proclitic form, colloquial)
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
  • vous (plural form and polite singular form)
French personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Locative
(at) 		Genitive
(of) 		Disjunctive
(tonic)
Singular First — je, j’ me, m’ — — moi
Second — tu te, t’ — — toi
Third Masculine il le, l’ lui y en lui
Feminine elle la, l’ elle
Indeterminate on1 — — — — —
Reflexive — se, s’4 — — soi4
Plural First — nous nous — — nous
Second — vous2 vous2,3 — — vous2
Third Masculine ils3 les leur y en eux3
Feminine elles elles
1 Also used as the first person plural.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.

Etymology 2[edit]

Participle[edit]

tu (feminine singular tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)

  1. past participle of taire

Etymology 3[edit]

From t-il.

Particle[edit]

tu

  2. (Quebec, informal) question marker
    C'est-tu possible ? ― Is it possible?

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Friulian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you

See also[edit]

Friulian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person jo nô
2nd person familiar tu vô
polite lui, jê lôr
3rd person m lui, lôr
f jê lôr

Gaulish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tū

  1. you (singular); thou

Inflection[edit]

Number Singular Plural
Nominative tū suīs
Accusative te suīs
Genitive tou suesron
Dative toi umē
Ablative te ume
Instrumental toi ?
Locative toi umē

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. singular imperative of tun

Ido[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English thou, French tu, German du, Italian tu, Spanish tú, Russian ты (ty), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ with +‎ -u.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. (informal, familiar) you (singular), thou
    Synonym: (formal) vu

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

    Personal pronouns in Ido
Singular Plural
Nominative Possessive Nominative Possessive
Singular Plural Singular Plural
First person  me  mea  mei  ni  nia  nii
Second person Formal  vu  vua  vui  vi  via  vii
Familiar  tu  tua  tui
Third person Masculine  ilu, il  ilua  ilui  ili  ilia  ilii
Feminine  elu, el  elua  elui  eli  elia  elii
Neuter  olu, ol  olua  olui  oli  olia  olii
Common  lu  lua  lui  li  lia  lii
Reflexive  su  sua  sui  su  sua  sui
Indefinite  onu, on  onua  onui  onu, on  onua  onui
Notes
The possessive plurals are seldom used.
The shortened forms are preferred.
The pangendered forms are preferred to the gendered or neuter forms in most scenarios.

Interlingua[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin and common Romance tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Inflection[edit]

subject tu
object te
reflexive te
possessive tu, tue

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. (possessive) your

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/*
  • (most parts of Latium) IPA(key): /ˈtu/°
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Hyphenation: tù

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Usage notes[edit]

  • Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangi una mela, which is much more common than Tu mangi una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangi ; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Tu mangi una mela could be intepreted as You are eating an apple and I am not)..
  • The second-person pronoun in particular can sound confidential and, in some cases, even impolite.

See also[edit]

Italian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Reflexive Accusative Dative Conjunctive Disjunctive Locative Partitive
Singular first — io mi, m', -mi me me —
second — tu ti, t', -ti te te
third m lui si2, s', -si lo, l', -lo gli, -gli glie, se2 lui, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f lei, Lei1 la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 lei, Lei1, sé
Plural first — noi ci, c', -ci ce noi —
second — voi, Voi4 vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 ve voi, Voi4
third m loro, Loro1 si, s', -si li, Li1, -li, -Li1 gli, -gli, loro (formal),
Loro1 		glie, se loro, Loro1, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1 Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2 Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3 Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4 Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

tu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of とぅ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of トゥ

Kalasha[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (2nd-person personal pronoun)

See also[edit]

Kalasha personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person a / آ‎ ábi / آبی‎
2nd person tu / تُو‎ ábi / آبی‎
3rd person (near) ía / اِیا‎ émi / ایمی‎
3rd person (far) ása / آسا‎ éḷi / ایࣇی‎
3rd person (absent) se / سے‎ te / تے‎

Kalo Finnish Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Finnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Khumi Chin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Kuki-Chin [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu. Cognates include Burmese တူ (tu) and Chinese 錘 (chuí).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. hammer

References[edit]

  • K. E. Herr (2011) The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎[2], Payap University, page 48

Ladino[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. (informal) you (singular)

See also[edit]

Adjective[edit]

tu (Latin spelling)

  1. your

Latgalian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Latvian tu and Lithuanian tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtu/
  • Hyphenation: tu

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. thou, you (singular)

Declension[edit]

Declension of tu
singular plural
nominative tu jius
genitive teve, tevi juisu
dative tev jums
accusative tevi jius
locative tevī jiusūs

See also[edit]

Latgalian personal pronouns
first second third m third f
singular es tu jis jei
plural mes jius jī juos

References[edit]

  • A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008) Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 10
  • Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ or *tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tū (second person singular, possessive adjective tuus)

  1. you (singular); thou
    Mē tuī pudet.
    I am ashamed of you.

Usage notes[edit]

When used in the plural genitive, vestrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Vestrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of you).

Declension[edit]

1st and 2nd person personal pronouns declension together with the possessive and reflexive pronouns.
is, ea, id (“he, she, it”) is not included here.

Singular First-person Second-person Reflexive
nominative ego/egō tū —
genitive meī tuī suī
dative mihi/mihī, mī tibi sibi
accusative mē tē sē, sēsē
ablative mē tē sē, sēsē
vocative egō tū —
possessive meus tuus suus
Plural First-person Second-person Reflexive
nominative nōs vōs —
genitive nostrī, nostrum vestrī, vestrum suī
dative nōbīs vōbīs sibi
accusative nōs vōs sē, sēsē
ablative nōbīs vōbīs sē, sēsē
vocative nōs vōs —
possessive noster vester, voster suus
  • Plautus sometimes has sg. gen. tis.

Quotations[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

descendants
  • Aromanian: tu
  • Corsican: tù
  • Dalmatian: te
  • Friulian: tu
  • Istro-Romanian: tú
  • Italian: tu
  • Ladin: tu
  • Megleno-Romanian: tu
  • Mozarabic: ت‎ (tu)
  • Navarro-Aragonese: tu
    • Aragonese: tu
  • Neapolitan: tu
  • Old French: tu
    • Gallo: tu
    • Middle French:
      • French: tu
    • Norman: tu, tu (Guernésiais)
    • Picard: tu
    • Walloon: tu
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: tu
    • Leonese: tu
    • Mirandese: tu
  • Old Occitan: tu
    • Occitan: tu
    • Old Catalan: tu
      • Catalan: tu
  • Old Portuguese: tu
  • Old Spanish: tu
    • Extremaduran: tú
    • Ladino: tu
    • Spanish: tú
      • Chavacano: tu
  • Romanian: tu
  • Romansch: tu, tü
  • Shona: tue
  • Sicilian: tu
  • Venetian: ti

See also[edit]

Latin personal pronouns together with the possessive and reflexive pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative Possessive
Singular First — ego meī mihi mē meus, -a, -um
Second — tū tuī tibi tē tuus, -a, -um
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine is eius eī eum eō eius
Feminine ea eam eā
Neuter id id eō
Plural First — nōs nostrī, nostrum nōbīs nōs nōbīs noster, -tra,
-trum
Second — vōs vestrī, vestrum vōbīs vōs vōbīs vester, -tra,
-trum
Reflexive third — — suī sibi sē, sēsē suus, -a, -um
Third Masculine eī, iī eōrum eīs eōs eīs eōrum
Feminine eae eārum eās eārum
Neuter ea eōrum ea eōrum

References[edit]

Latvian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. The Latvian tevis comes from *tevens, with an -en-increased form showing an additional s by analogy with other genitive plurals. The dative form was originally closer to Old Prussian tebbei; the current form tev has a v due to influence from other declension forms, and the ending was reduced. The accusative tevi comes from *teven, with n by analogy to the accusative form of other words. The locative tevī was formed by analogy with i-stem nouns.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Headset icon.svg This entry needs audio files. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record some and upload them. (For audio required quickly, visit WT:APR.)

Pronoun[edit]

tu (personal, 2nd person singular)

  1. (informal in the singular) you; (dated) thou; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee
    vai tu nāksi man līdzi? ― are you coming with me?
    pieder tautai, tad tauta piederēs tev! ― belong to the people, and then the people will belong to you!
    būt uz tu ar kādu ― to be on intimate terms (lit. to be on thou) with someone
  2. (in the expression “ak tu...”) used to strengthen the meaning of a word or expression
    "ak tu to skaļo gaiļa rīkli!" māte priecājas ― "oh you loud rooster throat!" mother said happily
    ak tu mūžs! cūka izlauzusies no aizgalda! ― ah (you) life! the pig escaped from the pen!

Usage notes[edit]

The dative form tevim is used only optionally, with prepositions.

Declension[edit]

declension of tu
nominative (nominatīvs) tu
accusative (akuzatīvs) tevi
genitive (ģenitīvs) tevis
dative (datīvs) tev (tevim)
instrumental (instrumentālis) tevi
locative (lokatīvs) tevī

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]


References[edit]

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “tu”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Lithuanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuˀ (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *tuH. The oblique stem tav- has been generalized from the Proto-Indo-European genitive *téwe. For a discussion of the case endings, see àš (“I”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tù

  1. you (singular)

Declension[edit]

declension of tu
singular dual plural
nominative tù jùdu m, jùdvi f jū̃s
genitive tavę̃s jùdviejų jū́sų
dative táu jùdviem jùms
accusative tavè jùdu m, jùdvi f jùs
instrumental tavimì, tavim̃ jùdviem jumìs
locative tavyjè, tavỹ jùdviese jumysè

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Lithuanian personal pronouns
singular (vienaskaita) dual (dviskaita) plural (daugiskaita) reflexive
(sangrąžiniai)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo) 		2nd person
(antrasis asmuo) 		3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo) 		1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m f m f m f m f m f
nominative
(vardininkas) 		àš tù jìs,
jisaĩ 		jì,
jinaĩ 		mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu,
jiẽdu 		jiẽdvi mẽs jū̃s jiẽ jõs -
genitive
(kilmininkas) 		manę̃s tavę̃s jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ savę̃s
dative
(naudininkas) 		mán táu jám jái mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mùms jùms jíems jóms sáu
accusative
(galininkas) 		manè tavè jį̃ ją̃ mùdu mùdvi jùdu jùdvi juõdu jiẽdvi mùs jùs juõs jàs savè
instrumental
(įnagininkas) 		manimì, manim̃ tavimì, tavim̃ juõ jà mùdviem jùdviem jõdviem mumìs jumìs jaĩs jomìs savimì,
savim̃
locative
(vietininkas) 		manyjè, manỹ tavyjè, tavỹ jamè jojè mùdviese jùdviese jiẽdviese mumysè jumysè juosè josè savyjè,
savỹ
possessive
(savybiniai) 		màno tàvo jõ jõs mùdviejų jùdviejų jų̃dviejų mū́sų jū́sų jų̃ sàvo

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. accusative feminine singular of ten

Lower Tanana[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • James Kari (1991) Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises

Malay[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Shortened form of itu, from Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu

  1. that (what is being indicated)

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. that (that thing)

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

tu

  1. Nonstandard spelling of tū.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of tú.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of tǔ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of tù.

Usage notes[edit]

  • English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Mezquital Otomi[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Otomi *dų, from Proto-Otomian [Term?], from Proto-Oto-Pamean *tõ, from Proto-Oto-Manguean *ti(n).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu (intransitive)

  1. die

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. contain
  2. exist

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. owe

Middle English[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Alternative form of þou (“thou”)

Mirandese[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (the second-person singular pronoun)

Neapolitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you

Nigerian Pidgin[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too
  2. very

Etymology 2[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two

North Frisian[edit]

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. (Mooring) to
    • 1867, Kleine Mittheilungen. Zur Sammlung der Sagen, Märchen und Lieder, der Sitten und Gebräuche der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. Nachträge, herausgegeben von Dr. Handelmann in Jahrbücher für die Landeskunde der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg herausgegeben von der S. H. L. Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte. Band IX., p. 126 (Von der Insel Amrum. Mitgetheilt von Chr. Johansen)
      Gung am tu Sam
      Am an Tram;

Northern Kurdish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Iranian *tuHám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (singular); thou

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Occitan tu, from Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *twō, neuter of *twai.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tū

  1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweġen

Old Irish[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Alternative spelling of tú

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
tu thu tu
pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Portuguese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. thou, you (singular second person pronoun)

Descendants[edit]

  • Fala: tu
  • Galician: tu, ti
  • Portuguese: tu

Phalura[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit तुवम् (tuvam, “thou”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling توۡ)

  1. you (2sg nom subject or direct object)

References[edit]

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “tu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. here
    Synonym: tutaj

Further reading[edit]

  • tu in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tu in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular, masculine possessive adjective teu, feminine possessive adjective tua)

  1. (informal in Portugal, literary, archaic or regional in Brazil) you; thou (singular second person pronoun)
    Synonyms: (Brazil, formal) o senhor, (formal in Portugal, informal in Brazil) você, (formal, archaic) vossa mercê, (formal, archaic) vosmecê, (formal, obsolete) vossemecê
  2. (Brazil, colloquial, proscribed) second-person singular prepositional pronoun;
    Ela gosta de tu. ― She's into you.
Usage notes[edit]
  • Tu has fallen out of use in some regions of Brazil, including most of the Southeast and the Centre-West, where “você” has taken its place. It is still very commonly used in various regions of the country though, such as most of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, parts of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro city and most of the Northeast and North regions. It should be noted that, in Rio de Janeiro, the pronoun is frequently employed interchangeably with você. Despite the media's preference for "você", the usage of "tu" seems to have been gaining ground throughout the last few decades in Rio (see [4], a linguistic research on the topic in Portuguese), being most frequent among younger speakers.
  • According to grammars, tu should always take second person singular verbs, as is the case in Portugal and some parts of Brazil. However, in many Brazilian dialects which employ tu, it now takes third person singular verbs, like você.

See also[edit]

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Etymology 2[edit]

Interjection[edit]

tu

  1. (onomatopoeia) the sound produced by a telephone after one of the callers hangs up

Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Descendants[edit]

  • Kalo Finnish Romani: tu
  • Sinte Romani: tu
  • Welsh Romani: tu

See also[edit]

Romani personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Accusative Dative Locative Ablative Instrumental Possessive
Singular First — me man manqe manθe manθar mança miro, -i, -e
Second — tu tut tuqe tuθe tuθar tuça tiro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pes pesqe pesθe pesθar peça pesqero, -i, -e
Third Masculine ov les lesqe lesθe lesθar leça lesqero, -i, -e
Feminine oj la laqe laθe laθar laça laqero, -i, -e
Plural First — amen amenqe amenθe amenθar amença amaro, -i, -e
Second — tumen tumenqe tumenθe tumenθar tumença tumaro, -i, -e
Reflexive third — — pen penqe penθe penθar pença penqero, -i, -e
Third — on len lenqe lenθe lenθar lença lenqero, -i, -e

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular), thou
    Synonyms: (semi-polite form) dumneata, (polite form) dumneavoastră

Declension[edit]

Declension
Nominative
tu
Accusative
stressed (pe) unstressed
tine te
Genitive
Singular Plural
m & n f m f & n
tău ta tăi tale
Dative
stressed unstressed
ție îți
Reflexive
Accusative Dative
stressed unstressed stressed unstressed
tine te ție îți

See also[edit]

Romanian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person eu noi
2nd person plain tu voi
semi-polite dumneata dumneavoastră
polite dumneavoastră
3rd person
familiar 		m el ei
f ea ele
3rd person
polite 		m dumnealui dumnealor
f dumneaei

Sassarese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Savi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you; second-person singular and plural personal pronoun

References[edit]

  • Nina Knobloch (2020) A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎[5], Stockholm University

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. Form of of thu (“thou, you”) used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh.

See also[edit]

Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
First person mi sinn mise sinne
Second person thu, tu1) sibh thusa, tusa1) sibhse
Third person m e iad esan iadsan
Third person f i ise
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
**) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.
1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

Adverb[edit]

tȗ (Cyrillic spelling ту̑)

  1. here (in this place)
    Tu nikad nismo bili. ― We have never been here.
  2. (proximal) here, over here (in the indicated place nearby)
    Eno ih tu! ― Here they are!
  3. over here (to, towards this place)
    Dođi tu! ― Come over here!

Synonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Sicilian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tu (second person singular)

  1. you (informal); thou

Inflection[edit]

nominative tu
prepositional tia
object, reflexive ti

Sinte Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Sinte Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Slovene[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tȕ

  1. here, in this place

Synonyms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “tu”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

South Slavey[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • (Jean Marie River) ti

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognates include Navajo tó and Chipewyan tuu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /tʰù/
  • Hyphenation: tu

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

Declension[edit]

Possessive inflection of tu (alienable; stem: -tué)
singular plural
1st person setué naxetué
2nd person netué
3rd person1) metué gitué
3rd person2) gotué
4th person yetué
reflexive ɂedetué,
detué 		kedetué
reciprocal — ɂełetué
indefinite ɂetué
areal gotué
1) Used for a possessed object when the subject is third person human plural and object is singular.
2) Used when the previous condition doesn't apply.
Possessive inflection of tu (inalienable; stem: -tú)
singular plural
1st person setú naxetú
2nd person netú
3rd person1) metú gitú
3rd person2) gotú
4th person yetú
reflexive ɂedetú,
detú 		kedetú
reciprocal — ɂełetú
indefinite ɂetú
areal gotú
1) Used for a possessed object when the subject is third person human plural and object is singular.
2) Used when the previous condition doesn't apply.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 90

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Indo-European *towos.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

tu sg (second person singular possessive of singular, of plural tus)

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of tuyo, your
    Synonym: (parts of Central and South America) su

Usage notes[edit]

The forms tu and tus are only used before and within the noun phrase of the modified noun. In other positions, a form of tuyo is used instead:

Son tus libros. ― [They] are your books.
Son los libros tuyos. ― [They] are your books.
(“...the books of yours.”)

Besides being a pronoun, because tu occurs in a noun phrase and expresses reference, it also grammatically classifies as a determiner (specifically a possessive/genitive determiner).

Related terms[edit]

    Spanish possessive determiners
possessor preposed postposed or standalone
possessee possessee
singular plural singular plural
masculine feminine masculine feminine
First person: singular: mi mis mío mía míos mías
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) nuestro nuestra nuestros nuestras
Second person
(informal): 		singular: tu tus tuyo tuya tuyos tuyas
plural: (same as postposed/standalone) vuestro vuestra vuestros vuestras
Third person: su sus suyo suya suyos suyas

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Sranan Tongo[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Number[edit]

tu

  1. two

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too, also, as well
    Synonym: owktu

Sudovian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Compare Lithuanian tù, Latvian tu, Old Prussian tu, tou.[1][2]

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. (second-person singular) you, thou

References[edit]

  1. ^ Zigmas Zinkevičius (1985), “Lenkų-jotvingių žodynėlis? [A Polish-Yotvingian dictionary?]”, in Baltistica (in Lithuanian), volume 21, issue 1, page 80: “tu ‘tu, l. ty’ 2.”
  2. ^ “tù” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–): “nar. prn. tu du”.

Swahili[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. only

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse tvau, neuter nominative/accusative of tveir.

Pronunciation[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. (archaic, in the neuter) two
    Synonym: två

Usage notes[edit]

  • tu was the old neuter of två. Thus, one would say "ett hus" (one house), "tu hus" (two houses). The equivalent for the number three was try or tri, which is likewise archaic.

Related terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Tanacross[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Jeff Leer, Proto-Athabaskan verb stem variation (1979), page 83

Tausug[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu.

Adjective[edit]

tu

  1. right (not left)

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. right hand

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təlu.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. three

Etymology 3[edit]

From Proto-Austronesian *tuduq.

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. a drop

Verb[edit]

tu (used in the form magtu)

  1. to drip

Tày[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Tai *tuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ, Lao ຕູ (tū), Lü ᦎᦴ (ṫuu), Tai Dam ꪔꪴ, Shan တူ (tǔu), Tai Nüa ᥖᥧ (tu), Ahom 𑜄𑜥 (tū), Zhuang dou.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu (須)

  1. door

References[edit]

  • Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội


Tejalapan Zapotec[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. one

References[edit]

Timbe[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

Tocharian A[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Tocharian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognate with Tocharian B tuwe.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you

Tok Pisin[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English two.

Numeral[edit]

tu

  1. two
Usage notes[edit]

Used when counting; see also tupela.

Etymology 2[edit]

From English too.

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. too; also; as well
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:
      God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.
      →New International Version translation
    • 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎[6], →ISBN, page 433:
      Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Upper Kuskokwim[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Raymond L. Collins, Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (1979)

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Headset icon.svg This entry needs audio files. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record some and upload them. (For audio required quickly, visit WT:APR.)

Etymology 1[edit]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 修.

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. (intransitive) to isolate oneself from other people to follow rules in a philosophy or religion
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

tu

  1. (transitive) to drink directly from a bottle by holding bottle mouth in one's mouth

Volapük[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English too.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

tu

  1. (degree) too, excessively.

Derived terms[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish táeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Breton tu, Cornish tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu m (uncountable)

  1. side

Derived terms[edit]

Preposition[edit]

tu

  1. beside, next to

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
tu du nhu thu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Welsh Romani[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Romani tu, from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tu

  1. you (singular)

References[edit]

  • “tu” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Yale[edit]

Noun[edit]

tu

  1. water

References[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=tu&oldid=67112933"