Chapter 11 Data Types

Table of Contents

11.1 Numeric Data Types

11.1.1 Numeric Data Type Syntax
11.1.2 Integer Types (Exact Value) - INTEGER, INT, SMALLINT, TINYINT, MEDIUMINT, BIGINT
11.1.3 Fixed-Point Types (Exact Value) - DECIMAL, NUMERIC
11.1.4 Floating-Point Types (Approximate Value) - FLOAT, DOUBLE
11.1.5 Bit-Value Type - BIT
11.1.6 Numeric Type Attributes
11.1.7 Out-of-Range and Overflow Handling

11.2 Date and Time Data Types

11.2.1 Date and Time Data Type Syntax
11.2.2 The DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP Types
11.2.3 The TIME Type
11.2.4 The YEAR Type
11.2.5 Automatic Initialization and Updating for TIMESTAMP and DATETIME
11.2.6 Fractional Seconds in Time Values
11.2.7 Conversion Between Date and Time Types
11.2.8 2-Digit Years in Dates

11.3 String Data Types

11.3.1 String Data Type Syntax
11.3.2 The CHAR and VARCHAR Types
11.3.3 The BINARY and VARBINARY Types
11.3.4 The BLOB and TEXT Types
11.3.5 The ENUM Type
11.3.6 The SET Type

11.4 Spatial Data Types

11.4.1 Spatial Data Types
11.4.2 The OpenGIS Geometry Model
11.4.3 Supported Spatial Data Formats
11.4.4 Geometry Well-Formedness and Validity
11.4.5 Spatial Reference System Support
11.4.6 Creating Spatial Columns
11.4.7 Populating Spatial Columns
11.4.8 Fetching Spatial Data
11.4.9 Optimizing Spatial Analysis
11.4.10 Creating Spatial Indexes
11.4.11 Using Spatial Indexes

11.5 The JSON Data Type

11.6 Data Type Default Values

11.7 Data Type Storage Requirements

11.8 Choosing the Right Type for a Column

11.9 Using Data Types from Other Database Engines

MySQL supports SQL data types in several categories: numeric types, date and time types, string (character and byte) types, spatial types, and the JSON data type. This chapter provides an overview and more detailed description of the properties of the types in each category, and a summary of the data type storage requirements. The initial overviews are intentionally brief. Consult the more detailed descriptions for additional information about particular data types, such as the permissible formats in which you can specify values.

Data type descriptions use these conventions:

For integer types, M indicates the maximum display width. For floating-point and fixed-point types, M is the total number of digits that can be stored (the precision). For string types, M is the maximum length. The maximum permissible value of M depends on the data type.
D applies to floating-point and fixed-point types and indicates the number of digits following the decimal point (the scale). The maximum possible value is 30, but should be no greater than M−2.
fsp applies to the TIME, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types and represents fractional seconds precision; that is, the number of digits following the decimal point for fractional parts of seconds. The fsp value, if given, must be in the range 0 to 6. A value of 0 signifies that there is no fractional part. If omitted, the default precision is 0. (This differs from the standard SQL default of 6, for compatibility with previous MySQL versions.)
Square brackets ([ and ]) indicate optional parts of type definitions.

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