To download an archive of your repository, you can use the API for user or organization migrations. For more information, see "Migrations."
Once you have downloaded your archive, you can copy it to an external hard drive and/or upload it to a cloud-based backup service such as Google Drive or Dropbox.
Third-party backup tools
A number of self-service tools exist that automate backups of repositories. Unlike archival projects, which archive all public repositories on GitHub that have not opted out and make the data accessible to anyone, backup tools will download data from specific repositories and organize it within a new branch or directory. For more information about archival projects, see "About archiving content and data on GitHub." For more information about self-service backup tools, see the Backup Utilities category on GitHub Marketplace.