Jump to content

James Daly (mutineer): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Removed redundant categories
 
(32 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}

{{Linkrot|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
|name = James Daly
|name = James Daly
|image = James_Daly.jpg
|image = James_Daly.jpg
|caption = Private James Daly
|caption = Private James Daly
|birth_date = circa. 1899
|birth_date = {{birth date|1899|12|24|df=y}}
|birth_place =
|birth_place = [[Ballymoe]], [[County Galway]], [[Ireland]]
|death_date = 2 November 1920
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1920|11|2|1899|12|24|df=y}}
|death_place =
|death_place = [[Dagshai]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[India]]
|branch = [[British Army]]
|branch = [[British Army]]
|serviceyears =
|serviceyears =
Line 16: Line 15:
}}
}}


Private '''James Joseph Daly''' (executed 2 November 1920, aged 21) <ref>https://www.historyireland.com/volume-23/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/</ref> was a member of a mutiny of the [[Connaught Rangers]] in India in 1920 in protest of the activities of the [[Black and Tans]]. He was executed in the aftermath of the mutiny.
Private '''James Joseph Daly''' (24 December 1899 – 2 November 1920) <ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/|title=The incredible life of William Coman|date=April 27, 2015}}</ref> was a member of a [[mutiny]] of the [[Connaught Rangers]] in India in 1920 in protest of the activities of the [[Royal Irish Constabulary]] and the [[Black and Tans]] in Ireland. He was executed in the aftermath of the mutiny by Crown forces.


==Career==
==Career==
The son of James Daly, a baker, and Kate Creane, Daly was born on 24 December 1899 in [[Ballymoe]], [[County Galway]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://civilrecords.irishgenealogy.ie/churchrecords/images/birth_returns/births_1900/02003/1770190.pdf|title=General Registrar's Office|last=|first=|date=|website=IrishGenealogy.ie|publisher=|access-date=30 June 2020}}</ref> The family later lived in [[Tyrrellspass|Tyrrellspass, County Westmeath]].
⚫
Private Daly, a native of [[Tyrrellspass|Tyrrellspass, County Westmeath]], joined the Connaught Rangers in April 1919 and was posted to India.

<ref>https://www.historyireland.com/volume-23/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/</ref>
⚫
Daly joined the Connaught Rangers in April 1919 and was posted to India.<ref name="auto"/>

⚫
The revolt originated on 27–28 June 1920 at Wellington Barracks, [[Jullundur]] (now [[Jalandhar]]), [[Punjab]] near the border with modern-day [[Pakistan]], where Daly's brother, William Daly, was involved. It was then spread 200 miles away to other Connaught Rangers companies, at [[Jutogh]] (where it failed) and at [[Solan]], where, led by a World War I veteran, Joseph Hawes from [[Kilrush]], [[County Clare]], James Daly and roughly 150 others "ground arms" and refused to return to duty in protest of the activities of the [[Royal Irish Constabulary]] and the [[Black and Tans]] in Ireland.<ref name="auto"/><ref name=ind/><ref name="irishtimes1">{{cite web|author=Ronan McGreevy |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/connaught-rangers-mutiny-a-far-away-conflict-brought-home-in-new-archive-1.1657841 |title=Connaught Rangers mutiny: a far-away conflict brought home in new archive |publisher=Irishtimes.com |date=2014-01-17 |access-date=2018-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.historyireland.com/volume-23/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/ |title=History Ireland |publisher=History Ireland |access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref>


They proclaimed their hut "Liberty Hall", raised the Irish tricolour above the hut and then attacked the armory, but were captured. The mutiny ended and prisoners taken to [[Lucknow]] Prison, then returned to their native country. Nineteen mutineers were sentenced to death, 59 were sentenced to life imprisonment and 10 were acquitted. All these sentences were commuted (except for Daly's), but those convicted were stripped of their pensions and remained in military prison until they were released in 1923. Some were in desperate financial straits until the passage by the Irish government of the Connaught Rangers (Pensions) B-5086 Act of 1936.<ref name="irishtimes1"/><ref name=ind/>
⚫
The revolt originated on 27-28 June 1920 at Wellington Barracks, [[Jullundur]] (now [[Jalandhar]]), [[Punjab]] near the border with modern-day [[Pakistan]], where Daly's brother, William Daly, was involved. It was then spread 200 miles away to other Connaught Rangers companies, at Jutogh (where it failed) and at Solon, where, led by a WWI veteran, Joseph Hawes from [[Kilrush]], [[County Clare]], James Daly and roughly 150 others "ground arms" and refused to return to duty in protest of the activities of the British military in Ireland.<ref>https://www.historyireland.com/volume-23/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/</ref><ref name=ind/><ref name="irishtimes1">{{cite web|author=Ronan McGreevy |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/heritage/connaught-rangers-mutiny-a-far-away-conflict-brought-home-in-new-archive-1.1657841 |title=Connaught Rangers mutiny: a far-away conflict brought home in new archive |publisher=Irishtimes.com |date=2014-01-17 |accessdate=2018-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.historyireland.com/volume-23/the-incredible-life-of-william-coman/ |title=History Ireland |publisher=History Ireland |accessdate=2019-02-08}}</ref>


⚫
Two Irish mutineers, privates Patrick Smyth (or Smythe) and Peter Sears, were killed during the mutiny. Private John Miranda, an English mutineer and native of [[Liverpool]], died later of enteric fever at Dagshai military prison.
They proclaimed their hut "Liberty Hall", raised the Irish tricolour above the hut and then attacked the armory but were captured. The mutiny ended and prisoners taken to [[Lucknow]] Prison, where most would remain until early 1923, when they returned to their native country amidst the [[Irish Civil War]].<ref name="irishtimes1"/><ref name=ind/>


Unlike other leading mutineers such as Hawes and William Coman – who played as large or even larger a role than Daly, at least at the outset, but whose sentences were commuted – James Daly was executed by firing squad for his leading role in the incident following a court-martial on 2 November 1920. He was the last member of the [[British Armed Forces]] to be executed for [[mutiny]].<ref name=ind>{{cite web|author=Fergal Keane |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/we-must-pardon-private-daly-the-last-man-shot-for-mutiny-1045778.html |title=We must pardon Private Daly, the last man shot for mutiny |work=The Independent |date=1999-01-09 |access-date=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name=nam>{{cite web|url=http://www.nam.ac.uk/research/famous-units/connaught-rangers|title=Connaught Rangers|publisher=National Army Museum|access-date=16 July 2016}}</ref>
⚫
Two Irish mutineers, privates Patrick Smyth (or Smythe) and Peter Sears, were killed during the mutiny. Private John Miranda, an English mutineer and native of [[Liverpool]], died later of enteric fever at Dagshai military prison.


Daly was executed by firing squad for his leading role in the incident following a court martial on 2 November 1920. He was the last member of the [[British armed forces]] to be shot for [[mutiny]].<ref name=ind>{{cite web|author=Fergal Keane |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/we-must-pardon-private-daly-the-last-man-shot-for-mutiny-1045778.html |title=We must pardon Private Daly, the last man shot for mutiny |publisher=The Independent |date=1999-01-09 |accessdate=2019-02-08}}</ref><ref name=nam>{{cite web|url=http://www.nam.ac.uk/research/famous-units/connaught-rangers|title=Connaught Rangers|publisher=National Army Museum|accessdate=16 July 2016}}</ref> In 1970, on the 50th anniversary of the mutiny his body was sent back to Ireland. Joseph Hawes was present at Daly's commemoration.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bartlett |first1=Thomas |title=The Connaught Rangers Mutiny India, July 1920 |journal=History Ireland |date=Spring 1998 |volume=6 |issue=1 |url=https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-connaught-rangers-mutiny-india-july-1920/ |accessdate=9 August 2018}}</ref>
In 1970, on the 50th anniversary of the mutiny his body was sent back to Ireland. Joseph Hawes was present at Daly's commemoration.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bartlett |first1=Thomas |title=The Connaught Rangers Mutiny India, July 1920 |journal=History Ireland |date=Spring 1998 |volume=6 |issue=1 |url=https://www.historyireland.com/20th-century-contemporary-history/the-connaught-rangers-mutiny-india-july-1920/ |access-date=9 August 2018}}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
Daly is remembered in a traditional Irish song known as ''Lay Him Away on the Hillside'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musixmatch.com/lyrics/Declan-Hunt/Lay-Him-Away-on-the-Hillside|title=Lay Him Away on the Hillside | publisher=Musixmatch |accessdate=10 August 2018}}</ref> the chorus of which includes the lines:
Daly is remembered in a traditional Irish song known as ''Lay Him Away on the Hillside'',<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.musixmatch.com/lyrics/Declan-Hunt/Lay-Him-Away-on-the-Hillside|title=Lay Him Away on the Hillside | publisher=Musixmatch |access-date=10 August 2018}}</ref> the chorus of which includes the lines:


:''Lay him away on the hillside,''
:''Lay him away on the hillside,''
Line 39: Line 41:
: ''"My conscience shall never convict me"''
: ''"My conscience shall never convict me"''
:''He said with his last dying breath''
:''He said with his last dying breath''
:''"May God speed the causes of freedom"''
:''"May God speed the causes of freedom ... For which I am sentenced to death."''
:''"For which I am sentenced to death."''


==References==
==References==
Line 46: Line 47:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*{{cite book|last=Behan|first=Brendan|authorlink=Brendan Behan|title=Confessions of an Irish Rebel|publisher=Arrow|isbn= 978-0099365006}}
*{{cite book|last=Behan|first=Brendan|authorlink=Brendan Behan|title=Confessions of an Irish Rebel|year=1991|publisher=Arrow|isbn= 978-0099365006}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 52: Line 53:


{{DEFAULTSORT:Daly, James}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daly, James}}
[[Category:1890s births]]
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1920 deaths]]
[[Category:1920 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in India]]
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in India]]
Line 58: Line 59:
[[Category:People executed by the British military by firing squad]]
[[Category:People executed by the British military by firing squad]]
[[Category:People of the Irish War of Independence]]
[[Category:People of the Irish War of Independence]]
[[Category:Executed Irish people]]
[[Category:Executed people from County Galway]]
[[Category:20th-century executions by the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:20th-century executions by the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:People executed for mutiny]]
[[Category:People executed for mutiny]]
[[Category:Mutineers]]
[[Category:Date of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Irish people executed abroad]]
[[Category:Irish people executed abroad]]
[[Category:People from County Westmeath]]
[[Category:Military personnel from County Galway]]
[[Category:Irish expatriates in British India]]
[[Category:20th-century British Army personnel]]
[[Category:People from Tyrrellspass]]

Latest revision as of 22:33, 28 February 2024

James Daly
Private James Daly
Born(1899-12-24)24 December 1899
Ballymoe, County Galway, Ireland
Died2 November 1920(1920-11-02) (aged 20)
Dagshai, Himachal Pradesh, India
Service/branchBritish Army
RankPrivate
UnitConnaught Rangers

Private James Joseph Daly (24 December 1899 – 2 November 1920) [1] was a member of a mutiny of the Connaught Rangers in India in 1920 in protest of the activities of the Royal Irish Constabulary and the Black and Tans in Ireland. He was executed in the aftermath of the mutiny by Crown forces.

Career

[edit]

The son of James Daly, a baker, and Kate Creane, Daly was born on 24 December 1899 in Ballymoe, County Galway.[2] The family later lived in Tyrrellspass, County Westmeath.

Daly joined the Connaught Rangers in April 1919 and was posted to India.[1]

The revolt originated on 27–28 June 1920 at Wellington Barracks, Jullundur (now Jalandhar), Punjab near the border with modern-day Pakistan, where Daly's brother, William Daly, was involved. It was then spread 200 miles away to other Connaught Rangers companies, at Jutogh (where it failed) and at Solan, where, led by a World War I veteran, Joseph Hawes from Kilrush, County Clare, James Daly and roughly 150 others "ground arms" and refused to return to duty in protest of the activities of the Royal Irish Constabulary and the Black and Tans in Ireland.[1][3][4][5]

They proclaimed their hut "Liberty Hall", raised the Irish tricolour above the hut and then attacked the armory, but were captured. The mutiny ended and prisoners taken to Lucknow Prison, then returned to their native country. Nineteen mutineers were sentenced to death, 59 were sentenced to life imprisonment and 10 were acquitted. All these sentences were commuted (except for Daly's), but those convicted were stripped of their pensions and remained in military prison until they were released in 1923. Some were in desperate financial straits until the passage by the Irish government of the Connaught Rangers (Pensions) B-5086 Act of 1936.[4][3]

Two Irish mutineers, privates Patrick Smyth (or Smythe) and Peter Sears, were killed during the mutiny. Private John Miranda, an English mutineer and native of Liverpool, died later of enteric fever at Dagshai military prison.

Unlike other leading mutineers such as Hawes and William Coman – who played as large or even larger a role than Daly, at least at the outset, but whose sentences were commuted – James Daly was executed by firing squad for his leading role in the incident following a court-martial on 2 November 1920. He was the last member of the British Armed Forces to be executed for mutiny.[3][6]

In 1970, on the 50th anniversary of the mutiny his body was sent back to Ireland. Joseph Hawes was present at Daly's commemoration.[7]

Legacy

[edit]

Daly is remembered in a traditional Irish song known as Lay Him Away on the Hillside,[8] the chorus of which includes the lines:

Lay him away on the hillside,
Along with the brave and the bold
Inscribe his name on the scroll of fame
In letters of purest gold
"My conscience shall never convict me"
He said with his last dying breath
"May God speed the causes of freedom ... For which I am sentenced to death."

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "The incredible life of William Coman". 27 April 2015.
  2. ^ "General Registrar's Office" (PDF). IrishGenealogy.ie. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  3. ^ a b c Fergal Keane (9 January 1999). "We must pardon Private Daly, the last man shot for mutiny". The Independent. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  4. ^ a b Ronan McGreevy (17 January 2014). "Connaught Rangers mutiny: a far-away conflict brought home in new archive". Irishtimes.com. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  5. ^ "History Ireland". History Ireland. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  6. ^ "Connaught Rangers". National Army Museum. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
  7. ^ Bartlett, Thomas (Spring 1998). "The Connaught Rangers Mutiny India, July 1920". History Ireland. 6 (1). Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  8. ^ "Lay Him Away on the Hillside". Musixmatch. Retrieved 10 August 2018.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Daly_(mutineer)&oldid=1210905838"