der
English[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Imitative.
Pronunciation[edit]
Interjection[edit]
der
- (Australia) Disdainful indication that something is obvious.
- (Australia) Indication of stupidity.
- 1979, Gabrielle Carey and Kathy Lette, Puberty Blues, page 46:
- `Sprung!' cried Jeff Basin, the local dubbo. 'Oh, der,' moaned Boardie sarcastically.
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der (not comparable)
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Interjection[edit]
der
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Noun[edit]
der (uncountable)
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Pronoun[edit]
der
- Nonstandard spelling of there.
Derived terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Alemannic German[edit]
Article[edit]
der
- (definite) the
- 1856, Jacob Maehly, Rhigmurmel. Gedichte in Basler Mundart, page 187f:
- 'S Emilie werd im elterlige Roth
Sich widersetze, wenn [...] - In 's Emilies Stammbuech [...]
- 'S Emilie werd im elterlige Roth
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 67:
- Am Tag der Rast, am Tag der Rueh',
Schout gern dem Kinderg'wimmel,
De frohe Kinderspiele zue
's Allvatterherz vum Himmel!- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 98:
- Was host denn 's Teufels?
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 121:
- Ho 's Johrs vum Kind nü Batze g'hett,
Und lützel Garba g'schnitte.- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 140:
- Der Ehstand ist [...]
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1872, Caspar Hagen, Dichtungen in alemannischer Mundart aus Vorarlberg, page 160:
- Sie nimmt vum Bett de-n-arme Wurm
Und [...]- (please add an English translation of this quote)
Declension[edit]
Vorarlberg:
Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
Nominative | der | d' | des, 's | d' |
Genitive | 's | der | 's | |
Dative | dem | der | dem | de |
Accusative | de de-n- (before a vowel) |
d' | des, 's | d' |
Basel:
Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | ||
Nominative | der | die, d' | 's | die, d' |
Genitive | 's | |||
Dative | dem | der, de | dem | de |
Accusative | de | die, d' | 's | d' |
Chinese[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of der – see 的. (This character, der, is an Internet slang variant form of 的.) |
Czech[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
der
Danish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse þar, from Proto-Germanic *þar (“there”), cognate with English there, German da.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
- there (in or at that place)
References[edit]
- “der,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Pronoun[edit]
der
- (dummy pronoun) there (expletive word put in the subject field when the subject is postponed to the predicate field, typically with indefinite subjects or subjectless passive verbs)
- der sad to katte på et bord
- two cats were sitting on a table
- der blev diskuteret vildt
- people were debating vehemently
- (relative) who, which, that (introduces relative clauses, only when the pronoun is the subject of the sentence)
- added to interrogative pronouns functioning as the subject of interrogative dependent clauses or exclamative independent clauses
- jeg ved godt, hvem der vinder den flaske
- I know who is going to win that bottle
- hvem der bare havde en hund!
- if only I had a dog
References[edit]
- “der,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “der,3” in Den Danske Ordbog
Particle[edit]
der
- (deictic particle) that (put after a definite noun phrase)
- hun købte bordet der for ingen penge
- she bought that table for no money
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Unstressed form of daar (“there”).
Adverb[edit]
der
Synonyms[edit]
Antonyms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Article[edit]
der
- (dated) genitive singular feminine of de; of the.
- geschiedenis der Nederlandsche taal ― history of the Dutch language
- (dated) genitive plural of de; of the.
- het koninkrijk der Nederlanden ― the kingdom of the Netherlands
- (dated) dative singular feminine of de.
Usage notes[edit]
- The distinction of the dative case, which had long been frail and without any basis in actual speech, widely fell out of use over the course of the 19th century. The genitive case, chiefly of the plural, was still productively used in written style in the latter half of the 20th century, especially in order to avoid reduplication of van. However, it has since continuously lost ground and is now reserved to poetic and highly literary language (apart from fixed expressions and surnames).
- The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /dər/.
Inflection[edit]
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | de | de | het | de |
---|---|---|---|---|
Genitive | des | der | des | der |
Dative | den | der | den | den |
Accusative | den | de | het | de |
Anagrams[edit]
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
der m or f (plural ders)
- last
- la der des ders (referring to the First World War) ― the war that ends all wars (literally, “the last of the lasts”)
Derived terms[edit]
Galician[edit]
Verb[edit]
der
German[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection. Compare also Old Dutch thie and Old English sē where the same process occurred.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /de(ː)r/, [deːɐ̯], [dɛɐ̯], [dɐ]
- The most common pronunciation is [dɛɐ̯], which is possible in all contexts. The form [deːɐ̯] may be used when the word is stressed. The reduced form [dɐ] occurs chiefly after prepositions and conjunctions. In northern and central German vernaculars, the /d/ may in this case assimilate to a preceding coronal (thus in der may colloquially become [ˈɪnɐ]).
audio (file) - Rhymes: -eːɐ̯
Article[edit]
der (definite)
Declension[edit]
German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | das | die |
Genitive | des | der | des | der |
Dative | dem | der | dem | den |
Accusative | den | die | das | die |
- Old Declension
German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | das (older also: daß) |
die |
Genitive | des (older also: deß) |
der | des (older also: deß) |
deren or derer, also der |
Dative | dem | der | dem | denen, also den |
Accusative | den | die | das (older also: daß) |
die |
This older declension is not used anymore.
For examples see Citations:der.
Derived terms[edit]
Article[edit]
der
Pronoun[edit]
der m (relative)
Usage notes[edit]
In a subordinate clause, indicates a person or thing referenced in the main clause. Used with masculine singular referents.
Declension[edit]
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das | die |
genitive | dessen | deren younger also: derer |
dessen | derer deren |
dative | dem | der | dem | denen |
accusative | den | die | das | die |
- By modern grammar works it is said that derer and deren can both be used without difference.
- Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.
- Old Declension
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das older also: daß |
die |
genitive | dessen older also: deß, des |
deren older also: der, dero |
dessen older also: deß, des |
derer also: deren older also: dero |
dative | dem older also: deme |
der | dem older also: deme |
denen |
accusative | den | die | das older also: daß |
die |
Pronoun[edit]
der f (relative)
Pronoun[edit]
der (demonstrative)
- (attributive, stressed) that
- Der Mann war es! ― It was that man!
- (indicative) him, he
- Der hat es getan! ― It was him who did it!
- (differential) the one, him
- Der mit dem Mantel ― The one with the coat
Declension[edit]
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das | die |
genitive | dessen | deren younger also: derer |
dessen | derer deren |
dative | dem | der | dem | denen |
accusative | den | die | das | die |
- By modern grammar works it is said that derer is used cataphoric, while deren is used anaphoric.
- Modern grammar books mention the colloquial genitive plural form der.
- Old Declension
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das older also: daß |
die |
genitive | dessen older also: deß, des |
deren older also: der, dero |
dessen older also: deß, des |
derer also: deren older also: dero |
dative | dem older also: deme |
der | dem older also: deme |
denen |
accusative | den | die | das older also: daß |
die |
Pronoun[edit]
der f (demonstrative)
Further reading[edit]
- “der” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “der” in Duden online
- “der, die, das (bestimmte Artikel)” in Duden online
Hunsrik[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
der
- unstressed dative of du.
Inflection[edit]
nominative | accusative | dative | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proclitic | Enclitic | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | |
1st person singular | ich | -ich | mich | meer | mer | |
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | -du, -de | dich | deer | der | |
3rd person singular (m.) | er; där | -er | ihn | en | ihm | em |
3rd person singular (f.) | sie; die | -se | sie / ihns | se | eer | re |
3rd person singular (n.) | es; das | 's | es | ihm | em | |
1st person plural | meer | mer | uns | |||
2nd person plural | deer | der | eich | |||
3rd person plural | sie; die | -se | sie | se | denne |
Further reading[edit]
Latin[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
der
Limburgish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Dutch der, unstressed form of dāer, from Old Dutch thar, from Proto-West Germanic *þār, from Proto-Germanic *þar.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
Synonyms[edit]
Luxembourgish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle High German der.
In the masculine singular, der was originally nominative and den was accusative. This case distinction, which still exists in Standard German, was then lost in Luxembourgish. Why the form der was reassigned to usage with taboo words seems unexplained.
Determiner[edit]
der
- unstressed form of där
- (archaic outside idioms) Alternative form of den (masculine definite article) used with certain taboo words, especially Däiwel (“devil”) and Doud (“death”)
Declension[edit]
Luxembourgish definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nom./acc. | deen (den) | déi (d') | dat (d') | déi (d') |
dat. | deem (dem) | där (der) | deem (dem) | deen (den) |
gen. | der |
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
der
- unstressed form of dir
Declension[edit]
nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | ||||
1st person singular | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (informal) |
du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | ||
2nd person singular (formal) |
Dir | Der | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | Iech [əɕ] | Iech | ||
3rd person singular | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |
f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||
n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||
1st person plural | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | ||
2nd person plural | dir | der | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | iech [əɕ] | iech | ||
3rd person plural | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech |
Etymology 3[edit]
Fossiled genitive plural of the demonstrative pronoun (see deen). Cognate with German derer (only optionally and rarely so used), Dutch er (used as in Luxembourgish).
Adverb[edit]
der
- Used with numbers that refer back to a previously named noun; compare French en, Dutch er.
- (Can we date this quote?) “Zwou Bulle Mokka”, performed by Fausti:
- Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou sou séiss wéi Zocker.
Zwou Bulle Mokka, do fäls de bal vum Hocker.
Zwou Bulle Mokka, zwou Bulle man dech frou,
Well et sinn der zwou – esou.- Two scoops of mocha, two as sweet as sugar.
Two scoops of mocha, you almost fall off your stool.
Two scoops of mocha, two scoops make you happy,
Because they’re two – just like that.
Or: Because it’s two of them – just like that.
- Two scoops of mocha, two as sweet as sugar.
- Ech hunn zwee Kanner an hien huet der dräi.
- I have two children and he has three.
Middle Dutch[edit]
Article[edit]
der
Adverb[edit]
der
- unstressed form of dāer
Mòcheno[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle High German der, from Old High German der, ther, from Proto-Germanic *þa, an alteration of *sa. Cognate with German der, English the.
Article[edit]
der (feminine de, neuter s, plural de)
- the, nominative singular masculine definite article
References[edit]
- “der” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Northern Kurdish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwer-. Compare English door, Persian در (dar), Ossetian дуар (dwar), Avestan 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (duuarəm), Russian дверь (dverʹ).
Adverb[edit]
der
Noun[edit]
der f
Synonyms[edit]
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “der” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Norse þar. Akin to English there.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also dere. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
der
References[edit]
- “der” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Pennsylvania German[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Article[edit]
der m (definite)
Declension[edit]
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | der | die | es | die |
Accusative | der | die | es | die |
Dative | dem | der | em | de |
Pronoun[edit]
der
Declension[edit]
Nominative | Accusative | Dative | |
---|---|---|---|
1st - Singular | ich | mich | mir mer (unstressed) |
2nd - Singular | du de (unstressed) |
dich | dir der (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Masculine | er | ihn en (unstressed) |
ihm em (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Feminine | sie se (unstressed) |
sie se (unstressed) |
ihre re (unstressed) |
3rd - Singular Neuter | es | es | ihm em (unstressed) |
1st - Plural | mir mer (unstressed) |
uns | uns |
2nd - Plural | dihr der (unstressed) |
eich | eich |
3rd - Plural | sie | sie | ihne ne (unstressed) |
2nd - Polite | Sie | Sie | Ihne Ne (unstressed) |
Portuguese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
der
Swedish[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
- Obsolete spelling of där
Anagrams[edit]
Turkish[edit]
Verb[edit]
der
West Frisian[edit]
Adverb[edit]
der
- there (unspecific to distance)
- Der binne trije Fryske talen
- There are three Frisian languages.
Further reading[edit]
- “der (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Wolof[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file)
Noun[edit]
der (definite form der wi)
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- wo:Anatomy