List of Holocaust memorials and museums
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A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Holocaust, the Nazi Final Solution, and its millions of victims.
Memorials and museums are listed by country, as follows:
A - D: Albania · Argentina · Australia · Austria · Belarus · Belgium · Brazil · Bulgaria · Canada · China (PRC) · Croatia · Cuba · Czech Republic
E - J: Ecuador · Estonia · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Israel · Italy · Japan
K - O:
Latvia · Lithuania · Mexico · Netherlands · New Zealand · North Macedonia · Norway
P - T:
Philippines · Poland ·
Portugal ·
Romania · Russia · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Africa · Spain · Suriname · Sweden · Taiwan
U - Z:
Ukraine · United Kingdom · United States · Uruguay
Albania[edit]
- Holocaust memorial, with inscription written in three stone plaques in English, Hebrew, and Albanian: “Albanians, Christians, and Muslims endangered their lives to protect and save the Jews.” (Tirana)[1][2]
Argentina[edit]
- Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires (Holocaust Memorial Museum, Buenos Aires)[3]
Australia[edit]
- Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre (Adelaide, South Australia)
- The Jewish Holocaust Centre (Melbourne, Victoria)[4]
- Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism (Kew, Victoria) Holocaust Memorial[5]
- Melbourne General Cemetery Holocaust Memorial (Parkville, Victoria)[6]
- Sydney Jewish Museum (Sydney)[7]
- Magen Shoah, The Central Synagogue (Sydney)
Austria[edit]
- The Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial (Vienna)
- Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria, "House of Names" (Holocaust und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark, Haus der Namen) (Graz)[8]
- House of Responsibility (Braunau am Inn)
- Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial (Mauthausen)[9]
- Learning and memorial site Charlotte Taitl House (Ried im Innkreis)
- Memorial against war and fascism (Vienna)
- Pogrom Monument
- Memorial to the Jews of Zelem
Belarus[edit]
- The Pit, Minsk
- Khatyn, Minsk
- National Memorial of the Republic of Belarus
Belgium[edit]
- Kazerne Dossin: Memorial, Museum and Documentation Centre on Holocaust and Human Rights (Mechelen)[10]
- National Monument to the Jewish Martyrs of Belgium (Brussels)[11]
Brazil[edit]
- Holocaust victims memorial at Rio de Janeiro – Cemitério Israelita do Caju (sephardic) – inaugurated in September 1975
- Holocaust victims memorial at Salvador – Cemitério Israelita da Bahia – inaugurated in 2007
- Holocaust Museum in Curitiba – inaugurated in 2011 (Paraná)
- Memorial of Jewish Immigration and of the Holocaust (São Paulo) – 2011[12]
Bulgaria[edit]
- Jewish Historical Museum (Sofia)[13]
- Dimitar Peshev Museum (Kyustendil)[14][15]
- Monument of Gratitude (Plovdiv)[16]
Canada[edit]
![](http://webcf.waybackmachine.org/web/20220511211622im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Ntl_Holocaust_Monument_1.jpg/220px-Ntl_Holocaust_Monument_1.jpg)
- Holocaust Memorial sculpture (Edmonton, Alberta)[17]
- Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre (Toronto)[18]
- The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre (Vancouver, British Columbia)[19]
- Montreal Holocaust Museum
China (People's Republic of China)[edit]
- Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (Hong Kong)[20]
- Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum[21]
- "Wall of Shanghai List" and Holocaust Memorial statue (Shanghai)[22]
Croatia[edit]
- The Jasenovac Memorial Area (Jasenovac)
- Memorial Centre Lipa Remembers (Lipa, Matulji)
Cuba[edit]
- Holocaust Memorial Santa Clara[23]
- Sephardic Center Holocaust Exhibit (Havana)[24]
Czech Republic[edit]
- Holocaust memorial (Valašské Meziříčí)
- Pinkas Synagogue/Old Jewish Cemetery (Prague)
- Old New Synagogue (Prague)
- Theresienstadt concentration camp (Terezín)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Moravia (Hodonín u Kunštátu)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Bohemia (Lety u Písku)
Ecuador[edit]
- Casa Museo Trude Sojka (in memory of a Holocaust survivor and artist)[25]
Estonia[edit]
![](http://webcf.waybackmachine.org/web/20220511211622im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Holocaust_Memorial_in_Estonia.jpg/220px-Holocaust_Memorial_in_Estonia.jpg)
- Holocaust memorial at the site of Klooga concentration camp (Klooga)
- Memorial at the site of Kalevi-Liiva (Jägala)
France[edit]
- Maison d'Izieu mémorial des enfants juifs exterminés (Izieu)[26]
- Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour at the site of the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre[27]
- Holocaust Memorial at Drancy internment camp (Mémorial de la Shoah de Drancy)[28]
- Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Paris)
- Mémorial de la Shoah (Paris)
- Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation (Paris)
- Memorial to the patients of the Clermont psychiatric ward[29][30]
- Memorial at Gurs internment camp[31]
- Royallieu-Compiègne internment camp memorial[32]
- Camp des Milles memorial (Aix-en-Provence)[33]
- Vélodrome d’Hiver memorial (Paris)[34]
- Memorial Museum to the Children of Vel d'Hiv (Orléans)[35]
- European Centre of Deported Resistance Members and Struthof Museum at the former Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp[36]
Germany[edit]
- Holocaust Tower, Jewish Museum Berlin
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Homosexuals Persecuted under the National Socialist Regime (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism (Berlin)
- Französische Kapelle (Soest)
- Memorial to the Victims of National Socialist 'Euthanasia' Killings (German: Gedenk- und Informationsort für die Opfer der nationalsozialistischen »Euthanasie«-Morde)[37][a]
- Stolperstein – Holocaust memorials all over Germany and in 21 further European countries
- Topf & Söhne – Builders of the Auschwitz Ovens. Museum and Place of Remembrance (Erfurt)
- European Holocaust Memorial (Landsberg am Lech)[40]
- Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
- Nordenstadt Memorial
- Wollheim Memorial
- Eckerwald Memorial
- KZ-Transport 1945 Memorial
- Angel of Peace (Mannheim)
- Freight Wagon Memorial
- Forced Laborer Memorial Transit
- European Holocaust Memorial in Landsberg
- Memorial Neuer Börneplatz
- Concentration Camp Memorial Hailfingen-Tailfingen
- Documentation Centre NS Forced Labor
- Memorial in memory of the burning of books
- Memorial at the Frankfurt Grossmarkthalle
- Jewish Cemetery (Anklam)
- "Dejudaization Institute" Memorial (Eisenach)
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Hanover
Greece[edit]
- The Athens Holocaust Memorial, outside the archaeological site of Kerameikos (Athens)[41]
- Cemetery and Monument for the Victims of the Holocaust – 3rd Cemetery of Athens, Nikea (Piraeus)
- Monument to Young Jews (in memory of young Jews murdered in the Holocaust) – Pafos Square, Athens
- Jewish Museum of Greece – Shoah Exhibit[42] (Athens)
- Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki – Shoah Exhibit[43] (Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia)
- Holocaust Museum of Greece, Thessaloniki (under construction)
- Monument of the Victims of the Holocaust in the Jewish Martyrs square[44] (Rhodes)
- Rhodes Jewish Museum[45]
- Holocaust Memorial of Corfu (New Fortress Square, Corfu)
Hungary[edit]
- Holocaust Memorial Center (Budapest)[46]
- Dohány Street Synagogue (Budapest)
- Shoes on the Danube Bank (Budapest)
Indonesia[edit]
Israel[edit]
- Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority (Jerusalem)
- Beit Terezin (in Kibbutz Givat Haim (Ihud))
- Ghetto Fighters' House (Kibbutz Lohamei HaGeta'ot)[48]
- Massuah Institute for the Study of the Holocaust (Kibbutz Tel Yitzhak)
- From Holocaust to Revival Museum (Kibbutz Yad Mordechai)[49]
- Kiryat Białystok Archive and Community Center (Yehud)
- Chamber of the Holocaust (Mount Zion, Jerusalem)
- Ani Ma'amin Holocaust Museum (Jerusalem)
- Forest of the Martyrs (Jerusalem)
- LGBT Memorial to LGBT people persecuted by the Nazis (Tel Aviv)[50]
- The sculpture garden of Holocaust to resurrection (Karmiel)
- Memorial to the Deportation of Jews from France
- Monument to the children in Yad Vashem (Jerusalem)
- Holocaust and Revival Memorial Sculpture, by Igael Tumarkin (Rabin Square, Tel Aviv)
- Anne Frank Children's Human Rights Memorial, Maaleh Adumim[51]
Italy[edit]
- Memoriale della Shoah (Milan)
- Museo della Deportazione (Prato)
- Fondazione Museo della Shoah (Rome)
- Museo Diffuso della Resistenza Torino (Torino)
- Museum of Italian Judaism and the Shoah (Ferrara)
- Museo della Deportazione
- Great Synagogue of Rome (Rome)
- Museo Ebraico di Roma (Rome)
Japan[edit]
- Holocaust Education Center (Fukuyuma)[52]
- Tokyo Holocaust Education Resource Center (Tokyo)
- Anne's Rose Church (Nishinomiya, Hyogo)[53]
- Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum (Tsuruga, Fukui)
- Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall
- Auschwitz Peace Museum (Shirakawa, Fukushima)[54]
Latvia[edit]
- Memorial complex at Rumbula
- Memorial complex at Salaspils
- Museum of Tolerance at the site of Kaiserwald
- Museum "Jews in Latvia"
- Riga ghetto and holocaust in Latvia museum
Lithuania[edit]
- Holocaust Exhibition at the Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum (Vilnius)[55]
- Ponary Massacre Memorial (Paneriai)[56]
- Holocaust Memorial in (Šeduva)[57]
- Ninth Fort Museum (Kaunas)[58]
- Sugihara House (Kaunas)[59]
- The Green House Holocaust Museum (Vilnius)[60]
Luxembourg[edit]
Mexico[edit]
Netherlands[edit]
- The Anne Frank House (Amsterdam)
- The Hollandsche Schouwburg (Amsterdam)[61]
- The Joods Historisch Museum (Amsterdam)
- Joods Monument (memorial website)[62]
- The Homomonument (Amsterdam)
- The Dock Worker Monument[63]
- The Westerbork camp and information centre (Westerbork)[64]
- Camp Vught National Memorial at Herzogenbusch concentration camp[65]
- Holocaust Namenmonument (National Holocaust Names Memorial) in Jodenbuurt Neighborhood of Amsterdam
New Zealand[edit]
North Macedonia[edit]
Norway[edit]
- Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (Oslo)
Philippines[edit]
Poland[edit]
- Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum (Oświęcim)
- The Oświęcim Synagogue (Oświęcim)
- Bełżec extermination camp (Bełżec, Lublin Voivodeship)
- Ghetto Heroes Monument (Warsaw)[67]
- POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews (Warsaw)
- Eagle Pharmacy (Krakow)
- Lublin Holocaust Memorial
- Radegast train station (Łódź)
- Survivors' Park in Łódź
- Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka, Masovian Voivodeship
- Monument to the Memory of Children - Victims of the Holocaust
- Umschlagplatz Monument (Warsaw)
- Memorial in Palmiry
- Museum and Memorial in Sobibór[68]
Portugal[edit]
Romania[edit]
- Bucharest Holocaust Memorial[69]
- Elie Wiesel Memorial House (Sighetu Marmației)[70]
- Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom (Bucharest)[71]
- Holocaust Memorial in Târgu Mures[72]
- Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum (Şimleu Silvaniei)[73]
- Memorial to the Deported Jews of Oradea[74]
Russia[edit]
- Holocaust Memorial Synagogue (Moscow)
- Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center (Moscow)[75]
- Formula of Sorrow monument (Pushkin, Saint Petersburg)[76][77]
- Kaliningrad North railway station memorial plaque to Jewish deportees from Königsberg and East Prussia (Kaliningrad)[78]
- Memorial to the Victims of Fascism (Krasnodar)[79]
- Lyubavichi mass murder site monument[80]
- "Ravine of Death" memorial stone (Taganrog)[81]
- Palmnicken massacre monument (Yantarny, Kaliningrad)[82][83]
- Monument at Vostryakovo Jewish Cemetery (Moscow)[84]
- Zmievskaya Balka memorial (Rostov-on-Don)[85]
Serbia[edit]
- Menorah in Flames sculpture (Belgrade)[86]
- Memorial Park Jajinci (Belgrade)
- Banjica concentration camp (Belgrade)
- Jewish Historical Museum (Belgrade)[87]
- Belgrade Museum of Genocide Victims[88]
- Miklós Radnóti memorial (Bor)[89]
- Kladovo transport memorial[90]
- Šumarice Genocide Memorial Park (Kragujevac)[91][92]
- Monument to the victims of the Novi Sad raid[93]
- Bubanj Memorial Park (Niš)
- Crveni Krst concentration camp (Niš)
Slovakia[edit]
- Memorial at the Museum of the Slovak National Uprising (Banská Bystrica)[94]
- Holocaust Memorial (Bratislava)[95][96]
- Museum of Jewish Culture (Bratislava)[97][98]
- Holocaust memorial for the Jewish inhabitants of Huncovce[99]
- Holocaust memorial plaque on the synagogue of Košice[100]
- Monument and Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising (Nemecká)[101]
- Memorial to the Victims of the Nováky Forced Labor and Concentration Camp[102]
- Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews at Poprad Railway Station[103]
- Holocaust Memorial at Prešov synagogue[104]
- Holocaust memorial plaque Prešov town hall[105]
- Sereď Holocaust Museum[106]
- Park of Generous Souls[107]
Slovenia[edit]
South Africa[edit]
- The Cape Town Holocaust Centre (Cape Town)[109]
- The Durban Holocaust Centre (Durban)[110]
- The Johannesburg Holocaust And Genocide Centre (Johannesburg)[111]
Spain[edit]
- Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust (Madrid)[112]
- Monument to the Victims of the Mauthausen Concentration Camp (Almería)[113]
Suriname[edit]
- Paramaribo Holocaust Memorial Paramaribo[114]
Sweden[edit]
- Monument to the Memory of the Holocaust Victims at the Great Synagogue of Stockholm (Stockholm)[115]
- Storsjöteatern theatre (Östersund)[116]
Taiwan[edit]
Ukraine[edit]
- "Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut[118]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv[119]
- Memorial to the Roma murdered in the Podusovka forest, near Chernihiv[119]
- Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, Kiev
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kovel at the Bakhiv forest mass murder site.[120][121][122]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kysylyn at the mass grave site[123]
- Memorials to the murdered Jews of Lutsk[124]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol[125]
- Memorial to the Jews of Mukachevo[126]
- Holocaust Museum in Odessa[127][128]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[129]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky[130]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ratne at the mass graves site[131][132]
- Memorial site for the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[133]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska[134][135]
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr[136][137]
United Kingdom[edit]
- Beth Shalom Holocaust Centre (National Holocaust Centre and Museum), Nottingham
- Church of St Michael the Greater, Stamford, Lincolnshire
- Holocaust Exhibition and Learning Centre, Huddersfield
- Hyde Park Holocaust memorial, Hyde Park, London
- Holocaust Exhibition, Imperial War Museum, London
- Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide, London
- (Proposed) UK Holocaust Memorial, London
United States[edit]
Uruguay[edit]
See also[edit]
- Holocaust museum (disambiguation)
- List of Holocaust memorials and museums in the United States
- Holocaust victims
- Culture of Remembrance
- Association of Holocaust Organizations
- List of Armenian genocide memorials
- List of Holodomor memorials and museums
- List of Jewish museums
Notes[edit]
- ^ The German national memorial to the people with disabilities systematically murdered by the Nazis was dedicated in 2014 in Berlin.[38][39] It is located in Berlin in a site next to the Tiergarten park, which is the former location of a villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4 where more than 60 Nazi bureaucrats and doctors worked in secret under the "T4" program to organize the mass murder of sanatorium and psychiatric hospital patients deemed unworthy to live.[39]
References[edit]
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Loibl Süd Concentration Camp Memorial". Holocaust Memorials: Monuments, Museums and Institutions in Commemoration of Nazi Victims. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
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- ^ memorialmuseums.org/denkmaeler/view/1215/Memorial-for-the-victims-of-the-Holocaust "Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
{{cite web}}
: Check|url=
value (help) - ^ "Monumento a las víctimas del campo del Mauthausen (Almería)". Junta de Andalucía. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
- ^ "70 years after the Holocaust, a Surinamese memorial for Caribbean victims | the Times of Israel". The Times of Israel.
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- ^ a b "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
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- ^ "Memorial to the Jews of Mukacheve: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ "Holocaust Museum". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
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- ^ "Ostrozhets". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- ^ "Ratno: Commemoration of Jewish Victims". The Untold Stories. The Murder Sites of the Jews in the Occupied Territories of the Former USSR. Jerusalem, Israel: Yad Vashem. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
- ^ "Prokhid". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
- ^ "Ostrozhets". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- ^ "Rava-Ruska". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
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- ^ "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- ^ "Memorial del Holocausto del Pueblo Judío" (in Spanish). Intendencia de Montevideo. Archived from the original on 22 July 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
Further reading[edit]
- Young, James. E (1993). The texture of memory: Holocaust memorials and meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300059915.
External links[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Holocaust memorials. |
- Holocaust Memorials — by continents and countries
- Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
- Global Directory of Holocaust Museums
- Memorial sites for Sinti and Roma (in German)
- Remembering the Holocaust 24 Hour Museum
- Monuments and Memorials — historical overview
- National Holocaust Memorials — comparison