List of countries by income equality
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
![](http://webcf.waybackmachine.org/web/20220502144327im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Map_of_countries_by_GINI_coefficient_%281990_to_2020%29.svg/400px-Map_of_countries_by_GINI_coefficient_%281990_to_2020%29.svg.png)
World map of income inequality Gini coefficients by country. Based on World Bank data ranging from 1992 to 2020.[1]
- Above 50%
- Between 45% to 50%
- Between 40% to 45%
- Between 35% to 40%
- Between 30% to 35%
- Below 30%
- No data
This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income).
Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by distribution of wealth). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.[2][3]
UN, World Bank and CIA list – income ratios and Gini indices[edit]
- Row numbers are static. Other columns are sortable. This allows ranking of any column.
Key:
- R/P 10%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%.
- R/P 20%
- The ratio of the average income of the richest 20% to the poorest 20%.
- Gini
- Gini index, a quantified representation of a nation's Lorenz curve. A Gini index of 0% expresses perfect equality, while index of 100% expresses maximal inequality.
- UN
- Data from the United Nations Development Programme.
- World Bank
- Data from the World Bank.
- CIA
- Data from the Central Intelligence Agency's The World Factbook.
Country | Subregion | Region | UN R/P | WB Gini[4] | CIA R/P[5] | CIA Gini[6] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10%[5] | 20%[7] | % | Year | 10% | Year | % | Year | |||
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 7.2 | 4.2 | 33.2 | 2017 | 7.2 | 2004 | 26.9 | 2012 est. |
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | 9.6 | 4.0 | 27.6 | 2011 | 9.6 | 1995 | 35.3 | 1995 |
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 9.0 | 51.3 | 2018 | |||||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 31.6 | 8.8 | 41.4 | 2018 | 35.0 | 2007 Jan.–Mar. | 41.7 | 2017 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 8.0 | 5.0 | 34.4 | 2018 | 25.8 | 2004 | 34.4[8] | 2018[8] |
![]() |
Australia, New Zealand | Oceania | 12.5 | 6.3 | 34.4 | 2014 | 12.7 | 1994 | 30.3 | 2008 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 4.9 | 29.7 | 2017 | 6.8 | 2004 | 26.3 | 2007 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 9.7 | 26.6 | 2005 | 9.5 | 2001 | 33.7 | 2008 | |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 7.5 | 4.8 | 32.4 | 2016 | 7.5 | 2000 est. | 32.1 | 2010 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 3.6 | 25.2 | 2018 | 6.9 | 2002 | 26.5 | 2011 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 8.2 | 4.2 | 27.4 | 2017 | 8.3 | 2000 | 25.9 | 2013 est. |
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 28.8 | 53.3 | 1999 | 19.9 | 2013 | 49.8 | 2014 | |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 9.4 | 16.3 | 47.8 | 2015 | 9.4 | 2003 | 36.5 | 2003 |
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 6.6 | 37.4 | 2017 | 38.7 | 2012 | |||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 93.9 | 11.8 | 42.2 | 2018 | 157.3 | 2002 | 46.6 | 2012 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 5.4 | 5.4 | 33.0 | 2011 | 5.5 | 2001 | 36.2 | 2007 |
![]() |
Southern Africa | Africa | 43.0 | 15.0 | 53.3 | 2015 | 60.9 | 2009 | ||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 16.5 | 21.1 | 53.9 | 2018 | 16.3 | 2013 | 48.8 | 2018 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 7.0 | 7.3 | 40.4 | 2017 | 8.8 | 2005 | 35.4 | 2012 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 11.6 | 5.3 | 35.3 | 2014 | 11.5 | 2003 | 39.5 | 2007 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 19.3 | 6.7 | 38.6 | 2013 | 19.3 | 1998 | 42.4 | 1998 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 12.2 | 12.0 | 2004 | 37.9 | 2008 est. | |||
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 15.7 | 11.5 | 46.6 | 2014 | 15.4 | 2001 | 44.6 | 2001 |
![]() |
Northern America | Americas | 9.4 | 6.2 | 33.8 | 2013 | 9.5 | 2000 | 32.1 | 2005 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 10.7 | 47.2 | 2007 | |||||
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 69.2 | 18.5 | 56.2 | 2008 | 68.1 | 1993 | 43.6 | 2003 |
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 10.0 | 43.3 | 2011 | 43.3 | 2011 est. | |||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 26.2 | 11.2 | 44.4 | 2017 | 32.1 | 2003 | 52.1 | 2009 |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 21.6 | 10.2 | 38.5 | 2016 | 21.8 | 2004 | 46.5 | 2016 |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 60.4 | 13.4 | 50.4 | 2018 | 56.3 | 2008 | 53.5 | 2012 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 11.2 | 45.3 | 2014 | 55.9 | 2004 est. | |||
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 8.8 | 42.1 | 2012 | |||||
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 12.8 | 48.9 | 2011 | |||||
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 23.4 | 12.3 | 48.0 | 2018 | 37.3 | 2003 | 50.3 | 2009 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 16.6 | 8.4 | 41.5 | 2015 | 17.0 | 2002 | 41.5 | 2008 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 7.3 | 5.3 | 30.4 | 2017 | 7.2 | 2003 est. | 32.0 | 2010 |
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | ||||||||
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 5.3 | 31.4 | 2017 | 32.4 | 2013 est. | |||
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.2 | 3.7 | 24.9 | 2017 | 5.2 | 1996 | 24.9 | 2012 |
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 8.1 | 4.0 | 28.7 | 2017 | 12.0 | 2000 est. | 24.8 | 2011 est. |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 8.8 | 44.6 | 2017 | 40.9 | 2002 | |||
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | 25.3 | 10.5 | 43.7 | 2018 | 18.8 | 2012 | 45.7 | 2012 est. |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 35.2 | 10.7 | 45.4 | 2018 | 17.5 | 2006 Oct.[5] | 48.5 | 2013 Dec.[5] |
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | 8.0 | 4.6 | 31.5 | 2017 | 8.0 | 2000 | 30.8 | 2008 |
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 38.6 | 7.0 | 38.6 | 2018 | 55.4 | 2002 | 46.9 | 2007 |
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | ||||||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 10.8 | 5.4 | 30.4 | 2017 | 11.0 | 2003 | 32.9 | 2013 |
![]() |
Southern Africa | Africa | 25.1 | 14.2 | 54.6 | 2016 | 25.4 | 2001 | 50.4 | 2001 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 6.6 | 7.1 | 35.0 | 2015 | 6.5 | 2000 | 33.0 | 2011 |
![]() |
Europe | 8.6 | 2015 est. | 30.6 | 2012 est. | |||||
![]() |
Melanesia | Oceania | 6.0 | 36.7 | 2013 | |||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 5.6 | 3.9 | 27.4 | 2017 | 5.7 | 2000 | 26.8 | 2008 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 9.1 | 5.2 | 31.6 | 2017 | 8.3 | 2004 | 30.1 | 2013 |
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 7.4 | 38.0 | 2017 | |||||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 20.2 | 5.9 | 35.9 | 2015 | 20.6 | 1998 | 50.2 | 1998 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 15.4 | 7.1 | 36.4 | 2018 | 15.2 | 2003 | 46.0 | 2011 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 6.9 | 5.1 | 31.9 | 2016 | 6.9 | 2000 | 27.0 | 2006 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 14.1 | 10.3 | 43.5 | 2016 | 13.7 | 1999 | 42.3 | 2012–2013 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 10.2 | 7.1 | 34.4 | 2017 | 10.4 | 2000 est. | 34.4 | 2013 est. |
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 33.9 | 11.9 | 48.3 | 2014 | 48.2 | 2002 | 55.1 | 2007 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 10.5 | 5.5 | 33.7 | 2012 | 21.6 | 2006 | 39.4 | 2007 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 19.0 | 12.6 | 50.7 | 2010 | 84.8 | 1991 | ||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 44.6 | 1998 | 26.0 | 1999 | 44.6 | 2007 | ||
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | 54.4 | 8.6 | 41.1 | 2012 | 68.1 | 2001 | 60.8 | 2012 |
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 59.4 | 17.1 | 52.1 | 2018 | 35.2 | 2003 | 57.7 | 2007 |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 17.8 | 53.9 | 2016 | |||||
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.5 | 4.9 | 30.6 | 2017 | 5.6 | 2002 | 24.7 | 2009 |
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 4.0 | 26.8 | 2015 | 28.0 | 2006 | |||
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 8.6 | 5.5 | 37.8 | 2011 | 8.6 | 2004 | 35.1 | 2011 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 6.6 | 39.0 | 2018 | 7.9 | 2002 | 38.8 | 2018 |
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 17.2 | 7.7 | 40.8 | 2017 | 16.9 | 1998 | 44.5 | 2006 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 4.4 | 29.5 | 2012 | |||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 9.4 | 5.0 | 32.8 | 2016 | 9.4 | 2000 | 33.9 | 2010 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 13.4 | 8.5 | 39.0 | 2016 | 11.8 | 2005 | 37.6 | 2012 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 11.6 | 7.0 | 35.9 | 2017 | 11.7 | 2000 | 31.9 | 2012 est. |
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | 17.3 | 45.5 | 2004 | 17.0 | 2004 | 45.5 | 2004 | |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 4.5 | 5.4 | 32.9 | 2013 | 4.5 | 1993 | 37.9 | 2011 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 11.3 | 5.2 | 33.7 | 2010 | 11.3 | 2003 | 39.7 | 2007 |
![]() |
Central Asia | Asia | 8.5 | 3.8 | 27.5 | 2017 | 8.0 | 2004 est. | 28.9 | 2011 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 13.6 | 7.7 | 40.8 | 2015 | 18.6 | 2000 | 42.5 | 2008 est. |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 5.3 | 31.6 | 2012 | 5.9 | 2011 | 34.1 | 2015 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe[a] | 29.0 | 2017 | ||||||
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Central Asia | Asia | 6.4 | 3.8 | 27.7 | 2018 | 6.4 | 2003 | 33.4 | 2007 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 8.3 | 5.9 | 36.4 | 2012 | 8.4 | 2002 | 36.7 | 2008 |
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 11.6 | 5.8 | 35.6 | 2017 | 11.6 | 2003 | 35.2 | 2010 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 5.1 | 31.8 | 2011 | |||||
![]() |
Southern Africa | Africa | 39.8 | 20.8 | 44.9 | 2017 | 48.2 | 2002 est. | 63.2 | 1995 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 12.8 | 5.9 | 35.3 | 2016 | ||||
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | ||||||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 10.4 | 7.2 | 37.3 | 2017 | 10.3 | 2003 | 35.5 | 2009 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 5.7 | 34.9 | 2017 | 6.8 | 2000 | 30.4 | 2013 est. | |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 35 | 2013 | ||||||
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 12.5 | 7.3 | 34.2 | 2017 | 12.3 | 2003 | 43.6 | 2013 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 19.2 | 8.7 | 42.6 | 2012 | 19.3 | 2001 | 47.5 | 2001 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 10.9 | 8.1 | 44.7 | 2016 | 11.0 | 2004 | 39.0 | 2004 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 22.1 | 8.2 | 41.0 | 2015 | 28.0 | 2003 est. | 46.2 | 2009 |
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 7.0 | 31.3 | 2016 | 37.4 | 2004 est. | |||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 12.5 | 5.2 | 33.0 | 2009 | 12.6 | 2001 | 40.1 | 2001 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 4.5 | 29.2 | 2017 | 27.9 | 2013 | |||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 12.0 | 5.4 | 32.6 | 2014 | 11.8 | 2000 | 39.0 | 2000 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 5.9 | 36.8 | 2017 | 35.9 | 2012 est. | |||
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 21.6 | 8.8 | 45.4 | 2018 | 24.6 | 2004 | 48.3 | 2008 |
![]() |
Micronesia | Oceania | 8.4 | 40.1 | 2013 | 61.1 | 2013 est. | |||
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 8.2 | 3.6 | 25.7 | 2018 | 8.3 | 2003 | 33.0 | 2010 |
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 8.2 | 5.1 | 32.7 | 2018 | 8.2 | 2002 | 36.5 | 2008 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 4.8 | 39.0 | 2015 | 26.2 | 2013 est. | |||
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | 11.7 | 7.0 | 39.5 | 2013 | 11.9 | 1999 | 40.9 | 2007 est. |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 18.8 | 14.2 | 54.0 | 2014 | 18.8 | 2002 | 45.6 | 2008 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 6.3 | 30.7 | 2017 | 11.6 | 1998 | |||
![]() |
Southern Africa | Africa | 106.6 | 22.8 | 59.1 | 2015 | 129.0 | 2003 | 59.7 | 2010 |
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 15.8 | 5.0 | 32.8 | 2010 | 15.6 | 2004 | 32.8 | 2010 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 9.2 | 4.2 | 28.5 | 2017 | 9.2 | 1999 | 25.1 | 2013 |
![]() |
Australia, New Zealand | Oceania | 12.4 | 36.2 | 1997 | |||||
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 31.0 | 10.2 | 46.2 | 2014 | 15.4 | 2001 | 40.5 | 2010 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 46.0 | 5.4 | 34.3 | 2014 | 44.3 | 1995 | 34.0 | 2007 |
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 17.8 | 9.1 | 35.1 | 2020 | 17.5 | 2003 | 43.7 | 2003 |
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 6.1 | 4.1 | 27.0 | 2017 | 6.0 | 2000 | 26.8 | 2010 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 6.5 | 4.8 | 33.5 | 2015 | 6.6 | 2002 | 29.6 | 2011 FY |
![]() |
Central America | Americas | 49.9 | 15.9 | 49.2 | 2018 | 61.4 | 2003 | 51.9 | 2010 est. |
![]() |
Melanesia | Oceania | 23.8 | 9.3 | 41.9 | 2009 | 23.8 | 1996 | 50.9 | 1996 |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 38.8 | 11.7 | 46.2 | 2018 | 65.9 | 2003 | 53.2 | 2009 |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 26.1 | 10.3 | 42.8 | 2018 | 31.5 | 2003 | 45.3 | 2012 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 15.5 | 7.2 | 44.4 | 2015 | 15.5 | 2003 | 46.0 | 2012 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 8.8 | 4.6 | 29.7 | 2017 | 8.7 | 2002 | 34.1 | 2009 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 15.0 | 6.4 | 33.8 | 2017 | 9.2 | 1995 est. | 34.2 | 2013 est. |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 7.5 | 8.0 | 36.0 | 2017 | 7.4 | 2003 | 27.3 | 2012 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 12.7 | 6.6 | 37.5 | 2018 | 12.8 | 2002 | 42 | 2012 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 18.6 | 8.5 | 43.7 | 2016 | 18.2 | 2000 | 46.8 | 2000 |
![]() |
Middle Africa | Africa | 4.7 | 56.3 | 2017 | |||||
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | ||||||||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 12.3 | 7.7 | 40.3 | 2011 | 12.4 | 2001 | 40.3 | 2011 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 4.2 | 36.2 | 2017 | 38.7 | 2014 est. | |||
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 9.8 | 46.8 | 2013 | |||||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 87.2 | 5.4 | 35.7 | 2018 | 87.2 | 1989 | 34.0 | 2011 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 17.7 | 17.3 | 1998 | 46.4 | 2014 | |||
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 6.7 | 4.1 | 25.2 | 2016 | 6.7 | 1996 | 25.3 | 2012 |
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 5.9 | 3.7 | 24.2 | 2017 | 5.9 | 1998 | 23.7 | 2012 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | ||||||||
![]() |
Southern Africa | Africa | 33.1 | 28.4 | 63.0 | 2014 | 31.9 | 2000 | 62.5 | 2013 est. |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 13.0 | 46.3 | 2009 | 46.0 | 2010 est. | |||
![]() |
Southern Europe | Europe | 10.3 | 7.3 | 34.7 | 2017 | 10.2 | 2000 | 34.0 | 2011 |
![]() |
Southern Asia | Asia | 11.1 | 6.8 | 39.8 | 2016 | 36.1 | 2003–04 FY | 49.0 | 2010 |
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | 6.8 | 51.2 | 2016 | |||||
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | 6.2 | 35.4 | 2009 | |||||
![]() |
South America | Americas | 57.6 | 1999 | ||||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 6.2 | 4.6 | 28.8 | 2017 | 6.2 | 2000 | 24.9 | 2013 |
![]() |
Western Europe | Europe | 9.0 | 5.2 | 32.7 | 2017 | 8.9 | 2000 | 28.7 | 2012 est. |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 35.8 | 2004 | ||||||
![]() |
Eastern Asia | Asia | 6.1 | 2002 est. | 33.8 | 2012 | ||||
![]() |
Central Asia | Asia | 7.8 | 5.6 | 34.0 | 2015 | 7.8 | 2003 | 32.6 | 2006 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 9.2 | 6.2 | 40.5 | 2017 | 9.3 | 2000 | 37.6 | 2007 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 12.6 | 6.0 | 36.4 | 2018 | 12.4 | 2002 | 39.4 | 2010 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 4.1 | 28.7 | 2014 | 31.9 | 2007 est. | |||
![]() |
Western Africa | Africa | 9.7 | 43.1 | 2015 | |||||
![]() |
Caribbean | Americas | 12.9 | 40.3 | 1992 | |||||
![]() |
Northern Africa | Africa | 13.4 | 5.2 | 32.8 | 2015 | 13.7 | 2000 | 40.0 | 2005 est. |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 6.6 | 8.5 | 41.9 | 2018 | 17.1 | 2003 | 40.2 | 2010 |
![]() |
Central Asia | Asia | 12.3 | 40.8 | 1999 | 12.2 | 1998 | 40.8 | 1998 | |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 16.6 | 8.2 | 42.8 | 2016 | 16.4 | 2002 | 39.5 | 2013 |
![]() |
Eastern Europe | Europe | 5.9 | 3.5 | 26.1 | 2018 | 7.6 | 2006 | 28.2 | 2009 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 32.5 | 2014 | ||||||
![]() |
Northern Europe | Europe | 13.8 | 5.4 | 34.8 | 2016 | 13.6 | 1999 | 32.4 | 2012 |
![]() |
Northern America | Americas | 18.5 | 9.4 | 41.4 | 2016 | 14.0 | 2014 est. | 47.0 | 2014 |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 11.8 | 7.8 | 39.7 | 2018 | 17.9 | 2003 | 45.3 | 2010 |
![]() |
Central Asia | Asia | 10.6 | 35.3 | 2003 | 10.6 | 2003 | 36.8 | 2003 | |
![]() |
South America | Americas | 18.8 | 15.8 | 46.9 | 2006 | 50.3 | 2003 | 39.0 | 2011 |
![]() |
South-eastern Asia | Asia | 6.9 | 6.2 | 35.7 | 2018 | 10.0 | 2004 | 37.6 | 2008 |
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 5.6 | 33.7 | 2016 | |||||
![]() |
Western Asia | Asia | 8.6 | 6.1 | 36.7 | 2014 | 8.6 | 2003 | 37.7 | 2005 |
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 21.1 | 57.1 | 2015 | 57.5 | 2010 | |||
![]() |
Eastern Africa | Africa | 8.6 | 44.3 | 2017 | 50.1 | 2006 | |||
World | 12.0[citation needed] | 2002 est. | 38.0 | 2007 |
EU27 countries[edit]
![]() | This section needs to be updated.(December 2020) |
Member state | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
27.4 | 27.6 | 27.0 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 27.2 | 27.9 | 26.8 | 27.5 |
![]() |
26.3 | 26.5 | 25.9 | 25.9 | 26.2 | 26.3 | 26.1 | 25.7 | 25.1 |
![]() |
35.0 | 33.6 | 35.4 | 35.4 | 37.0 | 37.7 | 40.2 | 39.6 | 40.8 |
![]() |
31.2 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.2 | 30.4 | 29.8 | 29.9 | 29.7 | 29.2 |
![]() |
29.2 | 31.0 | 32.4 | 34.8 | 33.6 | 32.1 | 30.8 | 29.1 | 31.1 |
![]() |
25.2 | 24.9 | 24.6 | 25.1 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 24.0 |
![]() |
26.6 | 26.5 | 26.8 | 27.7 | 27.4 | 27.7 | 27.6 | 27.8 | 27.5 |
![]() |
31.9 | 32.5 | 32.9 | 35.6 | 34.8 | 32.7 | 31.6 | 30.6 | 30.5 |
![]() |
25.8 | 25.9 | 25.4 | 25.6 | 25.2 | 25.4 | 25.3 | 25.9 | 26.2 |
![]() |
30.8 | 30.5 | 30.1 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 28.8 | 28.5 | |
![]() |
29.0 | 28.3 | 29.7 | 30.7 | 30.1 | 29.5 | 29.1 | 31.1 | 29.7 |
![]() |
33.5 | 34.3 | 34.4 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 34.3 | 33.4 | 32.3 | 31.0 |
![]() |
26.9 | 27.2 | 28.3 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 28.2 | 28.1 | 28.7 | 28.0 |
![]() |
29.8 | 30.4 | 30.7 | 31.1 | 29.7 | 29.6 | 30.6 | 28.9 | |
![]() |
32.5 | 32.4 | 32.8 | 32.4 | 32.4 | 33.1 | 32.7 | 33.4 | |
![]() |
35.1 | 35.7 | 35.2 | 35.5 | 35.4 | 34.5 | 34.5 | 35.6 | 35.2 |
![]() |
33.0 | 32.0 | 34.6 | 35.0 | 37.9 | 37.0 | 37.6 | 36.9 | 35.4 |
![]() |
27.2 | 28.0 | 30.4 | 28.7 | 28.5 | 29.6 | 29.2 | 31.3 | 32.3 |
![]() |
27.2 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 27.7 | 28.1 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 28.7 | 28.0 |
![]() |
25.8 | 25.4 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 26.7 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 27.4 | 26.8 |
![]() |
31.1 | 30.9 | 30.7 | 30.8 | 30.6 | 29.8 | 29.2 | 27.8 | 28.5 |
![]() |
34.2 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 34.5 | 34.0 | 33.9 | 33.5 | 32.1 | 31.9 |
![]() |
33.5 | 34.0 | 34.6 | 35.0 | 37.4 | 34.7 | 33.1 | 35.1 | 34.8 |
![]() |
25.7 | 25.3 | 24.2 | 26.1 | 23.7 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 20.9 | 20.3 |
![]() |
23.8 | 23.7 | 24.4 | 25.0 | 24.5 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 23.4 | 23.9 |
![]() |
34.0 | 34.2 | 33.7 | 34.7 | 34.6 | 34.5 | 34.1 | 33.2 | 33.0 |
![]() |
26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.9 | 26.7 | 27.6 | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.6 |
![]() |
— | — | 38.0 | 38.3 | 40.0 | 39.8 | 37.6 | 35.6 | |
![]() |
— | — | 38.5 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 36.7 | ||
![]() |
30.5 | 30.4 | 30.6 | 30.9 | 30.8 | 30.6 | 30.3 | 30.4 | |
Eurozone (EA19) | 30.6 | 30.5 | 30.7 | 31.0 | 30.7 | 30.7 | 30.4 | 30.6 |
OECD countries[edit]
Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers[edit]
Country | mid-70s | mid-80s | ~ 1990 | mid-90s | ~ 2000 | mid-2000s | Late 2000s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
0.467 | 0.476 | 0.465 | 0.469 | |||
![]() |
0.433 | 0.472 | |||||
![]() |
0.449 | 0.472 | 0.464 | 0.494 | 0.469 | ||
![]() |
0.385 | 0.395 | 0.403 | 0.430 | 0.440 | 0.436 | 0.441 |
![]() |
0.441 | 0.414 | 0.426 | ||||
![]() |
0.442 | 0.472 | 0.474 | 0.444 | |||
![]() |
0.373 | 0.396 | 0.417 | 0.415 | 0.417 | 0.416 | |
![]() |
0.504 | 0.458 | |||||
![]() |
0.343 | 0.387 | 0.479 | 0.478 | 0.483 | 0.465 | |
![]() |
0.380 | 0.370 | 0.473 | 0.490 | 0.485 | 0.483 | |
![]() |
0.439 | 0.429 | 0.459 | 0.471 | 0.499 | 0.504 | |
![]() |
0.448 | 0.426 | 0.446 | 0.466 | 0.454 | 0.436 | |
![]() |
0.452 | 0.496 | 0.463 | 0.497 | 0.466 | ||
![]() |
0.365 | 0.382 | |||||
![]() |
|||||||
![]() |
0.472 | 0.476 | 0.494 | 0.504 | 0.513 | 0.498 | |
![]() |
0.420 | 0.437 | 0.508 | 0.516 | 0.557 | 0.534 | |
![]() |
0.345 | 0.403 | 0.432 | 0.443 | 0.462 | ||
![]() |
0.383 | 0.427 | 0.421 | 0.454 | 0.482 | ||
![]() |
0.453 | 0.532 | 0.517 | 0.491 | 0.494 | ||
![]() |
0.426 | 0.473 | 0.474 | 0.484 | 0.424 | 0.426 | 0.426 |
![]() |
0.408 | 0.468 | 0.488 | 0.484 | 0.473 | 0.455 | |
![]() |
0.351 | 0.404 | 0.426 | 0.447 | 0.410 | ||
![]() |
0.542 | 0.470 | |||||
![]() |
0.457 | 0.436 | 0.490 | 0.479 | 0.542 | 0.521 | |
![]() |
0.458 | 0.416 | |||||
![]() |
0.452 | 0.423 | |||||
![]() |
0.331 | 0.344 | |||||
![]() |
0.461 | ||||||
![]() |
0.389 | 0.404 | 0.408 | 0.438 | 0.446 | 0.432 | 0.426 |
![]() |
0.409 | ||||||
![]() |
0.470 | ||||||
![]() |
0.338 | 0.419 | 0.439 | 0.453 | 0.458 | 0.445 | 0.456 |
![]() |
0.406 | 0.436 | 0.450 | 0.477 | 0.476 | 0.486 | 0.486 |
Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers[edit]
Country | mid-70s | mid-80s | ~ 1990 | mid-90s | ~ 2000 | mid-2000s | Late 2000s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
0.309 | 0.317 | 0.315 | 0.336 | |||
![]() |
0.236 | 0.238 | 0.252 | 0.265 | 0.261 | ||
![]() |
0.274 | 0.287 | 0.289 | 0.271 | 0.259 | ||
![]() |
0.304 | 0.293 | 0.287 | 0.289 | 0.318 | 0.317 | 0.324 |
![]() |
0.427 | 0.403 | 0.394 | ||||
![]() |
0.232 | 0.257 | 0.260 | 0.268 | 0.256 | ||
![]() |
0.221 | 0.226 | 0.215 | 0.226 | 0.232 | 0.248 | |
![]() |
0.349 | 0.315 | |||||
![]() |
0.235 | 0.209 | 0.218 | 0.247 | 0.254 | 0.259 | |
![]() |
0.300 | 0.290 | 0.277 | 0.287 | 0.288 | 0.293 | |
![]() |
0.251 | 0.256 | 0.266 | 0.264 | 0.285 | 0.295 | |
![]() |
0.413 | 0.336 | 0.336 | 0.345 | 0.321 | 0.307 | |
![]() |
0.273 | 0.294 | 0.293 | 0.291 | 0.272 | ||
![]() |
0.257 | 0.301 | |||||
![]() |
0.331 | 0.324 | 0.304 | 0.314 | 0.293 | ||
![]() |
0.326 | 0.329 | 0.338 | 0.347 | 0.378 | 0.371 | |
![]() |
0.309 | 0.297 | 0.348 | 0.343 | 0.352 | 0.337 | |
![]() |
0.304 | 0.323 | 0.337 | 0.321 | 0.329 | ||
![]() |
0.247 | 0.259 | 0.261 | 0.258 | 0.288 | ||
![]() |
0.452 | 0.519 | 0.507 | 0.474 | 0.476 | ||
![]() |
0.263 | 0.272 | 0.292 | 0.297 | 0.292 | 0.284 | 0.294 |
![]() |
0.271 | 0.318 | 0.335 | 0.339 | 0.335 | 0.330 | |
![]() |
0.222 | 0.243 | 0.261 | 0.276 | 0.250 | ||
![]() |
0.316 | 0.349 | 0.305 | ||||
![]() |
0.354 | 0.329 | 0.359 | 0.356 | 0.385 | 0.353 | |
![]() |
0.268 | 0.257 | |||||
![]() |
0.246 | 0.236 | |||||
![]() |
0.306 | 0.315 | |||||
![]() |
0.371 | 0.337 | 0.343 | 0.342 | 0.319 | 0.317 | |
![]() |
0.212 | 0.198 | 0.209 | 0.211 | 0.243 | 0.234 | 0.259 |
![]() |
0.279 | 0.276 | 0.303 | ||||
![]() |
0.434 | 0.490 | 0.430 | 0.409 | |||
![]() |
0.268 | 0.309 | 0.354 | 0.336 | 0.351 | 0.331 | 0.345 |
![]() |
0.316 | 0.337 | 0.348 | 0.361 | 0.357 | 0.380 | 0.378 |
See also[edit]
- List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
- List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
- List of countries by share of income of the richest one percent
Notes[edit]
- ^ Serbia is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
- ^ Montenegro is a negotiating candidate to the EU.
- ^ The political status of Kosovo is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Serbia in 2008, it is formally recognised as an independent state by 97 UN member states (with another 15 recognising it at some point but then withdrawing recognition), while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory.
References[edit]
- ^ "Gini index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2022-04-23.
- ^ Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of Italian federalism Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. By Iacopo Odoardi and Carmen Pagliari. Vol. 15 No. 1, 2011 Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Global & Local Economic Review.
- ^ The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003. December 2004. By Friedrich Schneider (University of Linz and IZA Bonn). Institute for the Study of Labor.
- ^ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". World Bank. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- ^ a b c d Monino, Jean-Louis; Sedkaoui, Soraya (2016-03-11). Data Development Mechanisms. Big Data, Open Data and Data Development. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 43–72. doi:10.1002/9781119285199.ch3. ISBN 978-1-119-28519-9. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
- ^ Distribution of family income – Gini index, The World Factbook, CIA, accessed on September 24, 2020.
- ^ "Human Development Reports". UNDP. Retrieved 2019-03-04.
- ^ a b "Gini Index coefficient – distribution of family income - The World Factbook". CIA. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
- ^ GINI Index for Montenegro (Report). 18 January 2018.
Further reading[edit]
- "An Overview of Growing Income Inequalities in OECD Countries: Main Findings" (PDF). Divided We Stand: Why Inequality Keeps Growing. OECD Publishing. December 2011. ISBN 978-92-64-11163-9. Retrieved 6 December 2011. This book released with two titles, depending on country of publication. However, the ISBN remains the same.
- "Fed's Brainard Says Middle Class Squeeze Poses Risks to Economy". May 2019. Retrieved 15 May 2019. USA's Gini index is now .482 according to Federal Reserve Governor Lael Brainard.
External links[edit]
- Global Peace Index Map of Gini data for 2007–2010
- Shadow economies all over the world : new estimates for 162 countries from 1999 to 2007. Friedrich Schneider, Andreas Buehn, Claudio E. Montenegro. July 2010. World Bank.
- Allianz Global Wealth Report 2018.