Zanabazar square script

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Zanabazar's square script
𑨢𑨆𑨏𑨳𑨋𑨆𑨬𑨳
Monggol in kebtege dorbeljin bicig.png
Script type
CreatorZanabazar
Time period
unknown
Directionleft-to-right Edit this on Wikidata
LanguagesMongolian, Tibetan, Sanskrit
Related scripts
Parent systems
ISO 15924
ISO 15924Zanb, 339 Edit this on Wikidata, ​Zanabazar Square (Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg, Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig, Horizontal Square Script)
Unicode
Unicode alias
Zanabazar Square
[a] The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon.

Zanabazar's square script is a horizontal Mongolian square script (Mongolian: Хэвтээ Дөрвөлжин бичиг, Khevtee Dörvöljin bichig or Mongolian: Хэвтээ Дөрвөлжин Үсэг, Khevtee Dörvöljin Üseg),[1] an abugida developed by the monk and scholar Zanabazar to write Mongolian. It can also be used to write Tibetan and Sanskrit.[2][3]

It was re-discovered in 1801 and the script's applications during the period of its use are not known. It was also largely based on the Tibetan alphabet, read left to right, and employed vowel diacritics above and below the consonant letters.[1]

Letters[edit]

Vowels[edit]

Vowels of horizontal square script
Type Letter Name XML entity Note
Vowel 𑨀 A 𑨀
Vowel sign 𑨁 I 𑨁
𑨂 UE 𑨂
𑨃 U 𑨃
𑨄 E 𑨄
𑨅 OE 𑨅
𑨆 O 𑨆
𑨇 AI 𑨇 or '-I'
𑨈 AU 𑨈 or '-U'
𑨉 REVERSED I 𑨉 for Sanskrit
Vowel length mark 𑨊 VOWEL LENGTH MARK 𑨊

Consonants[edit]

Consonants of horizontal square script
Letter Name XML entity Note
𑨋 KA 𑨋
𑨌 KHA 𑨌
𑨍 GA 𑨍
𑨎 GHA 𑨎
𑨏 NGA 𑨏
𑨐 CA 𑨐
𑨑 CHA 𑨑
𑨒 JA 𑨒
𑨓 NYA 𑨓
𑨔 TTA 𑨔
𑨕 TTHA 𑨕
𑨖 DDA 𑨖
𑨗 DDHA 𑨗
𑨘 NNA 𑨘
𑨙 TA 𑨙
𑨚 THA 𑨚
𑨛 DA 𑨛
𑨜 DHA 𑨜
𑨝 NA 𑨝
𑨞 PA 𑨞
𑨟 PHA 𑨟
𑨠 BA 𑨠 or instead of non-initial 𑨭 VA
𑨡 BHA 𑨡
𑨢 MA 𑨢
𑨣 TSA 𑨣
𑨤 TSHA 𑨤
𑨥 DZA 𑨥
𑨦 DZHA 𑨦
𑨧 ZHA 𑨧
𑨨 ZA 𑨨
𑨩 -A 𑨩 Mongolian AANG, Tibetan A-CHUNG
𑨪 YA 𑨪
𑨫 RA 𑨫
𑨬 LA 𑨬
𑨭 VA 𑨭
𑨮 SHA 𑨮
𑨯 SSA 𑨯
𑨰 SA 𑨰
𑨱 HA 𑨱
𑨲 KSSA 𑨲

Others[edit]

Zanabazar Square Sign.svg
Type Letter Name XML entity Note
Final consonant mark 𑨳 FINAL CONSONANT MARK 𑨳
Virama 𑨴 VIRAMA 𑨴 for Sanskrit and Tibetan
Candrabindu 𑨵 CANDRABINDU 𑨵
𑨶 CANDRABINDU WITH ORNAMENT 𑨶 often with 𑨿
𑨷 CANDRA WITH ORNAMENT 𑨷 often with 𑨿
Anusvara 𑨸 ANUSVARA 𑨸 for Sanskrit
Visarga 𑨹 VISARGA 𑨹 for Sanskrit
Cluster Letter 𑨺 CLUSTER-INITIAL LETTER RA 𑨺 for Tibetan, initial form of 𑨫
𑨻 CLUSTER-FINAL LETTER YA 𑨻 for Tibetan, final form of 𑨪
𑨼 CLUSTER-FINAL LETTER RA 𑨼 for Tibetan, final form of 𑨫
𑨽 CLUSTER-FINAL LETTER LA 𑨽 for Tibetan, final form of 𑨬
𑨾 CLUSTER-FINAL LETTER VA 𑨾 for Tibetan, final form of 𑨭
Head Mark 𑨿 INITIAL HEAD MARK 𑨿
𑩀 CLOSING HEAD MARK 𑩀
Punctuation 𑩁 MARK TSHEG 𑩁
𑩂 MARK SHAD 𑩂
𑩃 MARK DOUBLE SHAD 𑩃
𑩄 MARK LONG TSHEG 𑩄
Head Mark 𑩅 INITIAL DOUBLE-LINED HEAD MARK 𑩅
𑩆 DOUBLE-LINED HEAD MARK 𑩆
Subjoiner 𑩇 SUBJOINER 𑩇 for producing consonant conjuncts

Unicode[edit]

"Zanabazar Square" has been included in the Unicode Standard since the release of Unicode version 10.0 in June 2017. The Zanabazar Square block contains 72 characters.[4]

The Unicode block for Zanabazar Square is U+11A00–U+11A4F:

Zanabazar Square[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+11A0x 𑨀 𑨁 𑨂 𑨃 𑨄 𑨅 𑨆 𑨇 𑨈 𑨉 𑨊 𑨋 𑨌 𑨍 𑨎 𑨏
U+11A1x 𑨐 𑨑 𑨒 𑨓 𑨔 𑨕 𑨖 𑨗 𑨘 𑨙 𑨚 𑨛 𑨜 𑨝 𑨞 𑨟
U+11A2x 𑨠 𑨡 𑨢 𑨣 𑨤 𑨥 𑨦 𑨧 𑨨 𑨩 𑨪 𑨫 𑨬 𑨭 𑨮 𑨯
U+11A3x 𑨰 𑨱 𑨲 𑨳 𑨴 𑨵 𑨶 𑨷 𑨸 𑨹  𑨺‎  𑨻 𑨼 𑨽 𑨾 𑨿
U+11A4x 𑩀 𑩁 𑩂 𑩃 𑩄 𑩅 𑩆  𑩇‎ 
Notes
1.^ As of Unicode version 14.0
2.^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points

Reference[edit]

  1. ^ a b Pandey, Anshuman (2015-12-03). "L2/15-337: Proposal to Encode the Zanabazar Square Script in ISO/IEC 10646" (PDF). ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
  2. ^ Shagdarsürüng, Tseveliin (2001). ""Study of Mongolian Scripts (Graphic Study or Grammatology). Enl."". Bibliotheca Mongolica: Monograph 1.
  3. ^ Bareja-Starzyńska, Agata; Byambaa Ragchaa (2012). ""Notes on the Pre-existences of the First Khalkha Jetsundampa Zanabazar according to His Biography Written in the Horizontal Square Script."". Rocznik Orientalistyczny 1.
  4. ^ "Unicode 10.0.0". Unicode Consortium. June 20, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.

See also[edit]

External links[edit]