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Day of the year
July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 176 days remain until the end of the year.
Pre-1600 [ edit ] 1601–1900 [ edit ] 1663 – Charles II of England grants John Clarke a Royal charter to Rhode Island .1709 – Peter I of Russia defeats Charles XII of Sweden at the Battle of Poltava , thus effectively ending Sweden's status as a major power in Europe.1716 – The Battle of Dynekilen forces Sweden to abandon its invasion of Norway.1730 – An estimated magnitude 8.7 earthquake causes a tsunami that damages more than 1,000 km (620 mi) of Chile's coastline.1758 – French forces hold Fort Carillon against the British at Ticonderoga, New York .1760 – British forces defeat French forces in the last naval battle in New France .1775 – The Olive Branch Petition is signed by the Continental Congress of the Thirteen Colonies of North America.1776 – Church bells (possibly including the Liberty Bell ) are rung after John Nixon delivers the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence of the United States .1808 – Promulgation of the Bayonne Statute , a royal charter Joseph Bonaparte intended as the basis for his rule as king of Spain.1822 – Chippewas turn over a huge tract of land in Ontario to the United Kingdom.1853 – The Perry Expedition arrives in Edo Bay with a treaty requesting trade.1859 – King Charles XV & IV accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway .1864 – Ikedaya Incident : The Choshu Han shishi 's planned Shinsengumi sabotage on Kyoto , Japan at Ikedaya.1874 – The Mounties begin their March West .1876 – The Hamburg massacre prior to the 1876 United States presidential election results in the deaths of six African-Americans of the Republican Party, along with one white assailant.1879 – Sailing ship USS Jeannette departs San Francisco carrying an ill-fated expedition to the North Pole.1889 – The first issue of The Wall Street Journal 1892 – St. John's, Newfoundland is devastated in the Great Fire of 1892 .1898 – The death of crime boss Soapy Smith , killed in the Shootout on Juneau Wharf , releases Skagway, Alaska from his iron grip.1901–present [ edit ] 1912 – Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro leads an unsuccessful royalist attack against the First Portuguese Republic in Chaves .1932 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level of the Great Depression , closing at 41.22.1933 – The first rugby union test match between the Wallabies of Australia and the Springboks of South Africa is played at Newlands Stadium in Cape Town .1937 – Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Afghanistan sign the Treaty of Saadabad .1947 – Reports are broadcast that a UFO crash-landed in Roswell, New Mexico in what became known as the Roswell UFO incident .1948 – The United States Air Force accepts its first female recruits into a program called Women in the Air Force (WAF).1960 – Francis Gary Powers is charged with espionage resulting from his flight over the Soviet Union .1962 – Ne Win besieges and blows up the Rangoon University Student Union building to crush the Student Movement .1966 – King Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi is deposed by his son Prince Charles Ndizi .1968 – The Chrysler wildcat strike begins in Detroit, Michigan .1970 – Richard Nixon delivers a special congressional message enunciating Native American self-determination as official US Indian policy, leading to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 .1972 – Israeli Mossad assassinate Palestinian writer Ghassan Kanafani .1980 – The inaugural 1980 State of Origin game is won by Queensland who defeat New South Wales 20–10 at Lang Park .1980 – Aeroflot Flight 4225 crashes near Almaty International Airport in the then Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (present day Kazakhstan ) killing all 166 people on board.[1]
1982 – A failed assassination attempt against Iraqi president Saddam Hussein results in the Dujail Massacre over the next several months.1988 – The Island Express train travelling from Bangalore to Kanyakumari derails on the Peruman bridge and falls into Ashtamudi Lake , killing 105 passengers and injuring over 200 more.1994 – Kim Jong-il begins to assume supreme leadership of North Korea upon the death of his father, Kim Il-sung .2003 – Sudan Airways Flight 139 crashes near Port Sudan Airport during an emergency landing attempt, killing 116 of the 117 people on board.[2] 2011 – Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched in the final mission of the U.S. Space Shuttle program.[3] 2014 – Israel launches an offensive on Gaza amid rising tensions following the kidnapping and murder of three Israeli teenagers .[4] 2021 – President Joe Biden announces that the official conclusion of the U.S. involvement in the War in Afghanistan will be on August 31, 2021.[5] Pre-1600 [ edit ] 1601–1900 [ edit ] 1621 – Jean de La Fontaine , French author and poet (d. 1695)[11] 1760 – Christian Kramp , French mathematician and academic (d. 1826)1766 – Dominique Jean Larrey , French surgeon (d. 1842)1779 – Giorgio Pullicino , Maltese painter and architect (d. 1851)1819 – Francis Leopold McClintock , Irish admiral and explorer (d. 1907)1830 – Frederick W. Seward , American lawyer and politician, 6th United States Assistant Secretary of State (d. 1915)1831 – John Pemberton , American chemist and pharmacist, invented Coca-Cola (d. 1888)1836 – Joseph Chamberlain , English businessman and politician, Secretary of State for the Colonies (d. 1914)1838 – Eli Lilly , American soldier, chemist, and businessman, founded Eli Lilly and Company (d. 1898)1838 – Ferdinand von Zeppelin , German general and businessman, founded the Zeppelin Airship Company (d. 1917)
1839 – John D. Rockefeller , American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Standard Oil Company (d. 1937)1851 – Arthur Evans , English archaeologist and academic (d. 1941)1851 – John Murray , Australian politician, 23rd Premier of Victoria (d. 1916)
1857 – Alfred Binet , French psychologist and graphologist (d. 1911)1867 – Käthe Kollwitz , German painter and sculptor (d. 1945)1876 – Alexandros Papanastasiou , Greek sociologist and politician, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1936)1882 – Percy Grainger , Australian-American pianist and composer (d. 1961)1885 – Ernst Bloch , German philosopher, author, and academic (d. 1977)1885 – Hugo Boss , German fashion designer, founded Hugo Boss (d. 1948)
1890 – Stanton Macdonald-Wright , American painter (d. 1973)1892 – Richard Aldington , English author and poet (d. 1962)1892 – Pavel Korin , Russian painter (d. 1967)
1893 – R. Carlyle Buley , American historian and author (d. 1968)1894 – Pyotr Kapitsa , Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)1895 – Igor Tamm , Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)1898 – Melville Ruick , American actor (d. 1972)1900 – George Antheil , American pianist, composer, and author (d. 1959)1901–present [ edit ] 1904 – Henri Cartan , French mathematician and academic (d. 2008)1905 – Leonid Amalrik , Russian animator and director (d. 1997)1906 – Philip Johnson , American architect, designed the IDS Center and PPG Place (d. 2005)1907 – George W. Romney , American businessman and politician, 43rd Governor of Michigan (d. 1995)1908 – Louis Jordan , American singer-songwriter, saxophonist, and actor (d. 1975)1908 – Nelson Rockefeller , American businessman and politician, 41st Vice President of the United States (d. 1979)
1908 – V. K. R. Varadaraja Rao , Indian economist, politician, professor and educator (d. 1991)
1909 – Alan Brown , English soldier (d. 1971)1909 – Ike Petersen , American football back (d. 1995)
1910 – Carlos Betances Ramírez , Puerto Rican general (d. 2001)1911 – Ken Farnes , English cricketer (d. 1941)1913 – Alejandra Soler , Spanish politician (d. 2017)1914 – Jyoti Basu , Indian politician, 6th Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 2010)1914 – Billy Eckstine , American singer and trumpet player (d. 1993)
1915 – Neil D. Van Sickle , American Air Force major general (d. 2019)1915 – Lowell English , United States Marine Corps general (d. 2005)
1916 – Jean Rouverol , American author, actress and screenwriter (d. 2017)1917 – Pamela Brown , English actress (d. 1975)1917 – Faye Emerson , American actress (d. 1983)[12]
1917 – J. F. Powers , American novelist and short story writer (d. 1999)
1918 – Paul B. Fay , American businessman, soldier, and diplomat, 12th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 2009)1918 – Irwin Hasen , American illustrator (d. 2015)
1918 – Oluf Reed-Olsen , Norwegian resistance member and pilot (d. 2002)
1918 – Julia Pirie , British spy working for MI5 (d. 2008)
1918 – Edward B. Giller , American Major General (d. 2017)
1918 – Craig Stevens , American actor (d. 2000)
1919 – Walter Scheel , German soldier and politician, 4th President of West Germany (d. 2016)1920 – Godtfred Kirk Christiansen , Danish businessman (d. 1995)1921 – John Money , New Zealand psychologist and sexologist, responsible for controversial sexual identity study on David Reimer (d. 2006)[13] 1923 – Harrison Dillard , American sprinter and hurdler (d. 2019)1923 – Val Bettin , American actor (d. 2021)[14]
1924 – Johnnie Johnson , American pianist and songwriter (d. 2005)1924 – Charles C. Droz , American politician
1925 – Marco Cé , Italian cardinal (d. 2014)1925 – Arthur Imperatore Sr. , Italian-American businessman (d. 2020)
1925 – Bill Mackrides , American football quarterback (d. 2019)
1925 – Dominique Nohain , French actor, screenwriter and director (d. 2017)
1926 – David Malet Armstrong , Australian philosopher and author (d. 2014)1926 – John Dingell , American lieutenant and politician (d. 2019)
1926 – Martin Riesen , Swiss professional ice hockey goaltender (d. 2003)
1926 – Elisabeth Kübler-Ross , Swiss-American psychiatrist and author (d. 2004)
1927 – Maurice Hayes , Irish educator and politician (d. 2017)1927 – Khensur Lungri Namgyel , Tibetan religious leader
1927 – Bob Beckham , American country singer (d. 2013)
1928 – Balakh Sher Mazari , former prime minister of Pakistan1930 – Jerry Vale , American singer (d. 2014)1933 – Antonio Lamer , Canadian lawyer and politician, 16th Chief Justice of Canada (d. 2007)1934 – Raquel Correa , Chilean journalist (d. 2012)1934 – Marty Feldman , English actor and screenwriter (d. 1982)
1934 – Edward D. DiPrete , American politician
1935 – John David Crow , American football player and coach (d. 2015)1935 – Steve Lawrence , American actor and singer
1935 – Vitaly Sevastyanov , Russian engineer and cosmonaut (d. 2010)
1938 – Diane Clare , English actress (d. 2013)1939 – Ed Lumley , Canadian businessman and politician, 8th Canadian Minister of Communications 1940 – Joe B. Mauldin , American bass player and songwriter (d. 2015)1941 – Dario Gradi , Italian-English footballer, coach, and manager1942 – Phil Gramm , American economist and politician1944 – Jaimoe , American drummer1944 – Jeffrey Tambor , American actor and singer
1945 – Micheline Calmy-Rey , Swiss politician, 91st President of the Swiss Confederation 1947 – Kim Darby , American actress1947 – Jenny Diski , English author and screenwriter (d. 2016)
1947 – Luis Fernando Figari , Peruvian religious leader, founded the Sodalitium Christianae Vitae
1948 – Raffi , Egyptian-Canadian singer-songwriter1948 – Ruby Sales , American civil-rights activist
1949 – Wolfgang Puck , Austrian-American chef, restaurateur and entrepreneur1949 – Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy , Indian politician, 14th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (d. 2009)
1951 – Alan Ashby , American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster1951 – Anjelica Huston , American actress and director
1952 – Larry Garner , American singer-songwriter and guitarist1952 – Jack Lambert , American football player and sportscaster
1952 – Marianne Williamson , American author and activist
1956 – Terry Puhl , Canadian baseball player and coach1957 – Carlos Cavazo , Mexican-American guitarist and songwriter1957 – Aleksandr Gurnov , Russian journalist and author
1958 – Kevin Bacon , American actor and musician1958 – Andreas Carlgren , Swedish educator and politician, 8th Swedish Minister for the Environment
1958 – Tzipi Livni , Israeli lawyer and politician, 18th Justice Minister of Israel
1959 – Pauline Quirke , English actress1960 – Mal Meninga , Australian rugby league player and coach1961 – Ces Drilon , Filipino journalist1961 – Andrew Fletcher , English keyboard player
1961 – Toby Keith , American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
1961 – Karl Seglem , Norwegian saxophonist and record producer
1962 – Joan Osborne , American singer-songwriter and guitarist1963 – Mark Christopher , American director and screenwriter1964 – Alexei Gusarov , Russian ice hockey player and manager1965 – Dan Levinson , American clarinet player, saxophonist, and bandleader1966 – Ralf Altmeyer , German-Chinese virologist and academic1966 – Shadlog Bernicke , Nauruan politician
1967 – Jordan Chan , Hong Kong actor and singer1968 – Billy Crudup , American actor1968 – Shane Howarth , New Zealand rugby player and coach
1969 – Sugizo , Japanese singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer1970 – Beck , American singer-songwriter and producer1970 – Sylvain Gaudreault , Canadian educator and politician[15]
1970 – Todd Martin , American tennis player and coach
1971 – Neil Jenkins , Welsh rugby player and coach1972 – Karl Dykhuis , Canadian ice hockey player1972 – Sourav Ganguly , Indian cricketer[16]
1972 – Shōsuke Tanihara , Japanese actor[17]
1974 – Hu Liang , Chinese field hockey player1976 – Talal El Karkouri , Moroccan footballer1976 – Ellen MacArthur , English sailor
1977 – Christian Abbiati , Italian footballer1977 – Paolo Tiralongo , Italian cyclist
1977 – Milo Ventimiglia , American actor, director, and producer
1977 – Wang Zhizhi , Chinese basketball player
1978 – Urmas Rooba , Estonian footballer
1979 – Mat McBriar , American football player1979 – Ben Jelen , Scottish-American singer-songwriter
1980 – Eric Chouinard , American-Canadian ice hockey player1980 – Robbie Keane , Irish footballer
1981 – Wolfram Müller , German runner1981 – Anastasia Myskina , Russian tennis player
1982 – Shonette Azore-Bruce , Barbadian netball player[18] 1982 – Sophia Bush , American actress and director
1982 – Hakim Warrick , American basketball player
1983 – John Bowker , American baseball player1983 – Rich Peverley , Canadian ice hockey player[19]
1986 – Renata Costa , Brazilian footballer1988 – Miki Roqué , Spanish footballer (d. 2012)[20] 1988 – Jesse Sergent , New Zealand cyclist
1989 – Yarden Gerbi , Israeli Judo champion1989 – Tor Marius Gromstad , Norwegian footballer (d. 2012)
1991 – Virgil van Dijk , Dutch footballer1992 – Ariel Camacho , Mexican singer-songwriter (d. 2015)1992 – Son Heung-min , Korean footballer
1997 – Bryce Love , American football player1998 – Jaden Smith , American actor and rapper[21] Pre-1600 [ edit ] 1601–1900 [ edit ] 1623 – Pope Gregory XV (b. 1554)1689 – Edward Wooster , English-American settler (b. 1622)1695 – Christiaan Huygens , Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (b. 1629)1716 – Robert South , English preacher and theologian (b. 1634)1721 – Elihu Yale , American-English merchant and philanthropist (b. 1649)1784 – Torbern Bergman , Swedish chemist and mineralogist (b. 1735)1794 – Richard Mique , French architect (b. 1728)1820 – Octavia Taylor , daughter of Zachary Taylor (b. 1816)1822 – Percy Bysshe Shelley , English poet and playwright (b. 1792)1850 – Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (b. 1774)1859 – Oscar I of Sweden (b. 1799)[23] 1873 – Franz Xaver Winterhalter , German painter and lithographer (b. 1805)1887 – Ben Holladay , American businessman (b. 1819)1895 – Johann Josef Loschmidt , Austrian chemist and physicist (b. 1821)1901–present [ edit ] 1905 – Walter Kittredge , American violinist and composer (b. 1834)1913 – Louis Hémon , French-Canadian author (b. 1880)1917 – Tom Thomson , Canadian painter (b. 1877)1930 – Joseph Ward , Australian-New Zealand businessman and politician, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1856)1933 – Anthony Hope , English author and playwright (b. 1863)1934 – Benjamin Baillaud , French astronomer and academic (b. 1848)1939 – Havelock Ellis , English psychologist and author (b. 1859)1941 – Moses Schorr , Polish rabbi, historian, and politician (b. 1874)1942 – Louis Franchet d'Espèrey , Algerian-French general (b. 1856)1942 – Refik Saydam , Turkish physician and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1881)
1943 – Jean Moulin , French soldier (b. 1899)1950 – Othmar Spann , Austrian sociologist, economist, and philosopher (b. 1878)1952 – August Alle , Estonian lawyer, author, and poet (b. 1890)1956 – Giovanni Papini , Italian journalist, author, and critic (b. 1881)1965 – Thomas Sigismund Stribling , American lawyer and author (b. 1881)1968 – Désiré Mérchez , French swimmer and water polo player (b. 1882)1971 – Kurt Reidemeister , German mathematician connected to the Vienna Circle (b. 1893)1972 – Ghassan Kanafani , Palestinian writer and politician (b. 1936)1973 – Gene L. Coon , American screenwriter and producer (b. 1924)1973 – Ben-Zion Dinur , Russian-Israeli educator and politician, 4th Education Minister of Israel (b. 1884)
1973 – Wilfred Rhodes , English cricketer and coach (b. 1877)
1979 – Sin-Itiro Tomonaga , Japanese physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1906)1979 – Michael Wilding , English actor (b. 1912)
1979 – Robert Burns Woodward , American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
1981 – Joe McDonnell (hunger striker) , Irish Republican Army member (b. 1951)[24]
1981 – Bill Hallahan , American baseball player (b. 1902)1985 – Phil Foster , American actor and screenwriter (b. 1913)1985 – Jean-Paul Le Chanois , French actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1909)
1986 – Skeeter Webb , American baseball player and manager (b. 1909)1986 – Hyman G. Rickover, American admiral, Father of the Nuclear Navy (b. 1900)
1987 – Lionel Chevrier , Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Canadian Minister of Justice (b. 1903)1987 – Gerardo Diego , Spanish poet and author (b. 1896)
1988 – Ray Barbuti , American runner and football player (b. 1905)1990 – Howard Duff , American actor (b. 1913)1991 – James Franciscus , American actor (b. 1934)1994 – Christian-Jaque , French director and screenwriter (b. 1904)1994 – Kim Il-sung , North Korean commander and politician, President of North Korea (b. 1912)
1994 – Lars-Eric Lindblad , Swedish-American businessman and explorer (b. 1927)
1994 – Dick Sargent , American actor (b. 1930)
1996 – Irene Prador , Austrian-born actress and writer (b. 1911)1998 – Lilí Álvarez , Spanish tennis player, author, and feminist (b. 1905)[25] 1999 – Pete Conrad , American captain, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1930)2001 – John O'Shea , New Zealand director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1920)2002 – Ward Kimball , American animator and trombonist (b. 1914)2004 – Paula Danziger , American author and educator (b. 1944)2005 – Maurice Baquet , French actor and cellist (b. 1911)2006 – June Allyson , American actress and singer (b. 1917)2007 – Chandra Shekhar , Indian lawyer and politician, 9th Prime Minister of India (b. 1927)2007 – Jack B. Sowards , American screenwriter and producer (b. 1929)
2008 – John Templeton , American-born British businessman and philanthropist (b. 1912)2009 – Midnight , American singer-songwriter (b. 1962)2011 – Roberts Blossom , American actor and poet (b. 1924)2011 – Betty Ford , First Lady of the United States (b. 1918)
2012 – Muhammed bin Saud Al Saud , Saudi Arabian politician (b. 1934)2012 – Ernest Borgnine , American actor (b. 1917)
2012 – Gyang Dalyop Datong , Nigerian physician and politician (b. 1959)
2012 – Martin Pakledinaz , American costume designer (b. 1953)
2013 – Dick Gray , American baseball player (b. 1931)2013 – Edmund Morgan , American historian and author (b. 1916)
2013 – Claudiney Ramos , Brazilian footballer (b. 1980)
2013 – Rubby Sherr , American physicist and academic (b. 1913)
2013 – Sundri Uttamchandani , Indian author (b. 1924)
2013 – Brett Walker , American songwriter and producer (b. 1961)
2014 – Plínio de Arruda Sampaio , Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1930)2014 – John V. Evans , American soldier and politician, 27th Governor of Idaho (b. 1925)
2014 – Ben Pangelinan , Guamanian businessman and politician (b. 1956)
2014 – Howard Siler , American bobsledder and coach (b. 1945)
2014 – Tom Veryzer , American baseball player (b. 1953)
2015 – Ken Stabler , American football player and sportscaster (b. 1945)2015 – James Tate , American poet (b. 1943)
2016 – Abdul Sattar Edhi , Pakistani philanthropist (b. 1928)2018 – Tab Hunter , American actor, pop singer, film producer and author (b. 1931)[26] 2020 – Naya Rivera , American actress, model and singer (b. 1987)[27] 2020 – Alex Pullin , Australian snowboarder (b. 1987)[28] Holidays and observances [ edit ] References [ edit ]
^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Tupolev Tu-154B-2 CCCP-85355 Alma-Ata Airport (ALA)" . aviation-safety.net . Aviation Safety Network . Retrieved 2021-06-08 . {{cite web }}: CS1 maint: url-status (link )^ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 737-2J8C ST-AFK Port Sudan" . aviation-safety.net . Retrieved 2019-07-02 . ^ Administrator, NASA Content (2015-04-07). "NASA'S Final Space Shuttle Mission Begins With Atlantis' Launch" . NASA . Retrieved 2021-07-08 . ^ "Three Israelis 'confess to killing Palestinian teenager' . The Guardian . 2014-07-07. Retrieved 2021-07-08 .^ Miller, Zeke; Aamer Madhani (July 8, 2021). " . APNews.com . Retrieved July 8, 2021 . ^ Stanley Hochman (1984). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes ISBN 978-0-07-079169-5 ^ Alexandre Dumas (1910). The page of the Duke of Savoy ^ De Caro, Gaspare (1969). "Alberto Bolognetti". Dizionario biografico degli italiani ^ Juan Antonio Llorente (1843). The History of the Inquisition of Spain: From the Time of Its Establishment to the Reign of Ferdinand VII., Composed from the Original Documents of the Archives of the Supreme Council and from Those of Subordinate Tribunals of the Holy Office ^ Delia Gaze (3 April 2013). Concise Dictionary of Women Artists ISBN 978-1-136-59901-9 ^ Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (1840). Montaigne, Rabelais, Corneille, Rochefoucauld, Moliere, La Fontaine, Pascal, Madame De Sévigné, Boileau, Racine, Fénélon ^ Newcomb, Horace (2014). Encyclopedia of Television ISBN 978-1-135-19472-7 ^ Carey, Benedict (11 July 2006). "John William Money, 84, Sexual Identity Researcher, Dies" . The New York Times . ^ Valentine John Bettin, 1923–2021 ^ "Biography" . Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec .^ Chitra Garg (2010). Indian Champions: Profiles of Famous Indian Sportspersons ISBN 978-81-7028-852-7 ^ "谷原章介プロフィール" . Japan Music Entertainment. Archived from the original on 2008-02-03. Retrieved 2008-02-25 .^ "Netball | Athlete Profile: Shonette AZORE-BRUCE - Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games" . results.gc2018.com . Retrieved 18 October 2020 .^ "Rich Peverley Stats" . NHL . Retrieved 11 March 2019 .^ "Former Liverpool FC defender Miki Roque dies at the age of 23" . Click Liverpool. 24 June 2012. Archived from the original on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2012 .^ "Jaden Smith Biography" . Biography . Retrieved May 24, 2018.^ Rosenthal, Franz , ed. (1985). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXVIII: The Return of the Caliphate to Baghdad: The Caliphates of al-Muʿtaḍid, al-Muktafī and al-Muqtadir, A.D. 892–915/A.H. 279–302 ISBN 978-0-87395-876-9 ^ "Oscar I | king of Sweden and Norway" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 15 December 2020 .^ "Roll of Honor/Hunger Strikers" . 6 May 2014.^ Riaño González, Catalina. "Elia María González Álvarez y López-Chicheri" . Real Academia de la Historia (Royal Academy of History) (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-08-03 . ^ "Tab Hunter" . Newsday Entertainment/Celebrities . 2018-08-10.^ Aiello, McKenna (July 13, 2020). "Naya Rivera Dead at 33: Actress' Body Recovered 5 Days After Boating Accident" . E! Online . Retrieved July 13, 2020 . ^ "Famous Deaths on July 8" . On This Day . Retrieved 2020-08-25 .
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