Orlan-10

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Orlan-10
UAV Orlan-10.JPG
An Orlan-10 on display
Role Reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle
National origin Russia
Manufacturer Special Technology Center (STC)
Introduction 2010
Status In service
Primary users Russian Ground Forces
Tatmadaw[1]
Kazakhstan State Committee for National Security[2][3]
Armed Forces of Kazakhstan[4]
Number built >1000

The Orlan-10 (Russian: Орлан-10) is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by the Special Technology Center (STC) in Saint Petersburg for the Russian Armed Forces.[5][6]

The price per system, which includes multiple drones and a control unit, is reportedly between USD $87,000 to USD $120,000.[7] It is usually used in groups of two or three, in which the first is used for reconnaissance at a height of 1,000 to 1,500 metres (3,300 to 4,900 ft), the second for electronic warfare and the third as a transponder which transmits information to the control center.[7] One system can include up to five vehicles.[8]

More than 1,000 Orlan-10s have been produced, with 11 different variations.[9] Over 50 UAVs were delivered for export in 2021.[10] The Orlan-10 features a composite hull that reduces its radar signature.[11] It has seen action in Ukraine, Syria, Libya and Nagorno-Karabakh.[12][13] According to media reports, an updated variant of Orlan-10 tactical UAV was to enter service with the Russia's ground forces in 2020. The updated variant is expected to have a laser designator to allow it to pinpoint targets for precision-guided artillery and aircraft munitions.[14]

Operational history[edit]

Ukraine[edit]

Orlan-10 on the launch catapult

War in Donbass[edit]

The Orlan-10 is reportedly being used in the War in Donbas. In this conflict aerial reconnaissance by unmanned aerial vehicles is banned by the Minsk agreements.[7] Ukrainian officials have claimed to have had shot down or captured several UAVs of this type since 2014:

  • In May 2014 Ukrainian officials reported that they had shot down an Orlan-10 in Ukraine.[6][15]
  • In July 2014 Ukrainian forces shot down two UAVs of this type – No. 10212 near Zelenopillia[16] and No. 10237 near Amvrosiivka.[17]
  • In August 2014 another Orlan-10 (No. 10215) was shot down by the Ukrainian forces with Strela-10 SAM system.[18]
  • In April 2016 the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) published a video of the UAV (No. 10264) which it claimed to have shot down near Avdiivka.[19]
  • In November 2016 Ukrainian officials stated that they had retrieved an Orlan-10 (No. 10332) drifting on the Azov Sea near Mariupol.[20]
  • In September 2017 an Orlan-10 (No. 11057) fell down on Ukrainian territory and was captured by Ukrainian forces.[21]
  • On 28 December 2017 Ukrainian troops shot down another Orlan-10 near Toretsk.[7]
  • On 10 January 2018 Ukrainian troops shot down another Orlan-10.[22]
  • On 16 August 2018 an unidentified UAV, similar to the Orlan-10, was shot down by Ukrainian anti-aircraft fire over Pervomaisk.[23][24]
  • On 13 October 2018 an Orlan-10 was shot down by a Ukrainian Mi-24 helicopter using gunfire near Lysychansk.[25][26]
  • On 19 November 2018 an Orlan-10 UAV was shot down by Ukrainian air defense forces.[27] RB-341V Leer-3 electronic warfare systems, which can control up to three Orlan-10 drones, were also spotted in Ukraine by OSCE in 2018 and 2020.[28][29]

Invasion of Ukraine, 2022[edit]

An upgraded version of the Orlan-10 was reportedly used in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Several have been shot down in combat during the war[30][31] by a UK-supplied Martlet missile. [32]

Syria[edit]

The Orlan-10 is being actively used by the Russian Ground Forces in the Syrian Civil War for either reconnaissance, collecting aerial imagery or 3D-mapping in support of humanitarian convoys and S&R operations.[33]

In November 2015, an Orlan-10 located the surviving member of a downed Russian Su-24M2 bomber and facilitated his speedy recovery.[33]

On 10 March 2020, an Orlan-10 drone was shot down by Syrian rebels in Suluk, Raqqa Governorate.[34]

Belarus[edit]

In early February 2022, an Orlan-10 drone crashed near Brest.[35][36]

Romania[edit]

On 13 March 2022, an Orlan-10 was found on a field in Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania. It was initially thought to be a drone owned by a private person in Romania, however it was soon identified as a Russian-made Orlan-10. The investigation is ongoing.[37][38] According to the Ukrainian Air Force, the drone belongs to the Russian army.[39]

Specifications[edit]

UAV Orlan-10 lands by parachute

Data from[citation needed]

General characteristics

  • Capacity: 6 kg (13 lb) payload
  • Max takeoff weight: 15 kg (33 lb)
  • Launch method: folding catapult platform
  • Landing method: parachute recovery
  • Max. wind speed at launch: 10 m/s
  • Operational temperature range: −30 to +40 °C
  • Powerplant: 1 × Saito Manufacturing FA-62B single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline piston engine, 0.71 kW (0.95 hp)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 245 km/h (152 mph, 132 kn)
  • Combat range: 1,400 km (870 mi, 760 nmi)
  • Ferry range: 600 km (370 mi, 320 nmi)
  • Endurance: 16 hours
  • Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,000 ft)

Avionics


Gallery[edit]

Orlan-10 system in use during the Slavic Brotherhood 2018 war games
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-06.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-07.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-08.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-09.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-10.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-11.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-12.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-13.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-14.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-15.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-16.jpg
  • SlavicBrotherhood2018-17.jpg

References[edit]

  1. ^ "First Export of Russian Orlan-E Drones Goes to Myanmar".
  2. ^ "Kyrgyzstan to acquire Bayraktar TB2 UAVs from Turkey".
  3. ^ "ЦАМТО / / Киргизия заказала 6 БЛА «Орлан-10Е» и 3 «Байрактар TB2»".
  4. ^ "Russia delivers combat aircraft, missile systems to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan this year".
  5. ^ "Russia to produce its own unmanned vehicles". unmanned.co.uk. July 20, 2011. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved May 31, 2014.
  6. ^ a b Simon Ostrovsky (30 May 2014). "Ukraine Says it Shot Down a Russian Spy Drone". Vice. Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  7. ^ a b c d Ukrainian troops shoot down Russian drone in ATO zone, UNIAN (29 December 2017)
  8. ^ "ЦАМТО / Новости / В Приморском крае мотострелки ВВО получили завершающую партию комплексов БЛА "Орлан-10"".
  9. ^ "Уникальная отечественная разработка: эксклюзивные кадры с испытаний "Орланов" под Петербургом". Zvezda (TV channel). 2018-03-09. Archived from the original on 2019-03-21. Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  10. ^ "Russia's state arms exporter to offer kamikaze drones, heavy UAVs to foreign customers".
  11. ^ "Russia: Northeastern Forces operate Orlan-10 drones". Archived from the original on 2019-03-22. Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  12. ^ "Janes | Latest defence and security news". Archived from the original on 2019-05-03. Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  13. ^ "Russian peacekeepers use latest drones, video conferencing systems in Karabakh".
  14. ^ "Russia to bring new Orlan UAV variant into service next year". Jane's 360. 3 October 2019. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  15. ^ "У зоні проведення АТО припинено несанкціонований політ російського безпілотника" (in Ukrainian). Security Service of Ukraine. 30 May 2017. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  16. ^ Seleznev, Vladislav (2014-07-13). "(Facebook post by SBU official regarding a shot down Orlan-10)". Facebook (in Russian). Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  17. ^ "Під Амвросіївкою військові збили черговий російський безпілотник" (in Ukrainian). Espreso.tv. 23 July 2017. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  18. ^ "(Official Facebook post)" (in Ukrainian). Press-centre of the Anti-Terrorist Operation (ATO) of Ukraine. 2014-08-01. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  19. ^ "У районі Авдіївки збито безпілотник російських військових" (in Ukrainian). Security Service of Ukraine. 8 April 2017. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  20. ^ Russian drone retrieved from Azov Sea near Mariupol coast (photos, video) Archived 2016-11-07 at the Wayback Machine, UNIAN (7 November 2016)
  21. ^ "Украина опубликовала фото упавшего "российского беспилотника"" (in Russian). Дождь. 17 September 2017. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  22. ^ Another Russian drone downed by Ukraine troops in Donbas, second since Christmas truce, UNIAN (12 January 2018)
  23. ^ "ООС: сводные данные – 17 августа 2018". mediarnbo.org. 17 August 2018. Archived from the original on 17 August 2018. Retrieved 5 May 2019.
  24. ^ "Засобами ППО Об'єднаних сил збито російський безпілотний літальний апарат". Операція об'єднаних сил / Joint Forces Operation (official channel) (in Ukrainian). 17 Aug 2018.
  25. ^ "Official Facebook post" (in Ukrainian). Press-centre of Joint Forces Operation of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 14 October 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
  26. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-12-09. Retrieved 2019-05-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  27. ^ "Ukraine's air defense unit shoots down Russian Orlan-10 drone in Donbas (Photo)". Archived from the original on 2019-04-28. Retrieved 2019-05-18.
  28. ^ OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (11 August 2018). "Latest from the OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (SMM), based on information received as of 19:30, 10 August 2018". www.osce.org. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  29. ^ OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine (12 March 2020). "Daily Report 60/2020". www.osce.org. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  30. ^ "The Russians increased the flight altitude of the Eagles to 5500-6500 meters - Commander of the 58th Brigade". Ukrainian Military Center. 2022-01-09. Archived from the original on 2022-03-05. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
  31. ^ Joseph Trevithick (2022-03-05). "The Russian Air Force Just Had A Terrible Day Over Ukraine". The Drive. Archived from the original on 2022-03-05. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
  32. ^ "First Russian drone destroyed by a new British Martlet missile in Ukraine". www.aerotime.aero. AreoTime Hub. 11 April 2022. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  33. ^ a b As of June 9th 2021 an Orlan 10 killed a prominent HTS member known as Abu Khalid al-Shami "Russian UAVs in Syria". bmpd.livejournal.com. 3 May 2017. Archived from the original on 27 October 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  34. ^ "Opposition factions shot down a Russian reconnaissance plane in the countryside of Raqqa]" (in Arabic).
  35. ^ "The Insider: Przechwycony na Białorusi dron jest rosyjski, a nie ukraiński".
  36. ^ "Zwiadowczy dron rozbił się na poligonie przy".
  37. ^ "Reports of Russian drone landing in Romania". Ukrinform. 14 March 2022.
  38. ^ Cristiana Sabău (14 March 2022). "Cazul "drona căzută la Tărpiu" va fi cercetat de Parchetul de pe lângă Curtea de Apel Cluj". TimpOnline (in Romanian).
  39. ^ Cosmin Stăniloiu (15 March 2022). "Aviația ucraineană spune că drona căzută lângă Bistrița e a armatei ruse. O alta, care a survolat Polonia, e fost doborâtă". Libertatea (in Romanian).
  40. ^ Bill Bostock (11 April 2022). "Video shows Ukrainian soldier taking apart a Russian drone and discovering its components include a plastic bottle top for a fuel cap". Business Insider. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  41. ^ David Hambling (11 April 2022). "Russia's Deadly Artillery Drones Have A Strange Secret". Forbes. Retrieved 11 April 2022.
  42. ^ a b "Unboxing" of Russian "Orlan" on YouTube
  43. ^ David Baker (12 April 2022). "Ukrainians discover Canon DSLR in camera array of dismantled Russian drone". DIYPhotography. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
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