List of multiplanetary systems
From the total of 3,694 stars known to have exoplanets (as of May 1, 2022), there are a total of 822 known multiplanetary systems,[1] or stars with at least three confirmed planets, beyond the Solar System. The stars with the most confirmed planets are Sol (the Solar System's star, also referred to as the Sun) and Kepler-90 with 8 confirmed planets each, followed by TRAPPIST-1 with 7 planets. The star with the most candidate planets is HD 10180, with a maximum of 9 planets[2] – 6 confirmed and 3 candidates.
The 822 multiplanetary systems are listed below according to the star's distance from Earth. Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Solar System, has three planets (b and c and d). The nearest system with four or more confirmed planets is Tau Ceti, with four known. The farthest confirmed multiplanetary system is OGLE-2012-BLG-0026L, at 13,300 ly away.[citation needed]
The table below contains information about the coordinates, spectral and physical properties, and number of confirmed planets. The two most important stellar properties are mass and metallicity because they determine how these planetary systems form. Systems with higher mass and metallicity tend to have more planets and more massive planets.[citation needed] However, although low metallicity stars tend to have fewer massive planets, particularly hot-Jupiters, they also tend to have a larger number of close in planets, orbiting at less than 1 AU.[3]
Multiplanetary systems[edit]
Color indicates number of planets | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 (x) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
Star |
Constellation |
Right ascension |
Declination |
Apparent magnitude |
Distance (ly) |
Spectral type |
Mass (M☉) |
Temperature (K) |
Age (Gyr) |
Confirmed (unconfirmed) planets |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sun | – | - | - | −26.74 | 1.6 × 10−5 | G2V | 1 | 5778 | 4.572 | 8 (1) | Pluto was considered as the ninth planet from its discovery in 1930 to 2006, but is now considered to be a dwarf planet instead, along with Ceres, Haumea, Makemake and Eris. The hypothesised Planet Nine remains unconfirmed. |
Proxima Centauri | Centaurus | 14h 29m 42.94853s | −62° 40′ 46.1631″ | 10.43 to 11.11[4] | 4.244 | M5.5Ve | 0.122 | 3042 | 4.85 | 3 | Closest star to the Sun and closest star to the Sun with a multiplanetary system. Planet b is potentially habitable. Planet c unconfirmed by RV data, but nonetheless undisputed by astrometry. |
Lalande 21185 | Ursa Major | 11h 03m 20.1940s | +35° 58′ 11.5682″ | 7.520 | 8.3044±0.0007 | M2V | 0.39 | 3601±51 | 8.047 | 2 (1) | - |
Lacaille 9352 | Piscis Austrinus | 23h 05m 52.04s | −35° 51′ 11.05″ | 7.34 | 10.721 | M0.5V | 0.486 | 3688±86 | 4.57 | 2 (1) | - |
Luyten's Star | Canis Minor | 07h 27m 24.4991s | 05° 13′ 32.827″ | 9.872 | 11.20 | M3.5V | 0.26 | 3150 | unknown | 2 (2) | Stellar activity level and rotational rate suggest an age higher than 8 Gyr. Planet b is potentially habitable. |
YZ Ceti | Cetus | 01h 12m 30.64s | −16° 59′ 56.3″ | 12.07 | 11.74 | M4.5V | 0.13 | 3056 | 4 | 3 (1) | - |
Tau Ceti | Cetus | 01h 44m 05.13s | −15° 56′ 22.4″ | 3.49 | 11.905 | G8V | 0.783 | 5344 | 5.8 | 4 (4) | Were planets b, c, d, and "i" confirmed, would have a total of 8 planets. Planet f is potentially habitable. Closest system to the Sun with exactly four confirmed planets, and closest G-type star to the Sun with exoplanets. |
Gliese 1061 | Horologium | 03h 35m 59.69s | −44° 30′ 45.3″ | 13.03 | 12.04 | M5.5V | 0.113 | 2953 | unknown | 3 | Planets c and d are potentially habitable. |
Wolf 1061 | Ophiuchus | 16h 30m 18.0584s | −12° 39′ 45.325″ | 10.07 | 14.050 ± 0.002 | M3.5V | 0.294 | 3342 | unknown | 3 | Planet c is potentially habitable. |
L 1159-16 | Aries | 02h 00m 12.959s | 13° 03′ 07.01″ | 12.298 | 14.584 ± 0.007 | M4.5V | 0.15 | 3158 | 4.8 | 2 (1) | - |
Gliese 876 | Aquarius | 22h 53m 16.73s | −14° 15′ 49.3″ | 10.17 | 15.25 | M4V | 0.334 | 3348 | 4.893 | 4 | - |
82 G. Eridani | Eridanus | 03h 19m 55.65s | −43° 04′ 11.2″ | 4.254 | 19.71 | G8V | 0.7 | 5401 | 5.76 | 3 (3) | This star also has a dust disk[5] with a semi-major axis at approximately 19 AU.[6] |
Gliese 581 | Libra | 15h 19m 26.83s | −07° 43′ 20.2″ | 10.56 | 20.56 | M3V | 0.311 | 3484 | 4.326 | 3 (2) | The unconfirmed planets d and g are potentially habitable.[7] |
Gliese 667 C | Scorpius | 17h 18m 57.16s | −34° 59′ 23.14″ | 10.20 | 21 | M1.5V | 0.31 | 3700 | 2 | 2 (1) | Triple star system - all exoplanets orbit around Star C. Planet c is potentially habitable. |
HD 219134 | Cassiopeia | 23h 13m 14.74s | 57° 10′ 03.5″ | 5.57 | 21 | K3Vvar | 0.794 | 4699 | 12.66 | 6 | Closest star to the Sun with exactly six[8] exoplanets, and closest K-type main sequence star to the Sun with a multiplanetary system. One of the oldest stars with a multiplanetary system, although it is still more metal-rich than the Sun. |
61 Virginis | Virgo | 13h 18m 24.31s | −18° 18′ 40.3″ | 4.74 | 28 | G5V | 0.954 | 5531 | 8.96 | 2 (1) | Planet d remains unconfirmed,[9] and a 2021 study found that it was likely a false positive.[10] 61 Virginis also has a debris disk. |
Gliese 433 | Hydra | 11h 35m 26.9485s | −25° 10′ 08.9″ | 9.79 | 29.8±0.1 | M1.5V | 0.48 | 3550±100 | unknown | 3 | An infrared excess around this star suggests a circumstellar disk.[11] |
Gliese 357 | Hydra | 09h 36m 01.6373s | −21° 39′ 38.878″ | 10.906 | 30.776 | M2.5V | 0.362 | 3488 | unknown | 3 | Planet d is a potentially habitable Super-Earth. |
L 98-59 | Volans | 08h 18m 07.62s | −68° 18′ 46.8″ | 11.69 | 34.6 | M3V | 0.312 | 3412 | unknown | 4 (1) | The unconfirmed planet f orbits in the habitable zone.[12] |
TRAPPIST-1 | Aquarius | 23h 06m 29.283s | −05° 02′ 28.59″ | 18.80 | 39.5 | M8V | 0.089 | 2550 | 7.6 | 7 | Planets d, e, f and g are potentially habitable. Only star known with exactly seven confirmed planets. All seven terrestrial planets lie within only 0.07 AU of the star. |
55 Cancri | Cancer | 08h 52m 35.81s | +28° 19′ 50.9″ | 5.95 | 40 | K0IV-V | 1.026 | 5217 | 7.4 | 5 | All five known planets orbit around star A (none are circumbinary or orbit around star B). Closest system with exactly five confirmed planets. |
Gliese 180 | Eridanus | 04h 53m 49.9798s | −17° 46′ 24.294″ | 10.894 | 40.3 | M2V[13] or M3V[14] | 0.39 | 3562 | unknown | 3 | |
HD 69830 | Puppis | 08h 18m 23.95s | −12° 37′ 55.8″ | 5.95 | 41 | K0V | 0.856 | 5385 | 7.446 | 3 | A debris disk exterior to the three exoplanets was detected by the Spitzer Space Telescope in 2005.[15] |
HD 40307 | Pictor | 05h 54m 04.24s | −60° 01′ 24.5″ | 7.17 | 42 | K2.5V | 0.752 | 4977 | 1.198 | 4 (2) | The existence of planets e and g are disputed.[16] If confirmed, planet g is potentially habitable.[17] |
Upsilon Andromedae | Andromeda | 01h 36m 47.84s | +41° 24′ 19.7″ | 4.09 | 44 | F8V | 1.27 | 6107 | 3.781 | 4 | Nearest F-type main sequence star with a multiplanetary system. Second-brightest star in the night sky with a multiplanetary system after Tau Ceti. All exoplanets orbit around star A in the binary system. |
47 Ursae Majoris | Ursa Major | 10h 59m 27.97s | +40° 25′ 48.9″ | 5.10 | 46 | G0V | 1.029 | 5892 | 7.434 | 3 | - |
Nu2 Lupi | Lupus | 15h 21m 49.57s | −48° 19′ 01.1″ | 5.65 | 47 | G2V | 0.906 | 5664 | 10.36 | 3 | - |
LHS 1140 | Draco | 00h 44m 59.31s | −15° 16′ 16.7″ | 14.18 | 48.9 | M4.5V[18] | 0.179 | 3216±39 | 5 | 2 (1) | Planet b is a potentially habitable Super-Earth.[19] |
Gliese 163 | Dorado | 04h 09m 16s | −53° 22′ 25″ | 11.8 | 49 | M3.5V | 0.4 | unknown | 3 | 5 | Planet c is possibly a potentially habitable Super-Earth but is probably too hot or massive.[20][21] |
Mu Arae | Ara | 17h 44m 08.70s | −51° 50′ 02.6″ | 5.15 | 51 | G3IV-V | 1.077 | 5704 | 6.413 | 4 | Planet b orbits in the circumstellar habitable zone. However, it is a gas giant, so it itself is uninhabitable although a large moon orbiting around it may be habitable. |
Gliese 676 A | Ara | 17h 30m 11.2042s | −51° 38′ 13.116″ | 9.59 | 53 | M0V | 0.71 | unknown | unknown | 4 | - |
HD 7924 | Cassiopeia | 01h 21m 59.12s | +76° 42′ 37.0″ | 7.19 | 55 | K0V | 0.832 | 5177 | unknown | 3 | These planets may be potentially habitable Super-Earths.[22] |
Pi Mensae | Mensa | 05h 37m 09.8851s | −80° 28′ 08.8313″ | 5.65 | 59.62±0.07 | G0V | 1.11 | 6013 | 3.4 | 3 | Outer planet is likely a brown dwarf.[23] |
Gliese 3293 | Eridanus | 04h 28m 35.72s | −25° 10′ 08.9″ | 11.96 | 59 | M2.5V | 0.42 | 3466±49 | unknown | 4 | Planets b and d orbit in the habitable zone.[24] |
Gliese 221 | Orion | 05h 53m 0s | −05° 59′ 41″ | 9.69 | 66 | K7V or M0V | 0.7 | 4324 | 4.4 | 2 (1) | - |
HD 142 | Phoenix | 00h 06m 19.0s | −49° 04′ 30″ | 5.70 | 67 | G1 IV | 1.1 | 6180 | 5.93 | 3 | - |
HD 215152 | Aquarius | 22h 43m 21s | −06° 24′ 03″ | 8.13 | 70 | G8IV | 1.019 | 5646 | 7.32 | 4 | A debris disk candidate as it has an infrared excess.[25] |
HD 164922 | Hercules | 18h 02m 30.86s | +26° 18′ 46.8″ | 7.01 | 72 | G9V[26] | 0.874 | 5293 | 13.4 | 4 | Oldest star with a multiplanetary system. Despite its age, it is more metal-rich than the Sun.[26] |
HD 39194 | Mensa | 05h 44m 32s | −70° 08′ 37″ | 8.08 | 86.2 | K0V | unknown | 5205 | unknown | 3 | - |
HIP 57274 | Ursa Major | 11h 44m 41s | +30° 57′ 33″ | 8.96 | 85 | K5V | 0.73 | 4640 | 7.87 | 3 | - |
HD 181433 | Pavo | 19h 25m 09.57s | −66° 28′ 07.7″ | 8.38 | 87 | K5V | 0.777 | 4962 | 8.974 | 3 | - |
HD 134606 | Apus | 15h 15m 15s | −70° 31′ 11″ | 6.85 | 87 | G6IV | unknown | unknown | unknown | 3 | - |
HD 158259 | Draco | 17h 25m 24.0s | +52° 47′ 26″ | 6.46 | 89 | G0 | 1.08 | unknown | unknown | 5 (1) | - |
HD 82943 | Hydra | 09h 34m 50.74s | −12° 07′ 46.4″ | 6.54 | 90 | F9V Fe+0.5[27] | 1.175 | 5874 | 3.08 | 3 | Planets b and c are in a 2:1 orbital resonance.[28] Planet b orbits in the habitable zone, but it and planet c are massive enough to be brown dwarfs. HD 82943 has an unusual lithium-6 abundance.[29] |
TOI 700 | Dorado | 06h 28m 22.97s | −65° 34′ 43.01″ | 13.10 | 101.61 | M2V | 0.416 | 3480 | 1.5 | 3 (1) | Planet d is potentially habitable.[30][31][32] |
HD 17926 | Fornax | 02h 51m 56.16s | −30° 48′ 53.2″ | 6.38 | 105 | F6V | 1.145 | 6201 | unknown | 3 | - |
HD 37124 | Taurus | 05h 37m 02.49s | +20° 43′ 50.8″ | 7.68 | 110 | G4V | 0.83 | 5606 | 3.327 | 3 | - |
HD 20781 | Fornax | 03h 20m 03s | −28° 47′ 02″ | 8.44 | 115 | G9.5V | 0.7 | 5256±29 | unknown | 2 (2) | Located in binary star system. |
Kepler-444 | Lyra | 19h 19m 01s | 41° 38′ 05″ | 9.0 | 117 | K0V | 0.758 | 5040 | 11.23 | 5 | Nearest multiplanetary system where the planets were discovered by the Kepler space telescope. |
HD 141399 | Boötes | 15h 46m 54.0s | +46° 59′ 11″ | 7.2 | 118 | K0V | 1.07 | 5600 | unknown | 4 | Planet c orbits in the habitable zone.[33] |
Kepler-42 | Cygnus | 19h 28m 53s | +44° 37′ 10″ | 16.12 | 126 | M5V[34] | 0.13 | 3068 | unknown | 3 | - |
HD 31527 | Lepus | 04h 55m 38s | −23° 14′ 31″ | 7.48 | 126 | G0V | unknown | unknown | unknown | 3 | - |
HD 10180 | Hydrus | 01h 37m 53.58s | −60° 30′ 41.5″ | 7.33 | 127 | G1V | 1.055 | 5911 | 4.335 | 6 (3) | Has three unconfirmed candidates. If these candidate exoplanets were confirmed, HD 10180 would have the largest planetary system of any star.[2] |
HR 8799 | Pegasus | 23h 07m 28.72s | +21° 08′ 03.3″ | 5.96 | 129 | A5V | 1.472 | 7429 | 0.064 | 4 | Only A-type main sequence star with a multiplanetary system, and hottest and most massive single main sequence star with a multiplanetary system. All four planets are massive super-Jupiters. |
HD 27894 | Reticulum | 04h 20m 47.05s | −59° 24′ 39.0″ | 9.42 | 138 | K2V | 0.8 | 4875 | 3.9 | 3 | - |
HD 93385 | Vela | 10h 46m 15.1160s | −41° 27′ 51.7261″ | 7.486 | 141.6 | G2V | 1.07 | 5823 | 4.13 | 3 | |
K2-3 | Leo | 11h 29m 20.3918s | −01° 27′ 17.280″ | 12.168 | 143.9±0.4 | M0V | 0.601 | 3835±70 | 1 | 3 | The outermost planet orbits in the habitable zone.[35] |
HD 34445 | Orion | 05h 17m 41.0s | +07° 21′ 12″ | 7.31 | 152 | G0V | 1.07 | 5836 | 8.5 | 6 | Some planets were not detected or inferred to be false positives in a later study.[36] |
HD 204313 | Capricornus | 21h 28m 12.21s | –21° 43′ 34.5″ | 7.99 | 154 | G5V | 1.045 | 5767 | 3.38 | 2 (1) | - |
HD 3167 | Pisces | 00h 34m 57.5s | +04° 22′ 53″ | 8.97 | 154.4 | K0V | 0.86 | 5261 | 7.8 | 3 | - |
HD 133131 | Libra | 15h 03m 35.80651s | −27° 50′ 27.5520″ | 8.4 | 168 | G2V+G2V | 0.95 | 5799±19 | 6 | 3 | 2 planets around primary, and 1 planet around secondary star |
HIP 14810 | Aries | 03h 11m 14.23s | +21° 05′ 50.5″ | 8.51 | 174 | G5V | 0.989 | 5485 | 5.271 | 3 | - |
HD 191939 | Draco | 20h 08m 05.75s | +66° 51′ 2.1″ | 8.971 | 175 | G9V | 0.81 | 5348 | 8.7 | 5 (1) | There may also be another substellar companion.[37] |
HD 125612 | Virgo | 14h 20m 53.51s | −17° 28′ 53.5″ | 8.33 | 177 | G3V | 1.099 | 5897 | 2.15 | 3 | - |
HD 109271 | Virgo | 12h 33m 36.0s | −11° 37′ 19″ | 8.05 | 202 | G5 | 1.047 | 5783 | 7.3 | 2 (1) | - |
HD 38677 | Orion | 05h 47m 06.0s | −10° 37′ 49″″ | 8.0 | 202 | F8V | 1.21 | 6196.0 | 2.01 | 4 | - |
TOI-178 | Sculptor | 00h 29m 12.30s | 30° 27′ 13.46″ | 11.95 | 205.16 | K7V[38] | 0.65 | 4316±70 | 7.1 | 6 | The planets are in an orbital resonance.[38] |
HD 74156 | Hydra | 08h 42m 25.12s | +04° 34′ 41.2″ | 7.61 | 210 | G0IV | 1.236 | 6039 | 7.375 | 2 (1) | - |
HD 108236 | Centaurus | 12h 26m 17.89s | −51° 21′ 46.21″ | 9.24 | 211 | G3V | 0.97 | 5730 | 5.8 | 5 | - |
Kepler-37 | Lyra | 18h 58m 23.1s | 44° 31′ 05″ | 9.77 | 215 | G | 0.803 | 5417 | 6 | 4 | - |
K2-72 | Aquarius | 22h 18m 29.2548s | −09° 36′ 44.3824″ | 15.04 | 217 | M2V | 0.27 | 3497 | unknown | 4 | 2 planets in habitable zone |
Kepler-138 | Lyra | 19h 21m 32.0s | +43° 17′ 35″ | 13.5 | 218.5 | M1V | 0.57 | 3871 | unknown | 3 | |
TOI-561 | Sextans | 09h 52m 44.44s | +06° 12′ 57.97″ | 10.252 | 279 | 0.785 | 5455 | 5 | 4 | - | |
Kepler-445 | Cygnus | 19h 54m 57.0s | +46° 29′ 55″ | 18 | 294 | 0.18 | 3157 | unknown | 3 | - | |
TOI-763 | Centaurus | 12h 57m 52.45s | −39° 45′ 27.71″ | 10.156 | 311 | 0.917 | 5444 | 6.2 | 2 (1) | - | |
K2-229 | Virgo | 12h 27m 29.5848s | −06° 43′ 18.7660″ | 10.985 | 335 | K2V | 0.837 | 5185 | 5.4 | 3 | |
Kepler-102 | Lyra | 18h 45m 55.9s | +47° 12′ 29″ | 11.492 | 340 | K3V[39] | 0.81 | 4809 | 1.41 | 5 | |
V1298 Tauri | Taurus | 04h 05m 19.5912s | +20° 09′ 25.5635″ | 10.31 | 354 | K0-1.5[40] | 1.101 | 4970 | 0.023 | 4 | This star is a young T Tauri variable. |
K2-302 | Aquarius | 22h 20m 22.7764s | −09° 30′ 34.2934″ | 11.98 | 359.3 | unknown | 3297±73 | unknown | 3 | ||
TOI-125 | Hydrus | 01h 34m 22.73s | −66° 40′ 32.95″ | 11.02 | 363 | 0.859 | 5320 | unknown | 3 (2) | ||
HIP 41378 | Cancer | 08h 26m 28.0s | +10° 04′ 49″ | 8.9 | 378 | F8 | 1.15 | 6199 | unknown | 5 (2) | Planet f has an unusually low density, and might have rings or an extended atmosphere.[41][42] More planets are still suspected.[43] |
Kepler-446 | Lyra | 18h 49m 00.0s | +44° 55′ 16″ | 16.5 | 391 | M4V | 0.22 | 3359 | unknown | 3 | - |
Kepler-68 | Cygnus | 19h 24m 07.76s | +49° 02′ 25.0″ | 8.588 | 440 | G | 1.079 | 5793 | 6.3 | 3 | - |
COROT-7 | Monoceros | 06h 43m 49.47s | −01° 03′ 46.9″ | 11.73 | 489 | K0V | 0.93 | 5275 | 1.5 | 2 (1) | - |
XO-2 | Lynx | 07h 48m 07.4814s | +50° 13′ 03.2578″ | 11.18 | 496±3 | K0V+K0V | unknown | unknown | 6.3 | 4 | Binary with each star orbited by two planets |
Kepler-411 | Cygnus | 19h 10m 25.3s | +49° 31′ 24″ | 12.5 | 499.4 | 0.83 | 4974 | unknown | 4 | ||
K2-32 | Ophiuchus | 16h 49m 42.2602s | −19° 32′ 34.151″ | 12.31 | 510 | G9V | 0.856 | 5275 | 7.9 | 4 | The planets are likely in a 1:2:5:7 orbital resonance.[44] |
EPIC 251319382 | Cancer | 09 21 46.8434h | +18° 28′ 10.34710″ | 11.12 | 577 | G2V | 0.98 | 5791 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-398 | Lyra | 19h 25m 52.5s | +40° 20′ 38″ | 578 | K5V | 0.72 | 4493 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-186 | Cygnus | 19h 54m 36.6s | +43° 57′ 18″ | 15.29[45] | 579.23[46] | M1V[47] | 0.478 | 3788 | unknown | 5 | Planet f is the first Earth-size exoplanet discovered that orbits in the habitable zone.[48] |
K2-37 | Scorpius | 16h 13m 48.2445s | −24° 47′ 13.4279″ | 12.52 | 590 | G3V | 0.9 | 5413 | unknown | 3 | |
K2-58 | Aquarius | 22h 15m 17.2364s | −14° 02′ 59.3151″ | 12.13 | 596 | K2V | 0.89 | 5038 | unknown | 3 | |
K2-138 | Aquarius | 23h 15m 47.77s | −10° 50′ 58.91″ | 12.21 | 597±55 | K1V | 0.93 | 5378±60 | 2.3 | 6 | Planet g was not fully verified, or could be two long-period planets instead.[49] |
K2-38 | Scorpius | 16h 00m 08.06s | −23° 11′ 21.33″ | 11.34 | 630 | G3V | 1.03 | 5731±66 | unknown | 2 (1) | Dust disk in system |
WASP-47 | Aquarius | 22h 04m 49.0s | −12° 01′ 08″ | 11.9 | 652 | G9V | 1.084 | 5400 | unknown | 4 | - |
HAT-P-13 | Ursa Major | 08h 39m 31.81s | +47° 21′ 07.3″ | 10.62 | 698 | G4 | 1.22 | 5638 | 5 | 2 (1) | - |
Kepler-19 | Cygnus | 19h 21m 41s | +37° 51′ 06″ | 15.178 | 717 | 0.936 | 5541 | 1.9 | 3 | ||
Kepler-296 | Lyra | 19h 06m 09.6s | +49° 26′ 14.4″ | 12.6 | 737.113 | K7V + M1V[50] | unknown | 4249 | unknown | 5 | All planets orbit around the primary star.[51] Planets e and f are potentially habitable.[51] |
Kepler-454 | Lyra | 19h 09m 55.0s | +38° 13′ 44″ | 11.57 | 753 | G | 1.028 | 5687 | 5.25 | 3 | |
Kepler-25 | Lyra | 19h 06m 33.0s | +39° 29′ 16″ | 11 | 799 | F | 1.22 | 6190 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-114 | Cygnus | 19h 36m 29.0s | +48° 20′ 58″ | 13.7 | 846 | K | 0.71 | 4450 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-54 | Cygnus | 19h 39m 06.0s | +43° 03′ 23″ | 16.3 | 886 | M | 0.52 | 3705 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-20 | Lyra | 19h 10m 47.524s | 42° 20′ 19.30″ | 12.51 | 950 | G8V | 0.912 | 5466 | 8.8 | 6 | Planets e and f were the first Earth-sized planets to be discovered.[52] |
K2-19 | Virgo | 11h 39m 50.4804s | +00° 36′ 12.8773″ | 13.002 | 976 | K0V[53] or G9V[54] | 0.918 | 5250±70 | 8 | 3 | - |
PSR B1257+12 | Virgo | 13h 00m 03.58s | +12° 40′ 56.5″ | 24.31 | 980 | pulsar | 1.444 | 28856 | 0.797 | 3 | Only pulsar with a multiplanetary system, and first exoplanets and multiplanetary system to be confirmed. Star with dimmest apparent magnitude to have a multiplanetary system. |
Kepler-62 | Lyra | 18h 52m 51.060s | +45° 20′ 59.507″ | 13.75[55] | 990 | K2V[55] | 0.69 | 4925 | 7 | 5 | Planets e and f orbit in the habitable zone.[55][56] |
Kepler-48 | Cygnus | 19h 56m 33.41s | +40° 56′ 56.47″ | 13.04 | 1000 | K | 0.88 | 5190 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-100 | Lyra | 19h 25m 32.6s | +41° 59′ 24″ | 1011 | G1IV | 1.109 | 5825 | 6.5 | 3 | ||
Kepler-49 | Cygnus | 19h 29m 11.0s | +40° 35′ 30″ | 15.5 | 1015 | K | 0.55 | 3974 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-65 | Lyra | 19h 14m 45.3s | +41° 09′ 04.2″ | 11.018 | 1019 | F6IV | 1.199 | 6211 | unknown | 4 | - |
Kepler-52 | Draco | 19h 06m 57.0s | +49° 58′ 33″ | 15.5 | 1049 | K | 0.58 | 4075 | unknown | 3 | |
K2-268 | Cancer | 08h 54m 50.2862s | +11° 50′ 53.7745″ | 13.85 | 1079 | unknown | unknown | unknown | 5 | ||
K2-183 | Cancer | 08h 20m 01.7184s | 14° 01′ 10.0711″ | 12.85 | 1083 | unknown | 5482±50 | unknown | 3 | ||
K2-187 | Cancer | 08h 50m 05.6682s | 23° 11′ 33.3712″ | 12.864 | 1090 | G?V | 0.967 | 5438±63 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-1542 | Lyra | 19h 02m 54.8s | +42° 39′ 16″ | 1096 | G5V | 0.94 | 5564 | unknown | 4 | - | |
Kepler-26 | Lyra | 18h 59m 46s | +46° 34′ 00″ | 16 | 1100 | M0V | 0.65 | 4500 | unknown | 4 | Transiting exoplanets[57] which are low-density planets below the size of Neptune.[58][59] |
Kepler-132 | Lyra | 18h 52m 56.6s | +41° 20′ 35″ | 1140 | F9 | 0.98 | 6003 | unknown | 4 | ||
Kepler-81 | Cygnus | 19h 34m 32.9s | +42° 49′ 30″ | 15.56 | 1136 | K | 0.648 | 4391 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-80 | Cygnus | 19h 44m 27.0s | +39° 58′ 44″ | 14.804 | 1218 | M0V | 0.73 | 4250 | unknown | 6 | Red dwarf star with resonant planets. |
Kepler-159 | Cygnus | 19h 48m 16.8s | +40° 52′ 08″ | 1219 | K | 0.63 | 4625 | unknown | 2 (1) | Star has a very low metallicity. | |
K2-299 | Aquarius | 22h 05m 06.5342s | −14° 07′ 18.0135″ | 13.12 | 1220 | unknown | 5724±72 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-88 | Lyra | 19h 24m 35.5431s | +40° 40′ 09.8098″ | 13.5 | 1243 | G8IV | 1.022 | 5513±67 | 2.45 | 3 | |
Kepler-174 | Lyra | 19h 09m 45.4s | +43° 49:56′ | 1269 | K | unknown | 4880 | unknown | 3 | Planet d may orbit in the habitable zone. | |
Kepler-32 | Cygnus | 19h 51m 22.0s | +46° 34′ 27″ | 16 | 1301.1 | M1V | 0.58 | 3900 | unknown | 3 (2) | - |
Kepler-83 | Lyra | 18h 48m 55.8s | +43° 39′ 56″ | 16.51 | 1306 | K7V | 0.664 | 4164 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-271 | Lyra | 18h 52m 00.7s | +44° 17′ 03″ | 1319 | G7V | 0.9 | 5524 | unknown | 3 | Metal-poor star | |
Kepler-169 | 19h 03m 60.0s | +40° 55:10′ | 12.186 | 1326 | K2V | 0.86 | 4997 | unknown | 5 | ||
Kepler-451 | Cygnus | 19h 38m 32.61s | 46° 03′ 59.1″ | 1340 | sdB+M | 0.6 | 29564 | 6 | 3 | Three circumbinary planets orbit around the Kepler-451 binary pair.[60] | |
Kepler-304 | Cygnus | 19h 37m 46.0s | +40° 33′ 27″ | 1418 | K | 0.8 | 4731 | unknown | 4 | ||
Kepler-18 | Cygnus | 19h 52m 19.06s | +44° 44′ 46.76″ | 13.549 | 1430 | G7V | 0.97 | 5345 | 10 | 3 | |
Kepler-106 | Cygnus | 20h 03m 27.4s | +44° 20′ 15″ | 12.882 | 1449 | G1V | 1 | 5858 | 4.83 | 4 | |
Kepler-92 | Lyra | 19h 16m 21.0s | +41° 33′ 47″ | 11.6 | 1463 | G1IV | 1.209 | 5871 | 5.52 | 3 | |
Kepler-450 | Cygnus | 19h 41m 56.8s | +51° 00′ 49″ | 11.684 | 1487 | F | 1.19 | 6152 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-89 | Cygnus | 19h 49m 20.0s | +41° 53′ 28″ | 12.4 | 1580 | F8V | 1.25 | 6116 | 3.9 | 4 | Farthest F-type main sequence star from the Sun with a multiplanetary system. One study found hints of additional planets orbiting Kepler-89.[61] |
Kepler-1388 | Lyra | 18h 53m 20.6s | +47° 10′ 28″ | 1604 | 0.63 | 4098 | unknown | 4 | - | ||
K2-282 | Pisces | 00h 53m 43.6833s | 07° 59′ 43.1397″ | 14.04 | 1638 | G?V | 0.94 | 5499±109 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-107 | Cygnus | 19h 48m 06.8s | +48° 12′ 31″ | 12.7 | 1714 | G2V[62] | 1.238 | 5851 | 4.29 | 4 | - |
Kepler-1047 | Cygnus | 19h 14m 35.1s | +50° 47′ 20″ | 1846 | G2V | 1.08 | 5754 | unknown | 3 | - | |
Kepler-55 | Lyra | 19h 00m 40.0s | +44° 01′ 35″ | 16.3 | 1888 | K | 0.62 | 4362 | unknown | 5 | Planet c may orbit in the inner habitable zone. |
Kepler-166 | Cygnus | 19h 32m 38.4s | +48° 52′ 52″ | 1968 | G | 0.88 | 5413 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-11 | Cygnus | 19h 48m 27.62s | +41° 54′ 32.9″ | 13.69 | 2150 ±20 | G6V[63] | 0.954 | 5681 | 7.834 | 6 | Farthest star from the Sun with exactly six exoplanets. First system discovered with six transiting planets.[63] The planets have low densities.[64] |
Kepler-1254 | Draco | 19h 34m 59.3s | +45° 06′ 26″ | 2205 | 0.78 | 4985 | unknown | 3 | - | ||
Kepler-289 | Cygnus | 19h 49m 51.7s | +42° 52′ 58″ | 12.9 | 2283 | G0V | 1.08 | 5990 | 0.65 | 3 | - |
Kepler-85 | Cygnus | 19h 23m 54.0s | +45° 17′ 25″ | 15.0 | 2495 | G | 0.92 | 5666 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-157 | Lyra | 19h 24m 23.3s | +38° 52′ 32″ | 2523 | G2V | 1.02 | 5774 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-342 | Cygnus | 19h 24m 23.3s | +38° 52′ 32″ | 2549 | F | 1.13 | 6175 | unknown | 4 | ||
Kepler-148 | Cygnus | 19h 19m 08.7s | +46° 51′ 32″ | 2580 | K?V | 0.86 | 5272 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-51 | Cygnus | 19h 45m 55.0s | +49° 56′ 16″ | 15.0 | 2610 | G?V | 1 | 5803 | unknown | 3 | Super-puff planets with some the lowest densities known.[65] |
Kepler-403 | Cygnus | 19h 19m 41.1s | +46° 44′ 40″ | 2741 | F9IV-V | 1.25 | 6090 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-9 | Lyra | 19h 02m 17.76s | +38° 24′ 03.2″ | 13.91 | 2754 | G2V | 0.998 | 5722 | 3.008 | 3 | - |
Kepler-23 | Cygnus | 19h 36m 52.0s | +49° 28′ 45″ | 14 | 2790 | G5V | 1.11 | 5760 | unknown | 3 | - |
Kepler-46 | Cygnus | 19h 17m 05.0s | +42° 36′ 15″ | 15.3 | 2795 | K?V | 0.902 | 5155 | 9.9 | 3 | - |
Kepler-305 | Cygnus | 19h 56m 53.83s | +40° 20′ 35.46″ | 15.812 | 2833 | K | 0.85 | 4918 | unknown | 3 (1) | |
Kepler-90 | Draco | 18h 57m 44.0s | +49° 18′ 19″ | 14.0 | 2840 ± 40 | G0V | 1.13 | 5930 | 2 | 8 | All eight exoplanets are more massive than Earth and are within 1.1 AU of the parent star. Only star apart from the Sun with at least eight planets.[66] A Hill stability test shows that the system is stable.[67] Planet h orbits in the habitable zone. |
Kepler-150 | Lyra | 19h 12m 56.2s | +40° 31′ 15″ | 2906 | G?V | 0.97 | 5560 | unknown | 5 | Planet f orbits in the habitable zone. | |
Kepler-82 | Cygnus | 19h 31m 29.61s | +42° 57′ 58.09″ | 15.158 | 2949 | G?V | 0.91 | 5512 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-154 | Cygnus | 19h 19m 07.3s | +49° 53′ 48″ | 2985 | G3V | 0.98 | 5690 | unknown | 5 | ||
Kepler-56 | Cygnus | 19h 35m 02.0s | +41° 52′ 19″ | 13 | 3060 | K?III | 1.32 | 4840 | 3.5 | 3 | |
Kepler-350 | Lyra | 19h 01m 41.0s | +39° 42′ 22″ | 13.8 | 3121 | F | 1.03 | 6215 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-603 | Cygnus | 19h 37m 07.4s | +42° 17′ 27″ | 3134 | G2V | 1.01 | 5808 | unknown | 3 | - | |
Kepler-401 | Cygnus | 19h 20m 19.9s | +50° 51′ 49″ | 3149 | F8V | 1.17 | 6117 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-58 | Cygnus | 19h 45m 26.0s | +39° 06′ 55″ | 15.3 | 3161 | G1V | 1.04 | 5843 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-79 | Cygnus | 20h 02m 04.11s | +44° 22′ 53.69″ | 13.914 | 3329 | F | 1.17 | 6187 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-60 | Cygnus | 19h 15m 50.70s | +42° 15′ 54.04″ | 13.959 | 3343 | G | 1.04 | 5915 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-122 | 19h 24m 26.9s | +39° 56′ 57″ | 3351 | F | 1.08 | 6050 | unknown | 4 | |||
Kepler-279 | Lyra | 19h 09m 34.0s | +42° 11′ 42″ | 13.7 | 3383 | F | 1.1 | 6562 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-255 | Cygnus | 19h 44m 15.4s | +45° 58′ 37″ | 3433 | G6V | 0.9 | 5573 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-47 | Cygnus | 19h 41m 11.5s | +46° 55′ 13.69″ | 15.178 | 3442 | G M |
1.043 | 5636(A) (B is unknown) |
4.5 | 3 | Circumbinary planets |
Kepler-292 | 19h 43m 03.84s | +43° 25′ 27.4″ | 13.97 | 3446 | K0V | 0.85 | 5299 | unknown | 5 | ||
Kepler-27 | Cygnus | 19h 28m 56.82s | +41° 05′ 9.15″ | 15.855 | 3500 | G5V | 0.65 | 5400 | unknown | 2 (1) | |
Kepler-351 | Lyra | 19h 05m 48.6s | +42° 39′ 28″ | 3535 | G?V | 0.89 | 5643 | unknown | 3 | ||
Kepler-276 | Cygnus | 19h 34m 16s | +39° 02′ 11″ | 15.368 | 3734 | G?V | 1.1 | 5812 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-70 | Cygnus | 19h 45m 25s | 41° 05′ 34″ | 14.87 | 3849 | sdB | 0.496 | 27730 | unknown | 2 (1) | Later research did not indicate that these planets existed.[68][69] Kepler-70 is a subdwarf B star, and was a red giant 20 million years ago.[70] Planets b and c have the closest orbits to each other of any two exoplanets, and planet b is the hottest known exoplanet, with a temperature of 7288 K.[70] |
Kepler-24 | Lyra | 19h 21m 39.18s | +38° 20′ 37.51″ | 14.925 | 3910 | G1V | 1.03 | 5800 | unknown | 4 | - |
Kepler-87 | Cygnus | 19h 51m 40.0s | +46° 57′ 54″ | 15 | 4021 | G4IV | 1.1 | 5600 | 7.5 | 2 (1) | Farthest system from the Sun with an unconfirmed exoplanet candidate. |
Kepler-33 | Lyra | 19h 16m 18.61s | +46° 00′ 18.8″ | 13.988 | 4090 | G1IV | 1.164 | 5849 | 4.27 | 5 | |
Kepler-282 | Lyra | 18h 58m 43.0s | +44° 47′ 51″ | 15.2 | 4363 | G?V | 0.97 | 5876 | unknown | 4 | |
Kepler-758 | Cygnus | 19h 32m 20.3s | +41° 08′ 08″ | 4413 | 1.16 | 6228 | unknown | 4 | Farthest system from the Sun with exactly four confirmed exoplanets. | ||
Kepler-53 | Lyra | 19h 21m 51.0s | +40° 33′ 45″ | 16 | 4455 | G?V | 0.98 | 5858 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-30 | Lyra | 19h 01m 08.07s | +38° 56′ 50.21″ | 15.403 | 4560 | G6V | 0.99 | 5498 | unknown | 3 | |
Kepler-84 | Cygnus | 19h 53m 00.49s | +40° 29′ 45.87″ | 14.764 | 4700 | G3IV | 1 | 5755 | unknown | 5 | |
Kepler-31 | Cygnus | 19h 36m 06.0s | +45° 51′ 11″ | 15.5 | 5429 | F | 1.21 | 6340 | unknown | 3 | The three planets are in an orbital resonance.[71] |
Kepler-238 | Lyra | 19h 11m 35s | +40° 38′ 16″ | 15.084 | 5867 | G5IV | 1.06 | 5614 | unknown | 5 | One of the farthest systems from the Sun with a multiplanetary system, and the farthest system where exoplanets were discovered by the Kepler space telescope. |
Kepler-245 | Cygnus | 19h 26m 33.4s | +42° 26′ 11″ | 0.8 | 5100 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-218 | Cygnus | 19h 41m 39.1s | +46° 15′ 59″ | unknown | 5502 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-217 | Cygnus | 19h 32m 09.1s | +46° 16′ 39″ | unknown | 6171 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-192 | Lyra | 19h 11m 40.3s | +45° 35′ 34″ | unknown | 5479 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-191 | Cygnus | 19h 24m 44.0s | +45° 19′ 23″ | 0.85 | 5282 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-176 | Cygnus | 19h 38m 40.3s | +43° 51′ 12″ | unknown | 5232 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-167 | Cygnus | 19h 30m 38.0s | +38° 20′ 43″ | 0.76 | 4796 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-431 | Lyra | 18h 44m 26.9s | +43° 13′ 40″ | 1.071 | 6004 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-338 | Lyra | 18h 51m 54.9s | +40° 47′ 04″ | 1.1 | 5923 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-197 | Cygnus | 19h 40m 54.3s | +50° 33′ 32″ | unknown | 6004 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-247 | Lyra | 19h 14m 34.2s | +43° 02′ 21″ | 0.884 | 5094 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-104 | Lyra | 19h 10m 25.1s | +42° 10′ 00″ | 0.81 | 5711 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-126 | Cygnus | 19h 17m 23.4s | +44° 12′ 31″ | unknown | 6239 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-127 | Lyra | 19h 00m 45.6s | +46° 01′ 41″ | unknown | 6106 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-130 | Lyra | 19h 13m 48.2s | +40° 14′ 43″ | 1 | 5884 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-164 | Lyra | 19h 11m 07.4s | +47° 37′ 48″ | 1.11 | 5888 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-171 | Cygnus | 19h 47m 05.3s | +41° 45′ 20″ | unknown | 5642 | unknown | 3 | - | |||
Kepler-172 | Lyra | 19h 47m 05.3s | +41° 45′ 20″ | 0.86 | 5526 | unknown | 4 | - | |||
Kepler-149 | Lyra | 19h 03m 24.9s | +38° 23′ 03″ | unknown | 5381 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-148 | Cygnus | 19h 19m 08.7s | +46° 51′ 32″ | unknown | 5272 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-142 | Cygnus | 19h 40m 28.5s | +48° 28′ 53″ | 0.99 | 5790 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-124 | Draco | 19h 07m 00.7s | +49° 03′ 54″ | unknown | 4984 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-402 | Lyra | 19h 13m 28.9s | +43° 21′ 17″ | unknown | 6090 | unknown | 4 | ||||
Kepler-399 | Cygnus | 19h 58m 00.4s | +40° 40′ 15″ | unknown | 5502 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-374 | Cygnus | 19h 36m 33.1s | +42° 22′ 14″ | 0.84 | 5977 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-372 | Cygnus | 19h 25m 01.5s | +49° 15′ 32″ | 1.15 | 6509 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-363 | Lyra | 18h 52m 46.1s | +41° 18′ 19″ | 1.23 | 5593 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-359 | Cygnus | 19h 33m 10.5s | +42° 11′ 47″ | 1.07 | 6248 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-357 | Cygnus | 19h 24m 58.3s | +44° 00′ 31″ | 0.78 | 5036 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-354 | Lyra | 19h 03m 00.4s | +41° 20′ 08″ | 0.65 | 4648 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-206 | Lyra | 19h 26m 32.3s | +41° 50′ 02″ | 0.94 | 5764 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-203 | Cygnus | 19h 01m 23.3s | +41° 45′ 43″ | 0.98 | 5821 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-194 | Cygnus | 19h 27m 53.1s | +47° 51′ 51″ | unknown | 6089 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-184 | Lyra | 19h 27m 48.5s | +43° 04′ 29″ | unknown | 5788 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-178 | Lyra | 19h 08m 24.3s | +46° 53′ 47″ | unknown | 5676 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-336 | Lyra | 19h 20m 57.0s | +41° 19′ 53″ | 0.89 | 5867 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-334 | Lyra | 19h 08m 33.8s | +47° 06′ 55″ | 1 | 5828 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-332 | Lyra | 19h 06m 39.1s | +47° 24′ 49″ | 0.8 | 4955 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-331 | Lyra | 19h 27m 20.2s | +39° 18′ 26″ | 0.51 | 4347 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-327 | Cygnus | 19h 30m 34.2s | 44° 05′ 16″ | 0.55 | 3799 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-326 | Cygnus | 19h 37m 18.1s | +46° 00′ 08″ | 0.98 | 5105 | unknown | 3 | ||||
Kepler-325 | Cygnus | 19h 19m 20.5s | +49° 49′ 32″ | 0.87 | 5752 | unknown | 3 | ||||
EPIC 201085153 | Virgo | 12h 00m 29.4845s | −7° 7′ 48″ | 17.33 | unknown | 3945±386 | unknown | 2 (1) |
- Need to be added: TOI 1130, EPIC 249893012
Stars orbited by both planets and brown dwarfs[edit]
Stars orbited by objects on both sides of the 13 Jupiter mass dividing line.
- 54 Piscium (HD 3651)
- HD 168443
- Gliese 229 A
- Epsilon Indi
- HD 82943
- Pi Mensae
Planetary system statistics[edit]
Planets per star |
Number of stars |
Star list | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 | 2 | |||||||||
7 | 1 | |||||||||
6 | 8 | |||||||||
5 | 21 |
| ||||||||
4 | 60 |
| ||||||||
3 | 154 |
| ||||||||
2 + unconfirmed | 22 |
|
See also[edit]
- List of exoplanets
- Methods of detecting exoplanets
- List of exoplanet firsts
- List of exoplanet extremes
- List of brown dwarfs
- Lists of stars
- List of nearest stars
- List of stars with proplyds
- List of astronomical objects
For links to specific lists of exoplanets see:
- List of exoplanets detected by microlensing
- List of exoplanets detected by radial velocity
- List of exoplanets detected by timing
- List of directly imaged exoplanets
- List of transiting exoplanets
- List of nearest terrestrial exoplanet candidates
Online archives:
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Planetary systems. |
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