Portal:Latin America

Latin America is the cultural region of the Americas comprising multiple nation-states where Romance languages—languages that derived from Latin, i.e., Spanish, Portuguese, and French are predominantly spoken. The term does not have a precise definition, but it is "commonly used to describe South America, Central America, and Mexico, and the islands of the Caribbean." A short definition of the region is Spanish America and Brazil, that is Portuguese America. The term is relatively recent, coined in the nineteenth century, used to refer to regions in the Americas that were ruled by the Spanish, Portuguese, and French empires. The term "Latin America" is broader than categories such as Hispanic America, which specifically refers to Spanish-speaking countries; and Ibero-America, which specifically refers to both Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries. The term Latin America was first used in an 1856 conference called "Initiative of America: Idea for a Federal Congress of the Republics" (Iniciativa de la América. Idea de un Congreso Federal de las Repúblicas), by the Chilean politician Francisco Bilbao. The term was further popularized by French emperor Napoleon III's government in the 1860s as Amérique latine to justify France's military involvement in the Second Mexican Empire and to include French-speaking territories in the Americas such as French Canada, French Louisiana, or French Guiana, in the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed. The United Nations has played a role in defining the region, establishing a geoscheme for the Americas, which divides the region geographically into North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, founded in 1948 and initially called the Economic Commission on Latin America ECLA, comprised Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Chile, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Also included the 1948 establishment were Canada, France, the Netherlands, United Kingdom of Great Britain, and the U.S.A. Obtaining membership later were former colonial powers Spain (1979) and Portugal (1984). In addition, countries not former colonial powers in the region, but many of which had populations immigrate, there are part of ECLAC, including Italy (1990), Germany (2005), Japan (2006), South Korea (2007), Norway (2015), Turkey (2017). The Latin American Studies Association was founded in 1966, with its membership open to anyone interested in Latin American studies. The region covers an area that stretches from Mexico to Tierra del Fuego and includes much of the Caribbean. It has an area of approximately 19,197,000 km2 (7,412,000 sq mi), almost 13% of the Earth's land surface area. As of March 2, 2020, the population of Latin America and the Caribbean was estimated at more than 652 million, and in 2019, Latin America had a combined nominal GDP of US$5,188,250 million and a GDP PPP of US$10,284,588 million. (Full article...) See also: Latino and Ibero-America Recognized content - Entries here consist of Good and Featured articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards. Hernández, playing for Mexico against South Korea at the 2018 FIFA World Cup Javier Hernández, also known by his nickname Chicharito ([tʃitʃaˈɾito]; Mexican Spanish: little pea), is a professional association football player who has represented Mexico (nicknamed "El Tri") in international competition since 2009. He is the country's all-time top scorer with 52 goals in 109 appearances for El Tri, . Hernández plays primarily as a "goal poacher", with most of his goals from close-range and within the penalty area, and is Mexico's star player. Hernández found club success with C.D. Guadalajara in Liga MX, where his grandfather played and his father coached. He was called up to the national team and made his debut alongside four other players on 30 September 2009 in a friendly match against Colombia, assisting on Mexico's sole goal during the 2–1 loss in Dallas, Texas, United States. He scored his first two goals in his second appearance, a 5–0 friendly win over Bolivia on 24 February 2010 in San Francisco, California, United States. Hernández was called into Mexico's squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, where he scored two goals against France and Argentina. His first goal against France mirrored his grandfather Tomás Balcázar's debut at the 1954 FIFA World Cup, also against France and at the same age of 22. He scored his first international hat-trick against El Salvador during the 2011 CONCACAF Gold Cup in the United States and finished the tournament as the top goalscorer, with seven goals, and was named the most valuable player after Mexico's victory. (Full article...) List of recognized articles South American dreadnought race The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (film) Cerro Azul (Chile volcano) ARA Moreno Rongorongo Andean condor Galápagos tortoise Chagas disease Spanish conquest of Petén 1910 Cuba hurricane Spanish conquest of Guatemala Pedro II of Brazil Sésamo Latin American Boom Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903 Venezuelan refugee crisis Argentine–Chilean naval arms race Violeta Chamorro Néstor Kirchner Carmen Casco de Lara Castro Pedro I of Brazil Uruguayan War Empire of Brazil 1930 FIFA World Cup Maya civilization Maya stelae Olmec colossal heads Nahuatl Cantons of Costa Rica Armero tragedy Nevado del Ruiz The General in His Labyrinth Fauna of Puerto Rico Luis Aparicio Award El Hatillo Municipality Effects of Hurricane Ivan in the Lesser Antilles and South America Norte Chico civilization Peru national football team Mario Vargas Llosa List of World Heritage Sites in Peru Mayor of Pichilemu May Revolution Juan Manuel de Rosas Pisco sour Calabozos Chilean battleship Almirante Latorre Cerro Azul (Chile volcano) Payún Matrú 2013 Rosario gas explosion Evo Morales Pedro II of Brazil Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil Mário de Andrade Thalassodromeus Lundomys 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix List of Golden Martín Fierro Award winners Guianan cock-of-the-rock Suriname at the 2016 Summer Paralympics Copa Libertadores Spanish American wars of independence Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos Guyana at the 2008 Summer Olympics Demerara rebellion of 1823 Dictator novel Augusto Roa Bastos Venezuelan crisis of 1895 Domingo Faustino Sarmiento Capybara Revolt of the Comuneros (Paraguay) Lake Tauca Topics More did you know - ... that despite 65% of Bolivians being ethnically indigenous, the first leader of that nation to come from this group was Evo Morales in 2005? WikiProjects WikiProject South America WikiProject Latin America (semi-active) Selected article - Cuba (/ˈkjuːbə/ (listen) KEW-bə, Spanish: [ˈkuβa] (listen)), officially the Republic of Cuba (Spanish: República de Cuba [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈkuβa] (listen)), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and Atlantic Ocean meet. Cuba is located at the east of the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), south of both the American state of Florida and the Bahamas, west of Hispaniola (Haiti/Dominican Republic), and north of both Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. Havana is the largest city and capital; other major cities include Santiago de Cuba and Camagüey. The official area of the Republic of Cuba is 109,884 km2 (42,426 sq mi) (without the territorial waters). The main island of Cuba is the largest island in Cuba and in the Caribbean, with an area of 104,556 km2 (40,369 sq mi). Cuba is the second-most populous country in the Caribbean after Haiti, with over 11 million inhabitants. The territory that is now Cuba was inhabited by the Ciboney Taíno people from the 4th millennium BC until Spanish colonization in the 15th century. From the 15th century, it was a colony of Spain until the Spanish–American War of 1898, when Cuba was occupied by the United States and gained nominal independence as a de facto United States protectorate in 1902. As a fragile republic, in 1940 Cuba attempted to strengthen its democratic system, but mounting political radicalization and social strife culminated in a coup and subsequent dictatorship under Fulgencio Batista in 1952. Open corruption and oppression under Batista's rule led to his ousting in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement, which afterwards established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. Since 1965, the state has been governed by the Communist Party of Cuba. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and a nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Cuba is one of a few extant Marxist–Leninist socialist states, where the role of the vanguard Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution. Under Castro, Cuba was involved in a broad range of military and humanitarian activities throughout both Africa and Asia. (Full article...) List of selected articles Flag of Mexico Peru Argentina Brazil Chile Dominican Republic Nicaragua Colombia Mexico Costa Rica Latin Americans Honduras Guatemala Race and ethnicity in Latin America 2010 Ecuador crisis Venezuelan protests (2014–present) Mesoamerica History of Guatemala 2010 Copiapó mining accident Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis Mary Wilhelmine Williams Foreign policy of the Ollanta Humala administration Guayabera Responses to the 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis Augusto Pinochet Panama Canal Zone Panama Panama Canal International sanctions during the Venezuelan crisis Latin America–United Kingdom relations Deportation of Germans from Latin America during World War II Canada–Latin America relations Tegucigalpa Women in Latin music Capture of the sloop Anne White Latin Americans Day of the Dead Suriname Bolivia Paraguay 2014 Venezuelan protests Military dictatorship in El Salvador Canada–Latin America relations Hugo Chávez Nicolás Maduro 2018 Panama–Venezuela diplomatic crisis 2016 Peruvian general election COVID-19 pandemic in South America 2010 Colombia–Venezuela diplomatic crisis 2011–2013 Chilean student protests Pancho Villa Deforestation in Central America San Salvador Second French intervention in Mexico Mabel Moraña San José, Costa Rica Mexican cuisine Belize City Guatemalan Civil War Guatemala City Panama Papers Montevideo Bogotá Amazon River Amazon rainforest Emperor tamarin Santiago Brasília Santo Domingo Mexico City Managua Asunción Caracas Havana Quito LATAM Chile Kingston, Jamaica Sucre La Paz Rio de Janeiro São Paulo Buenos Aires Córdoba, Argentina Economy of South America Coffee production in Brazil Andes Latino (demonym) Latin Americans Latin music Banana Wars LGBT cinema in Latin America Ethnic groups in Latin America HIV/AIDS in Latin America Lima Feminism in Latin America Mestizo Latin American economy Latin American art Did you know (auto-generated) ... that artwork at the Jackson Avenue station in the Bronx depicts images from six Latin American stories? ... that despite an attempted "extermination" of homosexuals in the 1960s and 1970s, the LGBT community in Argentina is now the most accepted in Latin America? ... that Brazilian computer science researcher and internet pioneer Tadao Takahashi negotiated with drug lords to install internet equipment in his country? ... that Héctor Suárez was the first comedian from Latin America to be "roasted" by fellow celebrities? ... that a course in Spanish North American history that Nettie Lee Benson took at the University of Texas inspired her lifelong interest in teaching and building libraries for Latin American studies? ... that Chinese economist Zhang Peigang's dissertation was translated into Spanish and used as a university textbook in Latin America in the 1950s, but was not published in Chinese until 1984? General images The following are images from various Latin America-related articles on Wikipedia. Instituto Arnoldo Gabaldón, declared August 30, 1984 as a National Historic Landmark (from Latin American culture) Left-leaning leaders of Bolivia, Brazil and Chile at the Union of South American Nations summit in 2008 (from History of Latin America) The Guadalajara International Film Festival is considered the most prestigious film festival in Latin America. (from Latin American culture) Monument to Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City (from Latin American culture) 1903 political cartoon: President Roosevelt intimidating Colombia to acquire the Panama Canal Zone. (from History of Latin America) Villa de Leyva, a historical and cultural landmark of Colombia (from Latin American culture) Map of disputed territories in Latin America (from History of Latin America) The military junta of Argentina saw widespread repression against those it deemed to be political dissidents (from History of Latin America) Holy week, Ouro Preto-MG, 2010. Chrome. Photo: Guy Veloso. (from Latin American culture) Countries in Latin America by date of independence (from History of Latin America) The joropo, as depicted in a 1912 drawing by Eloy Palacios (from Latin American culture) A 17th-century map of the Americas (from History of Latin America) In blue countries under right-wing governments and in red countries under left-wing and centre-left governments as of 2022 (from History of Latin America) Intermediate level international-style Latin dancing at the 2006 MIT ballroom dance competition. A judge stands in the foreground. (from Latin American culture) Mexican Stock Exchange (from Latin American culture) A mural celebrating Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán and the Guatemalan Revolution (from History of Latin America) The Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Aparecida is the second largest in the world, after only of the Basilica of Saint Peter in Vatican City. (from Latin American culture) Selected panorama Panorama of the Iguazú Falls, in the Brazilian side. Walkways allow close views of the falls from both Brazil and Argentina. The falls, an UNESCO World Heritage Site, are located on the border of the Brazilian State of Paraná and the Argentine Province of Misiones. Selected picture Gaucho Credit: Library of Congress Portrait of an Argentine gaucho, a term commonly used to describe residents of the South American pampas, chacos, or Patagonian grasslands, found principally in parts of Argentina, Uruguay, Southern Chile, and Southern Brazil. Categories Select [►] to view subcategories Latin America Ibero-America Caribbean Middle America (Americas) South America Communications in Latin America Latin American countries Crime in Latin America Gender in Latin America Human rights in Latin America Latin American culture Latin American history Latin American people Latin American studies Latin America-related lists Mesoamerica Military history of Latin America Oil fields of Latin America Organizations based in Latin America Pontifical Commission for Latin America Race in Latin America Spanish language in the Americas Stock exchanges in Latin America Works about Latin America Writers on Latin America Latin American law stubs Countries Territories (in bold), dependencies, and subnational entities of a country not located primarily in Latin America are italicized. Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Curaçao Dominica Dominican Republic French Guiana Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guadeloupe Guatemala Honduras Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Martinique Mexico Montserrat Nicaragua Panama Paraguay Peru Puerto Rico Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Uruguay Venezuela Related portals Associated Wikimedia More portals Discover Wikipedia using portals List of all portals The arts portal Biography portal Current events portal Geography portal History portal Mathematics portal Science portal Society portal Technology portal Random portal WikiProject Portals