List of kings of Macedonia
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Macedonia (also known as Macedon) was an ancient kingdom centered on the present-day region of Macedonia and in northern Greece, inhabited by the Ancient Macedonians. At various points in its history the kingdom proper encompassed parts of the present-day Republic of North Macedonia, Albania, Bulgaria and Turkish Thrace. It emerged as the dominant power in Greece during the 4th century BC, when King Philip II successfully united the Greek city-states, such as Athens and Thebes, into the Corinthian League. Philip's son, Alexander the Great, would go on to conquer the Persian Empire a few years later. The Kingdom of Macedonia itself soon lost direct control of Alexander's vast Asian territories during the Wars of the Diadochi, but it broadly retained its rule over Greece itself until defeated by the Roman Republic in the Macedonian Wars (215–148 BC)
Argead Dynasty[edit]
- Karanus Κάρανος 808–778 BC (possibly fictional)
- Koinos Κοινός 778–750 BC (possibly fictional)
- Tyrimmas Τυρίμμας (possibly fictional)
- Perdiccas I Περδίκκας Αʹ 700–678 BC
- Argaeus I Ἀργαῖος Αʹ 678–640 BC
- Philip I Φίλιππος Αʹ 640–602 BC
- Aeropus I Ἀέροπος Αʹ 602–576 BC
- Alcetas I Ἀλκέτας Αʹ 576–547 BC
- Amyntas I Ἀμύντας Αʹ 547–498 BC
- Alexander I Ἀλέξανδρος Αʹ 498–454 BC
- Alcetas II Ἀλκέτας Βʹ 454–448 BC
- Perdiccas II Περδίκκας Βʹ 448–413 BC
- Archelaus Ἀρχέλαος Αʹ 413–399 BC
- Craterus Κρατερός 399 BC
- Orestes Ὀρέστης and Aeropus II Ἀέροπος Βʹ 399–396 BC
- Archelaus II Ἀρχέλαος Βʹ 396–393 BC
- Amyntas II Ἀμύντας Βʹ 393 BC
- Pausanias Παυσανίας 393 BC
- Amyntas III Ἀμύντας Γʹ 393 BC
- Argaeus II Ἀργαῖος Βʹ 393–392 BC
- Amyntas III Ἀμύντας Γʹ 392–370 BC
- Alexander II Ἀλέξανδρος Βʹ 370–368 BC
- Perdiccas III Περδίκκας Γʹ 368–359 BC
- Ptolemy of Aloros Πτολεμαῖος Αʹ, Regent of Macedon 368–365 BC
- Amyntas IV Ἀμύντας Δʹ 359–356 BC
- Philip II Φίλιππος Βʹ 359–336 BC
- Alexander III, the Great Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας 336–323 BC
- Antipater Ἀντίπατρος, Regent of Macedon 334–323 BC
- Philip III Arrhidaeus Φίλιππος Γʹ 323–317 BC and Alexander IV Ἀλέξανδρος Δʹ 323–310 BC[1]
- Perdiccas Περδίκκας, Regent of the Macedon Empire 323–321/320 BC[2]
- Peithon Πείθων and Arrhidaeus Ἀρριδαῖoς, Regent of the Macedon Empire 320 BC
- Antipater Ἀντίπατρος, Regent of the Macedon Empire 320–319 BC
- Polyperchon Πολυπέρχων, Regent of the Macedon Empire 319–317 BC
- Cassander Κάσανδρος, Regent of Macedon 317–305 BC
Antipatrid Dynasty[edit]
- Cassander Κάσανδρος 305–297 BC
- Philip IV Φίλιππος Δʹ 297 BC
- Alexander V Αλέξανδρος Ε' and Antipater II Αντίπατρος Β' 297–294 BC
Antigonid Dynasty[edit]
- Demetrius I Poliorcetes Δημήτριος ο Πολιορκητής 306–286 BC[3]
Non-Dynastic Kings[edit]
- Lysimachus Λυσίμαχος 286–281 BC and Pyrrhus of Epirus Πύρρος της Ηπείρου 286–285 BC
- Ptolemy Keraunos Πτολεμαίος Κεραυνός 281–279 BC
- Meleager Μελέαγρος 279 BC
Antipatrid Dynasty[edit]
- Antipater Etesias Ἀντίπατρος Ετησίας 279 BC
- Sosthenes Σωσθένης 279–276 BC
Antigonid Dynasty[edit]
- Antigonus II Gonatas Αντίγονος Β' Γονατάς 276–274 BC[4]
Non-Dynastic Kings[edit]
- Pyrrhus of Epirus Πύρρος της Ηπείρου 274–272 BC
Antigonid Dynasty[edit]
- Antigonus II Gonatas Αντίγονος Β' Γονατάς 272–239 BC
- Demetrius II Aetolicus Δημήτριος Β' Αιτωλικός 239–229 BC
- Antigonus III Doson Αντίγονος Γ' 229–221 BC
- Philip V Φίλιππος Ε' 221–179 BC
- Perseus Περσέας 179–167 BC
- Pseudo-Philip VI Andriscus 150-148 BC
After Perseus's defeat at the Battle of Pydna in 167 BC, Macedon was divided into four republics under Roman domination. In 150 BC, a man named Andriscus claimed to be the son of Perseus, and claimed the throne of Macedon as Philip VI. This led to the Fourth Macedonian War, in which Andriscus was defeated by the Romans, and Macedon was annexed as a Roman province in 148 BC.
Notes[edit]
- ^ As part of the compromise in Babylon after Alexander the Great’s death, it was agreed that Philip would be joint king with Roxanne’s unborn child, should it prove to be male. Hence Philip was sole king for several months until Alexander IV was born, and Alexander too was sole king from Philip’s murder in 317 BC to his own death. Neither had any effective power during this period; Philip was mentally infirm and Alexander was under age.
- ^ Perdiccas (And his immediate Regency successors) did not take the title of Regent, (Epitropos) but instead styled himself 'Manager' (Epimelêtês), however his position was that of Regent in all but name.
- ^ Demetrius was proclaimed King in 306 BC with his father, but his reign in Macedonia only became effective after he ousted the Antipatrids in 294, and his power there ended after he was in turn expelled by Pyrrhus and Lysimachus in 286. His death in 283 is often given as marking the end of his reign.
- ^ Antigonus claimed the kingship upon his father's death in 283, but it was only effective after 276.
See also[edit]
- List of ancient Macedonians
- Duane A. March, "The Kings of Makedon: 399-369 BC," Historia (Franz Steiner Verlag) vol. 44, No. 3 (1995), 257-282.
