id

See also: Appendix:Variations of "id"

Translingual

Symbol

id

1. (mathematics) identity function

Numeral

id

1. (informal) A Roman numeral representing four hundred and ninety-nine (499).

Alternative forms

• (roman numeral): ID, CDXCIX, cdxcix

See also

• Previous: iid (four hundred and ninety-eight, 498)
• Next: d (five hundred, 500)

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English

Etymology 1

From New Latin id (“it”), chosen by Freud’s translator as a translation of his use of German Es as a noun for this concept from the pronoun es (“it”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪd/
• enPR: ĭd

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪd
• Homophone: it'd

Noun

id (plural ids)

1. The unconscious impulsive component of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model.
   • 1912, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World‎^[1]:

     "There is one sentence in it, however - namely: 'I protest strongly against the insufferable and entirely dogmatic assertion that each separate id is a microcosm possessed of an historical architecture elaborated slowly through the series of generations.' Have you no desire, in view of later research, to modify this statement?"

   • 2012 June 3, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Mr. Plow” (season 4, episode 9; originally aired 11/19/1992)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[2]:

     Almost as an afterthought, we’re given an origin story for Barney’s alcoholism: he was once a sober, studious, Ivy League-bound high school scholar before Homer forced a beer on him that transformed him into a drooling, slurring, out of control rampaging id.

Translations

id

• Arabic: هُوَ‎ (ar) m (huwa)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 本我 (zh) (bĕnwǒ)

• Danish: underjeg n, id n
• Dutch: Es (nl) n, id (nl) n
• Esperanto: ĝio
• Finnish: viettipohja
• French: ça (fr) m
• German: Es (de) n

• Greek: εκείνο (el) n (ekeíno)
• Hindi: इदम् (idam)
• Italian: es (it) m
• Japanese: エス (esu)
• Occitan: aquò (oc), id (oc) m
• Persian: نهاد‎ (fa) (nahâd)
• Polish: id (pl) n
• Portuguese: id (pt) m
• Spanish: ello (es) m
• Turkish: id (tr), alt benlik

Synonyms

• (unconscious impulsive component of the personality): lizard brain, reptilian brain

Coordinate terms

• ego
• superego

Further reading

• Id, ego and super-ego on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

From Swedish id.

Noun

id (plural ids)

1. Alternative spelling of ide

Etymology 3

Abbreviation of identifier.

Noun

id (plural ids)

1. (computing) Identifier.

Etymology 4

Abbreviation of idem., from Latin idem (“same”)

Pronoun

id

1. Used in citations to state that the citation is to the work immediately previously cited.

See also

• ID
• id reaction

Anagrams

• DI, Di, dI, di, di-

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Blagar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /id/

Noun

id

1. star

References

• A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1
• The Rosetta Project, Blagar Swadesh List

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Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from English id, from New Latin as a translation of German Es from the pronoun es (“it”).

Noun

id n

1. id (psychoanalysis)

Synonyms

• ono n

See also

• ego n
• superego n

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Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse ið. More at ident.

Noun

id c

1. pursuit, business, calling

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin id as a translation of German Es from the pronoun es (“it”).

Noun

id n (singular definite id'et, not used in plural form)

1. id (one of the three components of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model)

Etymology 3

Noun

id n

1. ID (identification or identity documentation, such as in ID card)

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Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈid/, [ˈid]
• Rhymes: -id
• Syllabification: id

Noun

id

1. (psychology) id

Declension

Inflection of id (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		id	idit
genitive		idin	idien
partitive		idiä	idejä
illative		idiin	ideihin
		singular	plural
nominative		id	idit
accusative	nom.	id	idit
	gen.	idin
genitive		idin	idien
partitive		idiä	idejä
inessive		idissä	ideissä
elative		idistä	ideistä
illative		idiin	ideihin
adessive		idillä	ideillä
ablative		idiltä	ideiltä
allative		idille	ideille
essive		idinä	ideinä
translative		idiksi	ideiksi
instructive		—	idein
abessive		idittä	ideittä
comitative		—	ideineen

Possessive forms of id (type risti)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	idini	idimme
2nd person	idisi	idinne
3rd person	idinsä

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Irish

Alternative forms

• id', it

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪd̪ˠ/

Contraction

id (triggers lenition)

1. (Munster) Contraction of i do (“in your”).

   Ná téigh amach id bhoinn.

   Don’t go out in your bare feet.

Related terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
fara (“along with, beside”)	fairis an	fairis na	fara mo	fara do	farana	faranár	faranar		faranarb	faranarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Further reading

• "id" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.

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Latin

Etymology

From the pronominal Proto-Indo-European *ís; see also Old Church Slavonic онъ (onŭ, “he”), Lithuanian ans (“he”), Latin idem (“the same”), and Sanskrit third person pronoun एना (enā, “that”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /id/, [ɪd̪]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /id/, [id̪]

Pronoun

id n

1. nominative neuter of is; it
2. accusative neuter of is; it

Descendants

• ⇒ Italian: desso (id + ipsum)
• → Czech: id
• → Danish: id
• → English: id

See also

Latin personal pronouns together with the possessive and reflexive pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Genitive	Dative	Accusative	Ablative	Possessive
Singular	First	—	ego	meī	mihi	mē		meus, -a, -um
	Second	—	tū	tuī	tibi	tē		tuus, -a, -um
	Reflexive third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	is	eius	eī	eum	eō	eius
		Feminine	ea			eam	eā
		Neuter	id			id	eō
Plural	First	—	nōs	nostrī, nostrum	nōbīs	nōs	nōbīs	noster, -tra, -trum
	Second	—	vōs	vestrī, vestrum	vōbīs	vōs	vōbīs	vester, -tra, -trum
	Reflexive third	—	—	suī	sibi	sē, sēsē		suus, -a, -um
	Third	Masculine	eī, iī	eōrum	eīs	eōs	eīs	eōrum
		Feminine	eae	eārum		eās		eārum
		Neuter	ea	eōrum		ea		eōrum

References

• id in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be of such and such an age: ea aetate, id aetatis esse
    
  • I wish you all success in the matter: bene id tibi vertat!
    
  • my intention is..: id sequor, ut
    
  • he attained his object: id quod voluit consecutus est
    
  • he attained his object: ad id quod voluit pervenit
    
  • with this very object: ad id ipsum
    
  • the point at issue: id, de quo agitur or id quod cadit in controversiam
    
  • a theme, subject proposed for discussion: id quod (mihi) propositum est
    
  • a theme, subject proposed for discussion: id quod quaerimus (quaeritur)
    
  • a theme, subject proposed for discussion: institutum or id quod institui
    
  • but to return from the digression we have been making: sed ad id, unde digressi sumus, revertamur
    
  • but to return from the digression we have been making: verum ut ad id, unde digressa est oratio, revertamur
    
  • the question now is..: nunc id quaeritur, agitur
    
  • the rate of interest has gone up from 4 per cent to 8 per cent: fenus ex triente Id. Quint. factum erat bessibus (Att. 4. 15. 7)
    
  • I do not take that too strictly: non id ad vivum reseco (Lael. 5. 8)
    
  • the main point: id quod maximum, gravissimum est
    
  • no wonder: nec mirum, minime mirum (id quidem), quid mirum?
    
  • there is nothing strange in that: neque id mirum est or videri debet
    
  • quite rightly: recte, iure id quidem
    
  • and rightly too: neque id immerito (iniuria)
    

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Malay

Noun

id

1. feast day

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Maltese

Etymology

From general dialectal Arabic ايد‎ (ʾīd), variant of classical يَد‎ (yad). Doublet of jedd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːt/

Noun

id f (plural idejn, plural construct state idej, diminutive wejda)

1. (anatomy) hand

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Arabic عِيد‎ (ʿīd), short for id al-fitr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪdː/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

id m

2. (Islam) Eid

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²iːdeː/ (example of pronunciation)

Alternative forms

• ID (upper case)

Noun

id m (definite singular id-en, indefinite plural id-ar, definite plural id-ane)

1. abbreviation of identitet (“identity”).
2. abbreviation of identifikasjon (“identification”).

Etymology 3

fisken id

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːd/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

id m (definite singular iden, indefinite plural idar, definite plural idane)

1. an ide, Leuciscus idus

   Synonyms: hirsling, vederbuk

Etymology 4

From Old Norse ið, íð. Confer with Swedish id.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iːd/ (example of pronunciation)

Noun

id f (definite singular ida, uncountable)

1. (archaic) effort, work

   Synonyms: ihuge, strev

Derived terms

• idast

References

• “id” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• di, ID, id.

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Polish

Etymology

From New Latin id (“it”), chosen by Freud’s translator as a translation of his use of German Es as a noun for this concept from the pronoun es (“it”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -it
• Syllabification: id

Noun

id n (indeclinable)

1. (psychoanalysis) id (the unconscious impulsive component of the personality in the Freudian psychoanalytic model)

Further reading

• id in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• id in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Noun

id m (plural ids)

1. Abbreviation of identificador.
2. Abbreviation of identificação.

Adverb

id (not comparable)

1. Abbreviation of idem.

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈid/, [ˈið̞]

Verb

id

1. Informal second-person plural (vosotros or vosotras) affirmative imperative form of ir.

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Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish idh. Attested on Södermanlands runinskrifter 60. Cognate of Icelandic ið (“fidgeting”). Arguably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -iːd

Noun

id c

1. (obsolete) effort, work, occupation

   de voro nog skilda / till stånd och id, / men samma milda / söndagsfrid / låg över alla pannor dock.

   they belonged to different stands and occupations, but their foreheads shared the same mild Sunday peace.

   det unga, kraftiga amerikanska folkets rastlösa lif och id

   the young, strong American people's restless life and work

Related terms

• idas
• idka
• idog

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -iːd

Noun

id c

1. (rare) the tree Taxus baccata, more commonly known as idegran

Declension

Declension of id
	Uncountable
	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	id	iden	—	—
Genitive	ids	idens	—	—

See also

• Taxus baccata on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Taxus baccata on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

Etymology 3

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“shine; burn”). Compare origin of braxen, löja.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -iːd

Noun

id c

1. ide; a fish, Leuciscus idus

Declension

Declension of id
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	id	iden	idar	idarna
Genitive	ids	idens	idars	idarnas

See also

• Leuciscus idus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Leuciscus idus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

Anagrams

• DI, di

References

• 1. id in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
• 2. id in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
• idh in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 1: A-L