urban
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See also: Urban
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle French urbain, from Latin urbanus, from urbs (“city”). Doublet of urbane.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɜːbən/
Audio (RP) (file) - Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)bən
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈɝbən/
- Hyphenation: ur‧ban
Adjective[edit]
urban (comparative more urban, superlative most urban)
- Related to the (or any) city.
- urban life
- urban traffic
- 2013 May 10, Audrey Garric, “Urban canopies let nature bloom”, in The Guardian Weekly[4], volume 188, number 22, page 30:
- As towns continue to grow, replanting vegetation has become a form of urban utopia and green roofs are spreading fast. Last year 1m square metres of plant-covered roofing was built in France, as much as in the US, and 10 times more than in Germany, the pioneer in this field. In Paris 22 hectares of roof have been planted, out of a potential total of 80 hectares.
- Characteristic of city life.
- (US, proscribed, outdated) Relating to contemporary African American culture, especially in music.
- (US, UK, euphemistic, offensive) (of inhabitants or residents) Black; African American.
Usage notes[edit]
- The word "urban" in a musical context came to be controversial and it was described as perpetuating and reinforcing the racial stereotyping of black communities, especially black musicians,[1] and as a "catchall for music created by Black artists, regardless of genre", leading to the music industry's replacement of it with more appropriate terms.[2]
- "Urban" as a descriptor of black inhabitants or residents is an offensive and stereotypical usage; see Dictionary.com's "Historical usage of urban" for the explanation.[3]
Antonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
of the city; characteristic of city life
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See also[edit]
References[edit]
- Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967
- urban at OneLook Dictionary Search
- urban in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
- “urban” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
- ^ Kehinde Andrews (14 August 2018), “'Urban' sounds: it's time to stop using this hackneyed term for black music”, in The Guardian[1]: “Industry executives are increasingly railing against the word, which is born out of racial stereotyping of black communities.”
- ^ Sophie Lewis (11 June 2020), “Grammy Awards renames controversial "urban" category”, in CBS News[2]: “The Grammys has announced that it is dropping the term "urban" from its awards show following criticism from black artists.”
- ^ Urban[3], Dictionary.com, 2012: “5 Offensive. (used as a euphemism for Black or African American, rather than in reference to cities or their residents)”
Anagrams[edit]
Esperanto[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urban
- accusative singular of urba
German[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urban (comparative urbaner, superlative am urbansten)
Declension[edit]
Positive forms of urban
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist urban | sie ist urban | es ist urban | sie sind urban | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | urbaner | urbane | urbanes | urbane |
genitive | urbanen | urbaner | urbanen | urbaner | |
dative | urbanem | urbaner | urbanem | urbanen | |
accusative | urbanen | urbane | urbanes | urbane | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der urbane | die urbane | das urbane | die urbanen |
genitive | des urbanen | der urbanen | des urbanen | der urbanen | |
dative | dem urbanen | der urbanen | dem urbanen | den urbanen | |
accusative | den urbanen | die urbane | das urbane | die urbanen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein urbaner | eine urbane | ein urbanes | (keine) urbanen |
genitive | eines urbanen | einer urbanen | eines urbanen | (keiner) urbanen | |
dative | einem urbanen | einer urbanen | einem urbanen | (keinen) urbanen | |
accusative | einen urbanen | eine urbane | ein urbanes | (keine) urbanen |
Comparative forms of urban
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist urbaner | sie ist urbaner | es ist urbaner | sie sind urbaner | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | urbanerer | urbanere | urbaneres | urbanere |
genitive | urbaneren | urbanerer | urbaneren | urbanerer | |
dative | urbanerem | urbanerer | urbanerem | urbaneren | |
accusative | urbaneren | urbanere | urbaneres | urbanere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der urbanere | die urbanere | das urbanere | die urbaneren |
genitive | des urbaneren | der urbaneren | des urbaneren | der urbaneren | |
dative | dem urbaneren | der urbaneren | dem urbaneren | den urbaneren | |
accusative | den urbaneren | die urbanere | das urbanere | die urbaneren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein urbanerer | eine urbanere | ein urbaneres | (keine) urbaneren |
genitive | eines urbaneren | einer urbaneren | eines urbaneren | (keiner) urbaneren | |
dative | einem urbaneren | einer urbaneren | einem urbaneren | (keinen) urbaneren | |
accusative | einen urbaneren | eine urbanere | ein urbaneres | (keine) urbaneren |
Superlative forms of urban
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | er ist am urbansten | sie ist am urbansten | es ist am urbansten | sie sind am urbansten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | urbanster | urbanste | urbanstes | urbanste |
genitive | urbansten | urbanster | urbansten | urbanster | |
dative | urbanstem | urbanster | urbanstem | urbansten | |
accusative | urbansten | urbanste | urbanstes | urbanste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der urbanste | die urbanste | das urbanste | die urbansten |
genitive | des urbansten | der urbansten | des urbansten | der urbansten | |
dative | dem urbansten | der urbansten | dem urbansten | den urbansten | |
accusative | den urbansten | die urbanste | das urbanste | die urbansten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein urbanster | eine urbanste | ein urbanstes | (keine) urbansten |
genitive | eines urbansten | einer urbansten | eines urbansten | (keiner) urbansten | |
dative | einem urbansten | einer urbansten | einem urbansten | (keinen) urbansten | |
accusative | einen urbansten | eine urbanste | ein urbanstes | (keine) urbansten |
Further reading[edit]
- “urban” in Duden online
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urban (neuter singular urbant, definite singular and plural urbane)
References[edit]
- “urban” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urban (neuter singular urbant, definite singular and plural urbane)
References[edit]
- “urban” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Piedmontese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urban
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French urbain, from Latin urbanus.
Adjective[edit]
urban m or n (feminine singular urbană, masculine plural urbani, feminine and neuter plural urbane)
Declension[edit]
Declension of urban
Related terms[edit]
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
ȕrbān (definite ȕrbānī, Cyrillic spelling у̏рба̄н)
Declension[edit]
indefinite forms
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | urban | urbana | urbano | |
genitive | urbana | urbane | urbana | |
dative | urbanu | urbanoj | urbanu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
urban urbana |
urbanu | urbano |
vocative | urban | urbana | urbano | |
locative | urbanu | urbanoj | urbanu | |
instrumental | urbanim | urbanom | urbanim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | urbani | urbane | urbana | |
genitive | urbanih | urbanih | urbanih | |
dative | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | |
accusative | urbane | urbane | urbana | |
vocative | urbani | urbane | urbana | |
locative | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | |
instrumental | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) |
definite forms
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | urbani | urbana | urbano | |
genitive | urbanog(a) | urbane | urbanog(a) | |
dative | urbanom(u/e) | urbanoj | urbanom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
urbani urbanog(a) |
urbanu | urbano |
vocative | urbani | urbana | urbano | |
locative | urbanom(e/u) | urbanoj | urbanom(e/u) | |
instrumental | urbanim | urbanom | urbanim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | urbani | urbane | urbana | |
genitive | urbanih | urbanih | urbanih | |
dative | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | |
accusative | urbane | urbane | urbana | |
vocative | urbani | urbane | urbana | |
locative | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | |
instrumental | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) | urbanim(a) |
Slovene[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ultimately from Latin urbānus.
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
urbȃn (not comparable)
Inflection[edit]
Hard | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nom. sing. | urbán | urbána | urbáno |
singular | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | urbán ind urbáni def |
urbána | urbáno |
accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim |
urbáno | urbáno |
genitive | urbánega | urbáne | urbánega |
dative | urbánemu | urbáni | urbánemu |
locative | urbánem | urbáni | urbánem |
instrumental | urbánim | urbáno | urbánim |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | urbána | urbáni | urbáni |
accusative | urbána | urbáni | urbáni |
genitive | urbánih | urbánih | urbánih |
dative | urbánima | urbánima | urbánima |
locative | urbánih | urbánih | urbánih |
instrumental | urbánima | urbánima | urbánima |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | urbáni | urbáne | urbána |
accusative | urbáne | urbáne | urbána |
genitive | urbánih | urbánih | urbánih |
dative | urbánim | urbánim | urbánim |
locative | urbánih | urbánih | urbánih |
instrumental | urbánimi | urbánimi | urbánimi |
Synonyms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “urban”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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