Suuriya
Suuriya Syrian Arab Republic الجمهورية العربية السورية Al-jumhuryah Al-arabia as-suriah |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||
Heesta qaranka: Homat el Diyar Guardians of the Land |
||||
Magaalo madax | Dimishiq 33°30′N 36°18′E / 33.500°N 36.300°E | |||
Magaalada uguwayn | Aleppo | |||
Luqadaha rasmiga ah | Af-Carabi | |||
Xukunka | ||||
- | Madaxweyne | Bashar al-Assad | ||
- | Raysulwasaare | Wael Nader al-Halqi | ||
- | Af-hayeenka | Mohammad Jihad al-Laham | ||
Sharci dejinta | Golaga shacabka | |||
La soo xulay | ||||
- | Independence from Ottoman Empire | 1 September 1918 | ||
- | Independence from France | 17 April 1946 | ||
- | Secession from the United Arab Republic |
28 September 1961 | ||
Baaxad | ||||
- | Guud ahaan | 186,475 km2 (89th) 71,479 sq mi |
||
- | Biyo (%) | 1.1 | ||
Tirada dadka | ||||
- | July 2012 qiyaasta | 22,530,746[1] (53rd) | ||
- | Mugga Dadka | 118.3/km2 (101st) 306.5/sq mi |
||
Wax soo saar (PPP) | 2012 qiyaastii | |||
- | Guud ahaan | $107.831 billion[1] | ||
- | Qof qof | $5,100[1] | ||
Wax soo saar (Iskaga magacaaban) | 2010 estimate | |||
- | Guud ahaan | $37.057 billion[1] | ||
- | Calaa qof | $2,802[1] | ||
Qaybsiga (2004) | 35.8[2] (medium) | |||
Kobaca (2011) | ![]() |
|||
Lacagta | Syrian pound (SYP ) |
|||
Waqtiga | EET (UTC+2) | |||
- | Xagaa (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||
Wadista Baabuurta | midig | |||
Furaha telka | +963b | |||
Furaha Internetka | .sy |
Suuriya (; ama سورية) waa dal ku yaala Bariga Dhexe ee qaarada Aasiya. Dalkaan wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay wadamada Lubnaan, Israaiil, Urdun, Turki iyo Ciraaq. magaalo madaxda wadanka waa Dimishiq. Suuriya waxaa degen dad gaaraaya ilaa 22,505,000 oo qof qiyaastii. Suuriya waxeey ka midtahay wadamada aadka ugud xadaarad fog dunida, waxeeyna leedahay taariikh aad u dheer, Suuriya waxeey jiri jirtay kumanaan sano kahor, waxaana soo gumeestay dawladihii cosmaaniyiinta iyo Faransiiska.
Af-Ingiriisi, magaca "Suuriya" ayaa horay u dhigma Levant (oo lagu yaqaan Carabi sida al-Sham), halka gobolka casriga ahi uu ku yaallo goobaha boqortooyooyinka dhawrka ah iyo boqortooyooyinka, oo ay ku jirto ilbaxnimada Eblan ee 3-ta mitul ee BC. Magaalada caasimadda Damascus iyo magaalada ugu weyn Aleppo waxay ka mid yihiin magaalooyinka ugu da 'weyn ee dunida ku nool. Xilligii Islaamka, Damascus wuxuu ahaa kursiga Umayyad Khaliifka iyo caasimadda gobolka ee Mamluk Sultanate ee Masar. Dawlad casri ah oo Suuriya ah ayaa la aasaasay qarnigii 20aad kaddib qarniyo badan oo Ottoman ah iyo mudo gaaban oo Faransiis ah, oo matalayay dawlad goboleedka ugu wayn ee Carabtu ka soo baxdo kuwii hore ee gobollada Siiriya ee xukumayay Suuriya. Waxa uu helay xornimad-xor ah sida Jamhuuriyadda Baarlamaanka 24-kii October 1945, markii Jamhuriyadda Suuriya ay noqotay xubin aasaasi ah oo Qaramada Midoobey ah, oo ah sharci sharci ahaan lagu soo afjaray Faransiis Mandaqadii hore - inkasta oo ciidamada Faransiisku aanay ka tagin dalka ilaa April 1946. Muddadii xorriyadda madax-bannaaniddu waxay ahayd mid baqdin leh, tiro badan oo ciidamo milatari ah iyo afgambi isku dayey in ay waddanku ku dhufteen muddadii 1949-71. Sannadkii 1958-kii, Suuriya waxay ku biirtay urur xeeladaysan oo Masar la yiraahdo Jamhuuriyadda Carabta, taas oo joojisay mujaahidiintii Siiriya 1961-kii. Jamhuuriyaddu waxa loo beddelay Jamhuuriyadda Carabta dhammaadkii 1961 kadib Diisambar 1 dastuuri ah, oo ahaa mid sii xoogaysanaya ilaa Ba'athaanka Guutada Dimoqraadiga, tan iyo markii Xisbiga Ba'ath uu hayo awoodiisa. Suuriya waxay hoos tagtay Sharciga Xaaladaha Degdega ah laga bilaabo 1963 illaa 2011, si wax ku ool ah u hakisay inta badan dastuurka ilaalinta muwaadiniinta Bashar al-Assad wuxuu ahaa madaxweynaha tan iyo sanadkii 2000, waxaana ka soo hor jeeday aabihiis Hafez al-Assad, 14-kii shaqaale ka ahaa 1971 ilaa 2000.
Tan iyo bishii Maarso 2011, Suuriya waxaa lagu soo rogay colaado hubaysan, iyada oo ay jiraan tiro ka mid ah wadamada gobolka iyo kuwa kale ee ku lug leh howlgalka militariga ama haddii kale. Sidaas darteed, tiro ka mid ah hay'ado siyaasadeed oo is-daba-joog ah ayaa ka soo baxay dhulalka Suuriya, oo ay ku jiraan mucaaradka Suuriya, Rojava, Tahrir al-Sham iyo Dawladda Islaamiga ah ee Ciraaq iyo Levant. Suuriya ayaa kaalinta ugu dambeysa ku leh caalamkii caalamiga ahaa ee nabadda, taasoo ka dhigaysa waddanka ugu xoogga badan adduunka sababo la xiriira dagaalka, inkasta oo noloshu si caadi ah u socoto inta badan dadkeeda marka loo eego December 2017. Dagaalku wuxuu keenay 470,000 dhimasho (Febraayo 2016) 7.6 milyan oo qof oo gudaha ku barokacay (Julaay 2015 qiyaasta qiyaasta) iyo in ka badan 5 milyan oo qaxooti ah (Julaay 2017 diiwaangelisay by UNHCR), sameynta qiimayntu waa ay adagtahay sannadihii la soo dhaafay.
Laga soo bilaabo qiyaastii 10,000 BC, Suuriya waxay ka mid ahayd xarumaha dhaqanka Neolithic (oo loo yaqaan Pre-Pottery Neolithic A) halkaas oo beeraha iyo lo'da ay u muuqdeen markii ugu horeysay ee aduunka. Xilliga Neolithic ee soo socda (PPNB) waxaa matala guryaha qaylo-dhaanta ah ee dhaqanka Mureybet. Waqtiga dufanka hore ee Neolithic, dadka ayaa isticmaala maraakiib ka samaysan dhagax, gyps iyo lime gubtay (Vaisselle blanche). Raadinta qalabka wax lagu cuno ee ka soo jeeda Anatolia waa caddaynta xiriirka hore ee ganacsiga. Magaalooyinka Hamokar iyo Emar ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaaray xilligii Neolithic iyo Bronze Age. Arkaeologists waxay muujiyeen in jinsiyada Suuriya ay ahayd mid ka mid ah kuwii ugu da'da weynaa ee dhulka, laga yaabee inay ka soo baxeen oo keliya kuwa Mesopotamia.
sido Kale fiiri[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 . International Monetary Fund http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2009&ey=2010&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=59&pr1.y=13&c=463&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=. Soo qaatay 22 April 2012. Maqan ama ebar
|title=
(caawin) - ↑ . Data.worldbank.org http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/. Soo qaatay 2013-01-22. Maqan ama ebar
|title=
(caawin) - ↑ (PDF). United Nations http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table1.pdf. Soo qaatay 5 November 2010. Maqan ama ebar
|title=
(caawin)