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Day of the year
December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar ; 15 days remain until the end of the year.
Pre-1600 [ edit ] 1601–1900 [ edit ] 1653 – English Interregnum : The Protectorate : Oliver Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England , Scotland and Ireland.1689 – Convention Parliament : The Declaration of Right is embodied in the Bill of Rights 1761 – Seven Years' War : After a four-month siege , the Russians under Pyotr Rumyantsev take the Prussian fortress of Kołobrzeg .1773 – American Revolution : Boston Tea Party : Members of the Sons of Liberty disguised as Mohawk Indians dump hundreds of crates of tea into Boston harbor as a protest against the Tea Act .1777 – Virginia becomes the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation . [1] 1782 – British East India Company : Muharram Rebellion : Hada and Mada Miah lead the first anti-British uprising in the subcontinent against Robert Lindsay and his contingents in Sylhet Shahi Eidgah .[7] 1811 – The first two in a series of four severe earthquakes occur in the vicinity of New Madrid, Missouri .1826 – Benjamin W. Edwards rides into Mexican-controlled Nacogdoches, Texas , and declares himself ruler of the Republic of Fredonia .1838 – Great Trek : Battle of Blood River : Voortrekkers Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal , South Africa.[8] 1843 – The discovery of octonions by John T. Graves , who denoted them with a boldface O , was announced to his mathematician friend William Hamilton , discoverer of quaternions , in a letter on this date.1850 – The Charlotte Jane Randolph Canterbury Pilgrims to Lyttelton, New Zealand .1863 – American Civil War : Joseph E. Johnston replaces Braxton Bragg as commander of the Confederate Army of Tennessee .1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Nashville : The Union's Army of the Cumberland routs and destroys the Confederacy's Army of Tennessee , ending its effectiveness as a combat unit.1880 – Outbreak of the First Boer War between the Boer South African Republic and the British Empire .1882 – Wales and England contest the first Home Nations (now Six Nations ) rugby union match.1883 – Tonkin Campaign : French forces capture the Sơn Tây citadel.1901–present [ edit ] 1903 – Taj Mahal Palace & Tower hotel in Bombay first opens its doors to guests.[9] 1905 – In Rugby Union , The "Match of the Century Wales and New Zealand at Cardiff Arms Park .[10] [11] 1907 – The American Great White Fleet begins its circumnavigation of the world.1912 – First Balkan War : The Royal Hellenic Navy defeats the Ottoman Navy at the Battle of Elli .1914 – World War I : Admiral Franz von Hipper commands a raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby .1918 – Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas declares the formation of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic ; it is dissolved in 1919.1920 – The Haiyuan earthquake of 8.5Mw , rocks the Gansu province in China, killing an estimated 200,000.1922 – President of Poland Gabriel Narutowicz is assassinated by Eligiusz Niewiadomski at the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw .1930 – Bank robber Herman Lamm and members of his crew are killed by a 200-strong posse, following a botched bank robbery, in Clinton, Indiana .1937 – Theodore Cole and Ralph Roe attempt to escape from the American federal prison on Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay ; neither is ever seen again.1938 – Adolf Hitler institutes the Cross of Honour of the German Mother .[12] 1942 – The Holocaust : Schutzstaffel chief Heinrich Himmler orders that Roma candidates for extermination be deported to Auschwitz .1944 – World War II : The Battle of the Bulge begins with the surprise offensive of three German armies through the Ardennes forest.1947 – William Shockley , John Bardeen and Walter Brattain build the first practical point-contact transistor .1950 – Korean War: In response to China's Second Phase Offensive , U.S. President Harry S. Truman declares a limited state of emergency.1960 – A United Airlines Douglas DC-8 and a TWA Lockheed Super Constellation collide over Staten Island , New York and crash, killing all 128 people aboard both aircraft and six more on the ground.1965 – Vietnam War : General William Westmoreland sends U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara a request for 243,000 more men by the end of 1966 .1968 – Second Vatican Council : Official revocation of the Edict of Expulsion of Jews from Spain .[13] 1971 – Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 : The ceasefire of the Pakistan Army brings an end to both conflicts. This is commemorated annually as Victory Day in Bangladesh, and as Vijay Diwas in India.1971 – The United Kingdom recognizes Bahrain 's independence, which is commemorated annually as Bahrain's National Day .
1978 – Cleveland, Ohio becomes the first major American city to default on its financial obligations since the Great Depression .1979 – Libya joins four other OPEC nations in raising crude oil prices , which has an immediate, dramatic effect on the United States.1985 – Paul Castellano and Thomas Bilotti are shot dead on the orders of John Gotti , who assumes leadership of New York's Gambino crime family .1989 – Romanian Revolution : Protests break out in Timișoara , Romania , in response to an attempt by the government to evict dissident Hungarian pastor László Tőkés .1989 – U.S. Appeals Court Judge Robert Smith Vance is assassinated by a mail bomb sent by Walter Leroy Moody, Jr.
1991 – Kazakhstan declares independence from the Soviet Union .[14] 2013 – A bus falls from an elevated highway in the Philippines capital Manila killing at least 18 people with 20 injured.2014 – Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan militants attack an Army Public School in Peshawar , Pakistan , killing 150 people, 132 of them schoolchildren.[15] Pre-1600 [ edit ] 1601–1900 [ edit ] 1605 – Jerome Weston, 2nd Earl of Portland , English diplomat (d. 1663)1614 – Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1674)1630 – Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort , British botanist (d. 1715)1714 – George Whitefield , English Anglican priest (d. 1770)1716 – Louis Jules Mancini Mazarini , French poet and diplomat (d. 1798)1717 – Elizabeth Carter , English poet and scholar (d. 1806)[16] 1730 – Diego Silang , Filipino revolutionary leader (d. 1763)[17] 1742 – Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher , German field marshal (d. 1819)1770 – Ludwig van Beethoven , composer (d. 1827)1775 – Jane Austen , English novelist (d. 1817)[18] 1775 – François-Adrien Boieldieu , French pianist and composer (d. 1834)
1776 – Johann Wilhelm Ritter , German chemist, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1810)1778 – John Ordronaux , French-American soldier (d. 1841)1787 – Mary Russell Mitford , English author and playwright (d. 1855)1790 – Leopold I of Belgium (d. 1865)1804 – Viktor Bunyakovsky , Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1889)1812 – Stuart Donaldson , English-Australian politician, 1st Premier of New South Wales (d. 1867)1834 – Léon Walras , French-Swiss economist and theorist (d. 1910)1836 – Ernst von Bergmann , Latvian-German surgeon and academic (d. 1907)1849 – Mary Hartwell Catherwood , American author and poet (d. 1902)[19] 1861 – Antonio de La Gándara , French painter and illustrator (d. 1917)1863 – George Santayana , Spanish philosopher, novelist, and poet (d. 1952)1865 – Olavo Bilac , Brazilian journalist and poet (d. 1918)1866 – Wassily Kandinsky , Russian-French painter and theorist (d. 1944)1867 – Amy Carmichael , Irish missionary and humanitarian (d. 1951)[20] 1869 – Hristo Tatarchev , Bulgarian physician and activist, co-founded the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (d. 1952)1869 – Bertha Lamme Feicht , American electrical engineer (d. 1943)
1872 – Anton Denikin , Russian general (d. 1947)1882 – Jack Hobbs , English cricketer and journalist (d. 1963)1882 – Zoltán Kodály , Hungarian composer, conductor, and musicologist (d. 1967)
1882 – Walther Meissner , German physicist and engineer (d. 1974)
1883 – Károly Kós , Hungarian-Romanian architect, ethnologist, and politician (d. 1977)1883 – Max Linder , French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1925)
1884 – John Gunn , Australian politician, 29th Premier of South Australia (d. 1959)1884 – Seibo Kitamura , Japanese sculptor (d. 1987)
1888 – Alexander I of Yugoslavia (d. 1934)1888 – Alphonse Juin , Algerian-French general (d. 1967)
1889 – Kim Chwa-chin , South Korean guerrilla leader (d. 1930)1895 – Marie Hall Ets , American author and illustrator (d. 1984)1896 – Anna Anderson , an imposter who claimed to be Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (d. 1984)1899 – Noël Coward , English actor, playwright, and composer (d. 1973)1900 – Lucille Lortel , American actress and producer (d. 1999)1900 – V. S. Pritchett , British writer and literary critic (d. 1997) 1901–present [ edit ] 1901 – Margaret Mead , American anthropologist and author (d. 1978)[21] 1902 – Rafael Alberti , Spanish poet and playwright (d. 1999)1903 – Hardie Albright , American actor (d. 1975)1903 – Harold Whitlock , English race walker and coach (d. 1985)
1905 – Piet Hein , Danish mathematician, author, and poet (d. 1996)1905 – Ruben Nirvi , Finnish linguist and professor (d. 1986)[22]
1907 – Barbara Kent , Canadian-born American film actress (d. 2011)1908 – Remedios Varo , Spanish-Mexican surrealist painter & anarchist (d. 1963)1910 – Freddie Brown , Peruvian-English cricketer and sportscaster (d. 1991)1913 – George Ignatieff , Russian-Canadian scholar and diplomat, 8th Canadian Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 1989)1914 – O. Winston Link , American photographer (d. 2001)1916 – Ruth Johnson Colvin , American author and educator, founded ProLiteracy Worldwide 1917 – Nabi Bux Khan Baloch , Pakistani author and scholar (d. 2011)1917 – Pete T. Cenarrusa , American soldier, pilot, and politician, Secretary of State of Idaho (d. 2013)
1917 – Arthur C. Clarke , British science fiction writer (d. 2008)[23]
1920 – Frederick Rotimi Williams , Nigerian lawyer and politician (d. 2005)1921 – Eulalio González , Mexican singer-songwriter, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2003)1922 – Cy Leslie , American record producer, founded Pickwick Records (d. 2008)1923 – Menahem Pressler , German-American pianist1923 – Ernst Florian Winter , Austrian-American historian and political scientist (d. 2014)
1924 – Nicolas Sidjakov , Latvian-American illustrator (d. 1993)1926 – James McCracken , American tenor and actor (d. 1988)1926 – A. N. R. Robinson , Tobagonian lawyer and politician, 3rd President of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 2014)[24]
1926 – Jeffrey Stone , American actor and screenwriter (d. 2012)
1927 – Peter Dickinson , Rhodesian-English author and poet (d. 2015)1927 – Randall Garrett , American author and poet (d. 1987)
1928 – Terry Carter , American actor, director, and producer1928 – Philip K. Dick , American philosopher and author (d. 1982)
1929 – Nicholas Courtney , Egyptian-English actor (d. 2011)1930 – Bill Brittain , American author (d. 2011)1930 – Sam Most , American flute player and saxophonist (d. 2013)
1930 – Bill Young , American sergeant and politician (d. 2013)
1932 – Quentin Blake , English author and illustrator1932 – Grace Alele-Williams , Nigerian mathematician and academic
1932 – Lin Zhao , Chinese dissident and Christian executed during the Cultural Revolution (d. 1968)
1936 – Morris Dees , American lawyer and activist, co-founded the Southern Poverty Law Center 1937 – Joyce Bulifant , American actress1937 – Edward Ruscha , American painter and photographer
1938 – Frank Deford , American journalist and author (d. 2017)1938 – Liv Ullmann , Norwegian actress, director, and screenwriter
1939 – Philip Langridge , English tenor (d. 2010)1939 – Gordon Miller , English high jumper
1941 – Lesley Stahl , American journalist and actress1941 – Roger Neil Wheeler , English general
1942 – Donald Carcieri , American educator and politician, 73rd Governor of Rhode Island 1943 – Steven Bochco , American television writer and producer (d. 2018)1943 – Patti Deutsch , American actress and comedian (d. 2017)[25]
1944 – Jeff Kanew , American director and screenwriter1944 – Don Meyer , American basketball player and coach (d. 2014)
1945 – Tony Hicks , English singer and guitarist1946 – Benny Andersson , Swedish singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer1946 – Charles Dennis , Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1946 – Trevor Pinnock , English harpsichord player and conductor
1946 – Tom Stern , American cinematographer
1947 – Ben Cross , English actor (d. 2020)1947 – Vincent Matthews , American sprinter
1947 – Martyn Poliakoff , English chemist and academic
1947 – Trevor Żahra , Maltese novelist, poet and illustrator[26]
1949 – Billy Gibbons , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer1949 – Heather Hallett , English lawyer and judge
1950 – Claudia Cohen , American journalist (d. 2007)1950 – Roy Schuiten , Dutch cyclist and manager (d. 2006)
1951 – Sally Emerson , English author and poet1951 – Mike Flanagan , American baseball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2011)
1951 – Robben Ford , American guitarist and songwriter
1951 – Mark Heard , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1992)
1951 – Aykut Barka , Turkish scientist (d. 2002)
1952 – Joel Garner , Barbadian cricketer and manager1952 – Francesco Graziani , Italian footballer and manager
1953 – Rebecca Forstadt , American voice actress and screenwriter1955 – Xander Berkeley , American actor and producer1955 – Carol Browner , American lawyer and environmentalist, 8th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
1955 – Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este
1955 – Chiharu Matsuyama , Japanese singer-songwriter
1956 – Lizzy Mercier Descloux , French musician, singer-songwriter, composer, actress, writer and painter (d. 2004)1957 – Antonio Vega , Spanish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2009)1958 – Bart Oates , American football player and lawyer1959 – H. D. Kumaraswamy , Indian social worker and politician, 18th Chief Minister of Karnataka 1959 – Alexander Lebedev , Russian businessman and politician
1959 – Steve Mattsson , American author and illustrator
1960 – Pat Van Den Hauwe , Belgian footballer and manager1961 – André Andersen , Russian-Danish keyboard player, songwriter, and producer1961 – Shane Black , American actor, director, and screenwriter
1961 – Bill Hicks , American comedian and musician (d. 1994)
1961 – LaChanze , American actress, singer, and dancer
1961 – Jon Tenney , American actor and director
1962 – Maruschka Detmers , Dutch-French actress1962 – William Perry , American football player and wrestler
1963 – Benjamin Bratt , American actor and producer1963 – Cathy Johnston-Forbes , American golfer
1963 – James Mangold , American director, producer, and screenwriter
1964 – Heike Drechsler , German sprinter and long jumper1964 – John Kirwan , New Zealand rugby player and coach
1964 – Georgie Parker , Australian actress
1964 – Billy Ripken , American baseball player and sportscaster
1964 – Todd Glass , American comedian
1965 – Chris Jones , American baseball player and manager1965 – Melanie Sloan , American lawyer and activist
1966 – Paul McGinley , Irish golfer1966 – Clifford Robinson , American basketball player (d. 2020)
1966 – Dennis Wise , English footballer and manager
1967 – Donovan Bailey , Canadian sprinter and sportscaster1967 – Indrek Kaseorg , Estonian decathlete
1967 – Miranda Otto , Australian actress
1968 – Wendy Doolan , Australian golfer1968 – Lalah Hathaway , American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer
1968 – Greg Kovacs , Canadian bodybuilder (d. 2013)
1969 – Simon Grayson , English footballer and manager1969 – Adam Riess , American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic Nobel Prize laureate
1969 – Michelle Smith , Irish swimmer
1969 – Dmitri Tymoczko , American composer and theorist
1969 – Craig White , English cricketer and coach
1969 – Kent Hehr , Canadian politician
1970 – Valerie Chow , Canadian-Hong Kong actress and publicist1971 – Seyhan Kurt , French-Turkish poet and sociologist1971 – Michael McCary , American R&B singer
1972 – Charles Gipson , American baseball player1972 – Paul Leyden , Australian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
1972 – Travis Morrison , American singer-songwriter
1973 – Themba Mnguni , South African footballer1973 – Scott Storch , American songwriter and producer, founded Storch Music Company
1975 – Valentin Bădoi , Romanian footballer and manager1975 – Kaba Diawara , French-Guinean footballer
1975 – Benjamin Kowalewicz , Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1975 – Paul Maynard , English politician
1976 – Jen Golbeck , American computer scientist and academic1977 – Éric Bélanger , Canadian ice hockey player1977 – Sylvain Distin , French footballer
1978 – John Morris , Canadian curler and firefighter1978 – Gunter Van Handenhoven , Belgian footballer and manager
1979 – Trevor Immelman , South African golfer1979 – Daniel Narcisse , French handball player[27]
1979 – Mihai Trăistariu , Romanian singer-songwriter
1979 – Jessie Ward , American wrestler and producer
1980 – Danish Kaneria , Pakistani cricketer1981 – Krysten Ritter , American actress, musician, and model1981 – Gareth Williams , Scottish footballer
1982 – Antrel Rolle , American football player1982 – Anna Sedokova , Ukrainian singer, actress and television presenter
1982 – Stanislav Šesták , Slovak footballer
1983 – Kelenna Azubuike , American basketball player1983 – Frankie Ballard , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1984 – Theo James , English actor1985 – Stanislav Manolev , Bulgarian footballer1985 – James Nash , English race car driver
1986 – Alcides Escobar , Venezuelan baseball player1986 – Zoltán Kovács , Hungarian footballer (d. 2013)
1986 – Pärt Uusberg , Estonian actor, composer, and conductor.
1987 – Mame Biram Diouf , Senegalese footballer1987 – Beau Dowler , Australian footballer
1987 – Hallee Hirsh , American actress
1988 – Mats Hummels , German footballer1988 – Anna Popplewell , English actress
1989 – Mirei Kiritani , Japanese model, actress, and journalist1991 – Craig Goodwin , Australian footballer1992 – Ulrikke Eikeri , Norwegian tennis player1992 – Anamul Haque , Bangladeshi cricketer
1992 – Moe Miura , Japanese model, actress, and singer
1992 – Pietro Perdichizzi , Belgian footballer
1992 – Tom Rogic , Australian footballer
1994 – Elliot Lee , English footballer1994 – Nicola Murru , Italian footballer
1994 – José Rodríguez Martínez , Spanish footballer
1997 – Zara Larsson , Swedish singer and songwriter1998 – Mira Antonitsch , Austrian tennis playerPre-1600 [ edit ] 604 – Houzhu , emperor of the Chen dynasty (b. 553)705 – Wu Zetian , Empress of the Zhou dynasty (b. 624)714 – Pepin of Herstal , Frankish statesman (b. 635)867 – Eberhard of Friuli , Frankish duke (b. 815)874 – Ado , archbishop of Vienne882 – John VIII , pope of the Catholic Church902 – Wei Yifan , chancellor of the Tang dynasty999 – Adelaide of Italy , Holy Roman Empress (b. 931)1153 – Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester , Norman nobleman1263 – Haakon IV , king of Norway (b. 1204)1316 – Öljaitü , Mongolian ruler (b. 1280)1325 – Charles , French nobleman (b. 1270)1378 – Secondotto , marquess of Montferrat (b. 1360)1379 – John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel , English general and politician, Lord Marshall of England (b. 1348)1470 – John II , duke of Lorraine (b. 1424)1474 – Ali Qushji , Uzbek astronomer, mathematician, and physicist (b. 1403)1515 – Afonso de Albuquerque , Portuguese admiral and politician, 3rd Viceroy of Portuguese India (b. 1453)1558 – Thomas Cheney , English diplomat and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 1583 – Ivan Fyodorov , Russian printer1594 – Allison Balfour , Scottish witch1598 – Yi Sun-sin , Korean general (b. 1545)1601–1900 [ edit ] 1669 – Nathaniel Fiennes , English soldier and politician (b. 1608)1687 – William Petty , English economist and philosopher (b. 1623)1751 – Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (b. 1700)1774 – François Quesnay , French economist, physician, and philosopher (b. 1694)1783 – Johann Adolph Hasse , German composer and educator (b. 1699)1783 – Sir William James, 1st Baronet , Welsh-English commander and politician (b. 1720)
1805 – Saverio Cassar , Gozitan priest and rebel leader (b. 1746)1809 – Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy , French chemist and entomologist (b. 1755)1859 – Wilhelm Grimm , German anthropologist and author (b. 1786)1892 – Henry Yesler , American businessman and politician, 7th Mayor of Seattle (b. 1810)1897 – Alphonse Daudet , French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1840)1898 – Pavel Tretyakov , Russian businessman and art collector (b. 1832)1901–present [ edit ] 1908 – American Horse , American tribal leader and educator (b. 1840)1917 – Frank Gotch , American wrestler (b. 1878)1921 – Camille Saint-Saëns , French pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1835)1922 – Gabriel Narutowicz , Lithuanian–Polish engineer and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1865)1928 – Elinor Wylie , American poet and author (b. 1885)1935 – Thelma Todd , American actress and comedian (b. 1905)1936 – Frank Eugene , American-German photographer and educator (b. 1865)1940 – Eugène Dubois , Dutch paleoanthropologist (b. 1858)1940 – Billy Hamilton , American baseball player and manager (b. 1866)
1943 – George Bambridge , English diplomat (b. 1892)1944 – Betsie ten Boom , Dutch Holocaust victim (b. 1885)1945 – Giovanni Agnelli , Italian businessman, founded Fiat (b. 1866)1945 – Fumimaro Konoe , Japanese lawyer and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1891)
1949 – Sidney Olcott , Canadian-American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1873)1952 – Robert Henry Best , American journalist (b. 1896)1956 – Nina Hamnett , Welsh painter and author (b. 1890)1961 – Hans Rebane , Estonian journalist and politician, 8th Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1882)1965 – W. Somerset Maugham , British playwright, novelist, and short story writer (b. 1874)1968 – Futabayama Sadaji , Japanese sumo wrestler, the 35th Yokozuna (b. 1912)1968 – Muhammad Suheimat , Jordanian general and politician (b. 1916)
1969 – Alphonse Castex , French rugby union player (b. 1899)1969 – Soe Hok Gie , Indonesian activist and academic (b. 1942)
1970 – Oscar Lewis , American anthropologist of Latin America (b. 1914)1974 – Kostas Varnalis , Greek poet and playwright (b. 1884)1976 – Réal Caouette , Canadian journalist and politician (b. 1917)1977 – Risto Jarva , Finnish director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1934)1980 – Colonel Sanders , American businessman, founded KFC (b. 1890)1980 – Hellmuth Walter , German-American engineer (b. 1900)
1982 – Colin Chapman , English engineer and businessman, founded Lotus Cars (b. 1928)1983 – Debs Garms , American baseball player (b. 1907)1984 – Karl Deichgräber , German philologist and academic (b. 1903)1985 – Thomas Bilotti , American mobster (b. 1940)1985 – Paul Castellano , American mobster (b. 1915)
1989 – Oscar Alfredo Gálvez , Argentinian race car driver (b. 1913)1989 – Silvana Mangano , Italian actress (b. 1930)
1989 – Aileen Pringle , American actress (b. 1895)
1989 – Lee Van Cleef , American actor (b. 1925)
1991 – Eszter Tamási , Hungarian actress and journalist (b. 1938)1993 – Moses Gunn , American actor (b. 1929)1993 – Kakuei Tanaka , Japanese soldier and politician, 64th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1918)
1996 – Quentin Bell , English historian and author (b. 1910)1997 – Lillian Disney , American illustrator and philanthropist (b. 1899)1998 – William Gaddis , American author and academic (b. 1922)2001 – Stuart Adamson , English-Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1958)2001 – Stefan Heym , German-American soldier and author (b. 1913)
2003 – Robert Stanfield , Canadian economist, lawyer, and politician, 17th Premier of Nova Scotia (b. 1914)2003 – Gary Stewart , American singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
2004 – Ted Abernathy , American baseball player (b. 1933)2004 – Deyda Hydara , Gambian journalist, co-founded The Point
2004 – Agnes Martin , American painter and educator (b. 1912)
2005 – Kenneth Bulmer , English author (b. 1921)2005 – Ed Hansen , American director and screenwriter (b. 1937)
2005 – John Spencer , American actor (b. 1946)
2006 – Don Jardine , Canadian wrestler and trainer (b. 1940)2006 – Taliep Petersen , South African singer-songwriter and director (b. 1950)
2006 – Pnina Salzman , Israeli pianist and educator (b. 1922)
2006 – Stanford J. Shaw , American historian and academic (b. 1930)
2007 – Dan Fogelberg , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1951)2009 – Roy E. Disney , American businessman (b. 1930)2009 – Yegor Gaidar , Russian economist and politician, Prime Minister of Russia (b. 1956)
2009 – Manto Tshabalala-Msimang , South African physician and politician, 22nd South African Minister of Health (b. 1940)
2010 – Melvin E. Biddle , American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1923)2010 – Ayinde Barrister , Nigerian fuji musician (b. 1948)
2011 – Robert Easton , American actor and screenwriter (b. 1930)2011 – Nicol Williamson , Scottish actor (b. 1938)
2012 – Elwood V. Jensen , American biologist and academic (b. 1920)2012 – Jake Adam York , American poet and academic (b. 1972)
2013 – James Flint , English commander (b. 1913)2013 – Ray Price , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1926)
2013 – Marta Russell , American journalist, author, and activist (b. 1951)
2014 – Martin Brasier , English paleontologist, biologist, and academic (b. 1947)2014 – Tim Cochran , American mathematician and academic (b. 1955)
2015 – Peter Dickinson , Rhodesian-English author and poet (b. 1927)2015 – Lizmark , Mexican wrestler (b. 1950)
2015 – George Earl Ortman , American painter and sculptor (b. 1926)
2017 – Keely Smith , American singer and actress (b. 1928)[28] Holidays and observances [ edit ] References [ edit ]
^ David, Saul (2009). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Warfare: From Ancient Egypt to Iraq ISBN 9780756695484 ^ Beckwith, Christopher (1993). The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power Among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs and Chinese During the Early Middle Ages ISBN 9780691024691 ^ Grummitt, David (2015). Henry VI ISBN 978-1-317-48260-4 ^ Rich, Jeremy (2012). "Gama, Vasco da". In Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis, Jr. (eds.). Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 2: Brath—Haile ISBN 9780195382075 ^ Lomnitz, Cinna (May 2004). "Major Earthquakes of Chile: A Historical Survey, 1535-1960". Seismological Research Letters . 75 (3): 370. doi :10.1785/gssrl.75.3.368 . ^ Rucker, Spencer C. (2015). "Imjin War: 1582-1598". Wars That Changed History: 50 of the World's Greatest Conflicts ISBN 9781610697859 ^ Ahmed, M Shamim (12 June 2018). "সিলেটের শাহী ঈদগাহ ইতিহাস ঐতিহ্য" (in Bengali). Sylhet: Sheersha Khobor. Archived from the original on 2 April 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019 . ^ "Public holidays in South Africa" . Government of South Africa. Retrieved 3 May 2017 .^ Lopez, Rachel (5 January 2012). "10 things to know about the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel" . Vogue India . Retrieved 24 November 2021 . ^ All Blacks.com http://stats.allblacks.com/asp/teamsheet.asp?MT_ID=1083 . Retrieved 14 September 2021 .^ "The history of WALES v NEW ZEALAND" . World Rugby Museum.com . RugbyRelics.^ "Gold Mother's Cross" . The National Holocaust Centre and Museum . Retrieved 27 June 2020 .^ "Timeline of the Spanish Inquisition" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 27 June 2020 .^ Müllerson, Rejn Avovič; Fitzmaurice, Malgosia; Andenæs, Mads Tønnesson (1998). Constitutional Reforms and International Law in Central and Eastern Europe ISBN 978-90-411-0526-4 ^ "Pakistan remembers school attack" . BBC News . Retrieved 27 June 2020 .^ "Elizabeth Carter | British author" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 24 October 2021 .^ Palanco, Fernando (2002). "Diego Silang's Revolt: A New Approach" . Philippine Studies . 50 (4): 518, 529. Retrieved 18 November 2018 . ^ "Jane Austen | Biography & Novels" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 11 January 2020 .^ Robert, Price (1971). "Catherwood, Mary Hartwell". In James, Edward T. (ed.). Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary . Vol. 1. p. 308. ISBN 978-0-67462-734-5 ^ Hoadley Dick, Lois (1984). Amy Carmichael: Let the Little Children Come . Chicago: Moody Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-80240-433-6 ^ "Margaret Mead | Biography, Theory, Books, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 16 February 2020 .^ Ellonen, Leena (ed.): Suomen professorit 1640–2007 , p. 575. Helsinki: Professoriliitto, 2008. ISBN 978-952-99281-1-8 .
^ "Arthur C. Clarke | Biography, Works, & Facts" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 13 December 2020 .^ Bourne, Richard (13 April 2014). "ANR Robinson obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ "Patti Deutsch Ross" . Los Angeles Times ^ "Trevor Zahra" . Malta Society of Arts . Archived from the original on 13 February 2017.^ "Daniel Narcisse" . International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 29 April 2020 .^ Vacher, Peter (17 December 2017). "Keely Smith obituary" . The Guardian . Retrieved 27 January 2020 . ^ Cooper, J. C. (2013). Dictionary of Christianity . Abingdon, Oxon. p. 3. ISBN 9781315074047
External links [ edit ]
