Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/March
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| An archive of historical anniversaries that appeared on the Main Page 2022 day arrangement | ||||||
March 1: Disability Day of Mourning; Shrove Tuesday / Mardi Gras (Western Christianity, 2022); Independence Day in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992); Saint David's Day in Wales; Yap Day in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia
Bison in Yellowstone
- 1562 – An attempt by Francis, Duke of Guise, to disperse a church service by Huguenots in Wassy, France, turned into a massacre, resulting in 50 dead, and starting the French Wars of Religion.
- 1872 – Yellowstone National Park (bison pictured), located mostly in the present-day U.S. state of Wyoming, was established as the world's first national park.
- 1944 – World War II: American and Australian troops won the Battle of Sio in New Guinea.
- 2008 – The Armenian military and national police attacked a crowd of people protesting the results of the recent election in Yerevan, leading to 10 deaths and over 100 arrests.
- George Wishart (d. 1546)
- Théophile Delcassé (b. 1852)
- Robert Bork (b. 1927)
More anniversaries:
March 2: Ash Wednesday (Western Christianity, 2022); the Nineteen-Day Fast begins (Baháʼí Faith, 2022)
Vladimír Remek
- 1444 – The League of Lezhë, an alliance of regional chieftains, was established in Venetian Albania with Skanderbeg as their commander.
- 1859 – The Great Slave Auction, the largest single sale of slaves in U.S. history, with more than 400 people sold, began in Georgia.
- 1919 – Communist, revolutionary-socialist, and syndicalist delegates met in Moscow to establish the Communist International.
- 1962 – Led by General Ne Win, the Burmese military seized power in a coup d'état.
- 1978 – As a cosmonaut on Soyuz 28, Czechoslovak military pilot Vladimír Remek (pictured) became the first person from outside the Soviet Union or the United States to go into space.
- Pope Adrian VI (b. 1459)
- James A. Gilmore (b. 1876)
- Lionel Matthews (d. 1944)
March 3: Liberation Day in Bulgaria (1878); Hinamatsuri in Japan
Poster for the premiere of Carmen
- 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Samuel Nicholas and the Continental Marines successfully landed on New Providence in the Bahamas and began a raid of Nassau, capturing the port the next day.
- 1875 – French composer Georges Bizet's opera Carmen (poster pictured), based on the novella of the same title by Prosper Mérimée, premiered at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
- 1945 – Second World War: The Royal Air Force mistakenly bombed the neighbourhood of Bezuidenhout in The Hague, killing 511 evacuees.
- 1972 – The British rock band Jethro Tull released Thick as a Brick, a parody concept album allegedly adapted from an eight-year-old boy's epic poem.
- 2012 – Two passenger trains collided near Szczekociny, Poland, resulting in 16 deaths and 58 injuries.
- Michael Kantakouzenos Şeytanoğlu (d. 1578)
- Ghulam Kadir (d. 1789)
- Tolu Ogunlesi (b. 1982)
March 4: Feast day of Saint Casimir (Catholicism)
John Flamsteed
- 1675 – John Flamsteed (pictured) was appointed the first Astronomer Royal by King Charles II of England.
- 1804 – Irish convicts formerly involved at the Battle of Vinegar Hill during the Irish Rebellion of 1798 began an uprising against British colonial authorities in New South Wales, Australia.
- 1837 – Chicago, Illinois, was incorporated as a city after its population increased in seven years from 200 to more than 4,000.
- 1943 – The Holocaust: Almost all Jews in Bulgarian-occupied northern Greece were deported to Treblinka extermination camp to be killed.
- 2012 – A series of blasts occurred at an arms dump in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo, killing at least 250 people and injuring 2,300 others.
- Stephen III of Hungary (d. 1172)
- Miriam Makeba (b. 1932)
- Harold Barrowclough (d. 1972)
March 5: Learn from Lei Feng Day in China; St Piran's Day in Cornwall, England
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Gordon French, co-founder of the Homebrew Computer Club
- 363 – Roman–Persian Wars: Roman emperor Julian and his army set out from Antioch to attack the Sasanian Empire.
- 1279 – The Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order suffered a great loss when 71 knights died in the Battle of Aizkraukle.
- 1824 – The First Anglo-Burmese War, the longest and most expensive war in British Indian history, began.
- 1966 – BOAC Flight 911 disintegrated and crashed near Mount Fuji shortly after departure from Tokyo International Airport, killing all 113 passengers and 11 crew members on board.
- 1975 – Computer hobbyists in Silicon Valley held the first meeting of the Homebrew Computer Club (founder pictured), whose members went on to have great influence on the development of the personal computer.
- Gerardus Mercator (b. 1512)
- Alessandro Volta (d. 1827)
- Elaine Paige (b. 1948)
Muhammad Ali
- 1447 – Tomaso Parentucelli became Pope Nicholas V.
- 1853 – Giuseppe Verdi's La traviata premiered at La Fenice in Venice, but the performance was considered so bad that it caused him to revise portions of the opera.
- 1933 – The Nazi Party took the first step in the Gleichschaltung process by passing the Enabling Act, giving the government the right to make laws without the involvement of the Reichstag.
- 1964 – In a radio broadcast, Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad announced that American boxer Cassius Clay would change his name to Muhammad Ali (pictured).
- 1987 – The ferry Herald of Free Enterprise capsized while leaving the harbour of Zeebrugge, Belgium, killing 193 people on board.
- Princess Clémentine of Orléans (b. 1817)
- Ayn Rand (d. 1982)
- Francisco Xavier do Amaral (d. 2012)
March 7: Feast day of Saints Perpetua and Felicity (Catholicism, Anglicanism, Lutheranism); National Heroes and Benefactors Day in Belize (2022)
Artist's impression of the Kepler space telescope
- 1277 – Bishop Étienne Tempier promulgated a condemnation of 219 heretical propositions that were being discussed at the University of Paris.
- 1814 – War of the Sixth Coalition: Napoleon's army forced Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov's Russian troops to withdraw from the Chemin des Dames, but French casualties exceeded Russian losses.
- 1985 – The charity single "We Are the World" by the supergroup United Support of Artists for Africa was released, and went on to sell more than 20 million copies.
- 2009 – The Kepler space telescope (depicted), designed to discover Earth-like planets orbiting other stars, was launched.
- Heraclianus (d. 413)
- Harriet Jacobs (d. 1897)
- Viv Richards (b. 1952)
March 8: International Women's Day; Aurat March in Pakistan
Anne of Great Britain
- 1702 – Anne (pictured) became the Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland, succeeding her brother-in-law William III.
- 1736 – Nader Shah, the founder of the Afsharid dynasty, was crowned Shah of Iran.
- 1919 – During the Egyptian Revolution, British authorities arrested rebel leader Saad Zaghloul and exiled him to Malta.
- 1983 – Cold War: In a speech to the National Association of Evangelicals in Orlando, Florida, U.S. president Ronald Reagan described the Soviet Union as an "evil empire".
- 2017 – The Azure Window, a limestone natural arch in Gozo, Malta, collapsed during a storm.
- Beatrice of Castile (b. 1293)
- Frederic Goudy (b. 1865)
- José Raúl Capablanca (d. 1942)
Svetlana Alliluyeva
- 1776 – Scottish political economist Adam Smith's book The Wealth of Nations, the first modern work in the field of economics, was first published.
- 1842 – Awaking from a nap under a tree at Rancho San Francisco, Francisco López made the first popularly documented discovery of gold in California.
- 1946 – Thirty-three people were killed in a human crush at Burnden Park, a football stadium in Bolton, England.
- 1967 – Svetlana Alliluyeva (pictured), the daughter of former Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, defected to the United States.
- 1978 – The Jagorawi Toll Road, the first toll highway in Indonesia, was inaugurated by President Suharto.
- Mary Anning (d. 1847)
- Qayyum Chowdhury (b. 1932)
- George Singh (d. 1999)
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Artist's impression of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
- 1915 – The Battle of Neuve Chapelle, the first deliberately planned British offensive of the First World War, began.
- 1945 – World War II: The United States Army Air Forces conducted a firebombing raid on Tokyo that killed at least 90,000 people.
- 1959 – An anti-Chinese uprising began as thousands of Tibetans surrounded the Potala Palace in Lhasa to prevent the Dalai Lama from leaving or being removed by the Chinese army.
- 1990 – Eighteen months after seizing power, Prosper Avril was ousted as the military head of state of Haiti.
- 2006 – NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (artist's impression pictured) reached and entered orbit around Mars.
- Tvrtko I of Bosnia (d. 1391)
- Marie-Eugénie de Jésus (d. 1898)
- Nikita Parris (b. 1994)
Aftermath of the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami at Sendai Airport
- 222 – Disaffected with Roman emperor Elagabalus's disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos, the Praetorian Guard assassinated him and his mother, throwing his mutilated body into the Tiber.
- 1851 – Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi's opera Rigoletto premiered at La Fenice in Venice.
- 1946 – Rudolf Höss, the first commandant of Auschwitz concentration camp, was captured by British troops.
- 1978 – After hijacking a bus north of Tel Aviv, Israel, members of the Palestine Liberation Organization faction Fatah engaged in a shootout with police, resulting in the deaths of 38 civilians and most of the perpetrators.
- 2011 – A massive earthquake and tsunami struck northeastern Japan (damage pictured) and triggered a nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.
- Stanisław Koniecpolski (d. 1646)
- Nicolaas Bloembergen (b. 1920)
- Cassandra Fairbanks (b. 1985)
Franklin D. Roosevelt after one of his fireside chats
- 1881 – Andrew Watson captained the Scotland national football team against England, becoming the world's first black international footballer.
- 1913 – At a ceremony at Kurrajong Hill, Lady Denman, wife of Governor-General Lord Denman, announced that Canberra would be the name of the future capital of Australia.
- 1933 – U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (pictured) delivered the first of his fireside chats, addressing the nation directly via radio.
- 1952 – British diplomat Lord Ismay was appointed the first secretary general of NATO.
- 1971 – The Turkish Armed Forces executed a "coup by memorandum", forcing the resignation of Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel.
- Stefan Dragutin (d. 1316)
- William Lyon Mackenzie (b. 1795)
- Wally Schirra (b. 1923)
Deportation of Jews from the Kraków Ghetto
- 1567 – A Spanish mercenary army surprised a band of rebels at the Battle of Oosterweel in the Habsburg Netherlands, beginning the Eighty Years' War.
- 1781 – William Herschel discovered the planet Uranus from the garden of his house in Bath, England, initially considering it to be a comet.
- 1943 – The Holocaust: Nazi troops began the final liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto in Poland, sending about 2,000 Jews to the Płaszów labor camp (deportation pictured), with the remaining 5,000 either killed or sent to Auschwitz.
- 1986 – Claiming the right of innocent passage, the American warships Yorktown and Caron entered Soviet territorial waters in the Black Sea.
- 2013 – Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio was elected Pope Francis, making him the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, and the first from the Southern Hemisphere.
- Percival Lowell (b. 1855)
- Helen Renton (b. 1931)
- Encarnacion Alzona (d. 2001)
March 14: New Year's Day (Sikhism); White Day in parts of East Asia; Pi Day; Commonwealth Day in the Commonwealth of Nations (2022)
John Byng
- 1593 – Japanese invasions of Korea: A force of 3,000 Korean soldiers successfully defended Haengju Fortress against 30,000 Japanese invaders.
- 1757 – Royal Navy Admiral John Byng (pictured) was executed by firing squad for failing to "do his utmost" during the Battle of Minorca at the start of the Seven Years' War.
- 1931 – Alam Ara, the first Indian sound film, premiered at the Majestic Cinema in Bombay.
- 1972 – Italian publisher Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, known for his translation of Boris Pasternak's novel Doctor Zhivago after it had been smuggled out of the Soviet Union, died in an explosion.
- 1988 – China defeated Vietnam in a naval battle as the former attempted to establish oceanographic observation posts on the Spratly Islands.
- John Sigismund Zápolya (d. 1571)
- S. Truett Cathy (b. 1921)
- Ieng Sary (d. 2013)
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Detail from The Death of Julius Caesar by Vincenzo Camuccini
- 44 BC – Julius Caesar, the dictator of the Roman Republic, was stabbed to death (depicted) by a group of senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus.
- 1783 – George Washington delivered a speech to Continental Army officers in Newburgh, New York, asking them to support the supremacy of the Congress of the Confederation, defusing a potential coup.
- 1927 – In rowing, Oxford defeated Cambridge in the inaugural edition of the Women's Boat Race.
- 1951 – The Iranian oil industry was nationalized in a movement led by Mohammad Mosaddegh.
- 2019 – A lone gunman carried out two consecutive mass shootings during Friday prayers at mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, resulting in 51 deaths.
- Ernulf (d. 1124)
- Eusebio Kino (d. 1711)
- Robin Hunicke (b. 1973)
March 16: Fast of Esther (Judaism, 2022); Remembrance Day of the Latvian Legionnaires
My Lai Massacre
- 597 BC – Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II captured Jerusalem and installed Zedekiah as King of Judah.
- 1621 – Samoset, a member of the Abenaki tribe, walked into Plymouth Colony and greeted the Pilgrims in English (depicted).
- 1689 – The Royal Welch Fusiliers, one of the oldest line-infantry regiments of the British Army, was founded.
- 1968 – Vietnam War: American soldiers killed hundreds of unarmed civilians in the Sơn Mỹ village in the Sơn Tịnh District of South Vietnam.
- 2003 – American peace activist Rachel Corrie was crushed to death by an Israel Defense Forces armored bulldozer in Rafah while protesting the demolition of a Palestinian house.
- John Leverett (d. 1678/79)
- Antoine-Jean Gros (b. 1771)
- Jorge Ramos (b. 1958)
March 17: Saint Patrick's Day (Christianity); Purim (Judaism, 2022); Anniversary of the unification of Italy (1861)
Aftermath of the Cebu Douglas C-47 crash
- 1452 – Reconquista: Combined Castilian and Murcian forces defeated the Emirate of Granada at the Battle of Los Alporchones around the city of Lorca.
- 1860 – New Zealand Wars: A property dispute between the colonial government and Māori landowners in Waitara instigated the First Taranaki War.
- 1957 – A plane crash (wreckage pictured) on the slopes of Mount Manunggal killed Philippine president Ramon Magsaysay and 24 others.
- 1991 – In a referendum, nearly 70 percent of voters in nine Soviet republics agreed that the Soviet Union should be preserved.
- 2011 – First Libyan Civil War: The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 1973, authorizing military intervention in Libya to protect civilians.
- William F. Raynolds (b. 1820)
- Walter Rudolf Hess (b. 1881)
- Margaret Whitlam (d. 2012)
March 18: Feast day of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem (Christianity)
Pemex Executive Tower, Mexico City
- 1241 – First Mongol invasion of Poland: Mongol forces defeated the Polish armies of Sandomierz and Kraków at the Battle of Chmielnik.
- 1793 – War of the First Coalition: Habsburg and Dutch Republic troops repulsed a series of French assaults after bitter fighting near Neerwinden in present-day Belgium.
- 1938 – Mexican president Lázaro Cárdenas issued a decree expropriating foreign-owned oil reserves and facilities, which were later incorporated into Pemex (headquarters pictured), a state-owned petroleum company.
- 1977 – The punk group the Clash released their first single, "White Riot", described as their "most controversial song".
- 1996 – The deadliest fire in Philippine history broke out at a nightclub in Quezon City, causing 162 deaths.
- Matthew III Csák (d. 1321)
- Charlotte Elliott (b. 1789)
- Hiroh Kikai (b. 1945)
March 19: Saint Joseph's Day (Western Christianity)
Clara Zetkin
- 1279 – Mongol conquest of Song China: Emperor Bing, the last emperor of the Song dynasty, drowned at the end of the Battle of Yamen, bringing the dynasty to an end after three centuries.
- 1563 – The Edict of Amboise was signed, ending the first war in the French Wars of Religion and inaugurating a period of official peace that lasted until 1567.
- 1911 – Established by Clara Zetkin (pictured), Käte Duncker, and others, International Women's Day was first observed.
- 1979 – The American cable television network C-SPAN, dedicated to airing non-stop coverage of government proceedings and public-affairs programming, was launched.
- 2011 – First Libyan Civil War: The French Air Force launched Opération Harmattan, beginning foreign military intervention in Libya.
- Jan Zamoyski (b. 1542)
- Anna Held (b. 1872)
- Maria Bergson (d. 2009)
Chemical structure of zidovudine
- 1854 – The Republican Party was founded in Ripon, Wisconsin, by politicians opposing the Kansas–Nebraska Act and the expansion of slavery in the United States.
- 1883 – Eleven countries signed the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, one of the first intellectual-property treaties.
- 1939 – Germany issued an ultimatum to Lithuania, demanding the return of the Klaipėda Region under threat of invasion.
- 1987 – The antiretroviral drug zidovudine (chemical structure depicted) became the first treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for HIV/AIDS.
- 2014 – Taliban militants carried out a mass shooting at the Kabul Serena Hotel in Afghanistan, killing nine civilians.
- Muhammad bin Tughluq (d. 1351)
- Isaac Newton (d. 1726/27)
- Eva Burrows (d. 2015)
March 21: Nowruz in Iran and other parts of Central Asia (Baháʼí Faith and Zoroastrianism, 2022)Oltenia Day in Romania
Statue of Phra Phrom at the Erawan Shrine
- 1556 – Former Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer, one of the founders of Anglicanism, was burnt at the stake for heresy in Oxford, England.
- 1861 – Alexander H. Stephens, Vice President of the Confederate States of America, gave an extemporaneous speech laying out the Confederacy's rationale for seceding from the United States.
- 1968 – War of Attrition: The Battle of Karameh took place between the Israel Defense Forces and allied troops of the Palestine Liberation Organization and the Jordanian Armed Forces.
- 2006 – A man smashed the statue of Phra Phrom (pictured) at the Erawan Shrine in Bangkok, Thailand, with a hammer, and was subsequently beaten to death by bystanders.
- John Law (d. 1729)
- Al Williamson (b. 1931)
- Marina Salye (d. 2012)
William Woods Holden
- 106 – The Bostran era, the official era of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea, began.
- 1638 – Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for her participation in the Antinomian Controversy.
- 1765 – The Parliament of Great Britain passed the Stamp Act, requiring that many printed materials in the Thirteen Colonies in British America carry a tax stamp.
- 1871 – William Woods Holden (pictured), Governor of North Carolina, became the first U.S. state governor to be removed from office through impeachment.
- 2004 – Palestinian imam Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, a founder and the spiritual leader of Hamas, was killed by an Israeli missile as he left early morning prayers.
- Anthony van Dyck (b. 1599)
- Caroline Norton (b. 1808)
- Kenzō Tange (d. 2005)
William McGregor
- 1888 – Chaired by William McGregor (pictured), a meeting of ten English football clubs was held in London, which would eventually result in the establishment of the Football League.
- 1908 – American diplomat Durham Stevens, an employee of Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was fatally shot in San Francisco by two Korean immigrants unhappy with his support of increased Japanese presence in Korea.
- 1931 – Bhagat Singh, one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement, and two others were executed by the British authorities.
- 1991 – The Sierra Leone Civil War began with the invasion of the Revolutionary United Front, with support from the special forces of Charles Taylor's National Patriotic Front of Liberia, in an attempt to overthrow President Joseph Saidu Momoh.
- 1994 – Aeroflot Flight 593 crashed into a hillside in Russia's Kemerovo Oblast, killing all 75 people on board, after the pilot's 16-year-old son had unknowingly disabled the autopilot while seated at the controls.
- Calouste Gulbenkian (b. 1869)
- Beatrice Tinsley (d. 1981)
- Kangana Ranaut (b. 1986)
March 24: World Tuberculosis Day
Ukiyo-e depiction of the Sakuradamon incident
- 1603 – James VI of Scotland succeeded to the thrones of England and Ireland as James I, uniting the realms under a single monarch.
- 1860 – Japanese chief minister Ii Naosuke (depicted) was assassinated by rōnin samurai upset with his role in the opening of Japan to foreign powers.
- 1882 – German physician Robert Koch announced the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a bacterium that causes tuberculosis.
- 1921 – The 1921 Women's Olympiad, the first international women's-sports event, opened at the International Sporting Club of Monaco in Monte Carlo.
- 1989 – The tanker Exxon Valdez began to spill 10.8 million US gal (260,000 bbl; 41,000 m3) of crude oil into Prince William Sound, Alaska, causing one of the most devastating man-made maritime environmental disasters.
- Catherine of Vadstena (d. 1381)
- Fanny Crosby (b. 1820)
- E. T. Whittaker (d. 1956)
Pope Constantine
March 25: Bengali Genocide Remembrance Day
- 708 – Constantine (pictured) was selected as one of the last popes of the Byzantine Papacy; he would be the last pope to visit Constantinople (now Istanbul) until Paul VI in 1967.
- 1708 – Jacobite risings: A French fleet anchored near Fife Ness as part of a planned French invasion of Britain.
- 1948 – Meteorologists at Tinker Air Force Base in Oklahoma City, United States, issued the world's first tornado forecast after noticing conditions similar to another tornado that had struck five days earlier.
- 1949 – The Soviet Union began mass deportations of more than 90,000 people from the Baltic states to Siberia.
- 1959 – Chain Island was sold by the State of California to Russell Gallaway III, a Sacramento businessman who planned to use it as a "hunting and fishing retreat", for $5,258.20.
- 1971 – Vietnam War: South Vietnamese forces abandoned a campaign to cut off the Ho Chi Minh trail, which supplied North Vietnamese troops, in Laos.
- José de Espronceda (b. 1808)
- Alexandra of Yugoslavia (b. 1921)
- Marcel Lefebvre (d. 1991)
March 26: Earth Hour (20:30 local time in various areas, 2022)
Jack Kevorkian
- 1351 – War of the Breton Succession: Thirty knights and squires each from France and England fought to determine who would rule the Duchy of Brittany, later celebrated as a noble display of the ideals of chivalry.
- 1896 – An explosion at the Brunner Mine in New Zealand killed 65 coal miners in the country's deadliest mining accident.
- 1917 – First World War: Attempting to advance into Palestine, the British were defeated by Ottoman troops at the First Battle of Gaza.
- 1979 – With the signing of a peace treaty in Washington, D.C., Egypt became the first Arab country officially to recognize Israel.
- 1999 – A jury began deliberations in the trial of Jack Kevorkian (pictured), an American practitioner of physician-assisted suicide who was charged with murder in the death of a terminally ill patient.
- Jacob van Eyck (d. 1657)
- Julie-Victoire Daubié (b. 1824)
- Diana Wynne Jones (d. 2011)
March 27: Mothering Sunday (Western Christianity, 2022); Day of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania (1918)
Goliad Executions by Norman Mills Price
- 1836 – At least 425 Texian prisoners of war were executed in the Goliad massacre (depicted), under orders from Mexican president Antonio López de Santa Anna.
- 1941 – World War II: A group of Serbian-nationalist officers of the Royal Yugoslav Army Air Force carried out a coup d'état after Yugoslavia joined the Axis powers.
- 1981 – The Solidarity movement in Poland staged a warning strike, the largest in the history of the Eastern Bloc, in which at least 12 million Poles walked off their jobs for four hours.
- 2002 – A suicide bomber killed about 30 Israeli civilians and injured about 140 others in Netanya, triggering Operation Defensive Shield, a large-scale counter-terrorist military incursion into the West Bank, two days later.
- Domenico Lalli (b. 1679)
- Alexander Vostokov (b. 1781)
- Mother Angelica (d. 2016)
HMS Campbeltown during the St Nazaire Raid
- 193 – The Praetorian Guard assassinated Roman emperor Pertinax and sold the imperial office in an auction to Didius Julianus.
- 1942 – Second World War: The port of Saint-Nazaire in occupied France was disabled by British naval forces (ship pictured).
- 1946 – The US Department of State released the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, a proposal for international control of nuclear weapons.
- 1999 – Serbian police and special forces killed about 93 Kosovo Albanians in the village of Izbica in the Drenica region of central Kosovo.
- Yekaterina Vorontsova-Dashkova (b. 1743)
- Ernst Lindemann (b. 1894)
- Harold Agnew (b. 1921)
March 29: Boganda Day in the Central African Republic (1959); Martyrs' Day in Madagascar (1947)
Vesta
- 1430 – After an eight-year siege, the Ottoman Empire captured the city of Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice.
- 1807 – German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers discovered Vesta (pictured), the brightest asteroid and second-most massive body in the asteroid belt.
- 1941 – Second World War: British and Australian ships defeated Italian Regia Marina vessels at the Battle of Cape Matapan.
- 1981 – Dick Beardsley and Inge Simonsen jointly won the Men's Elite Race and Joyce Smith won the Women's Elite Race in the inaugural London Marathon.
- 1999 – The strongest earthquake to hit the foothills of the Himalayas in more than 90 years killed at least 100 people.
- Matthew Palaiologos Asen (d. 1467)
- Friedrich Traun (b. 1876)
- Harry Price (d. 1948)
March 30: Land Day in Palestinian communities (1976)
Moments after the attempted assassination of Reagan
- 1822 – The United States merged East Florida and West Florida to create the Florida Territory.
- 1861 – British chemist William Crookes published his discovery of thallium using flame spectroscopy.
- 1918 – Four days of inter-ethnic clashes broke out in Baku, Azerbaijan, resulting in about 12,000 deaths.
- 1981 – John Hinckley Jr. shot and wounded U.S. president Ronald Reagan and three others outside the Washington Hilton (immediate aftermath pictured).
- 2009 – The Manawan Police Academy in Lahore, Pakistan, was attacked and held for several hours by 12 gunmen, resulting in 16 deaths and 95 injuries.
- Ralph Sadler (d. 1587)
- Beau Brummell (d. 1840)
- Celine Dion (b. 1968)
March 31: Cesar Chavez Day in various U.S. states (1927)
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Eiffel Tower
- 1521 – Ferdinand Magellan and fifty members of his crew went ashore to present-day Limasawa to participate in the first Catholic Mass in the Philippines.
- 1761 – Lisbon experienced its second major earthquake in six years, with effects felt as far north as Scotland.
- 1889 – The Eiffel Tower (pictured) in Paris was inaugurated.
- 1921 – The Australian Air Force was formed, replacing the short-lived Australian Air Corps and separating it from the army.
- 1995 – American singer-songwriter Selena, known as the "queen of Tejano music", was murdered by the president of her fan club, Yolanda Saldívar, in Corpus Christi, Texas, deeply affecting the Latino community.
- Anne Hyde (d. 1671)
- Panoutsos Notaras (b. 1740 or 1752)
- Mary Greyeyes (d. 2011)
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