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List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II

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List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II is located in Occupied Yugoslavia
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
List of mass executions and massacres in Yugoslavia during World War II
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Map of areas where massacres were committed by Chetniks (red), by the Ustaše (blue), by both Chetniks and the Ustaše (purple), by German forces (Wehrmacht, SS or Gestapo) (black), by Hungarian forces (green), by the Partisans (orange), by Italian forces (cyan/light blue)and by both Chetniks and Italian forces (pink). Larger marker sizes indicate larger massacres.

The following is a list of massacres and mass executions that occurred in Yugoslavia during World War II. Areas once part of Yugoslavia that are now parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo,[a] Serbia, Slovenia, Macedonia, and Montenegro; see the lists of massacres in those countries for more details.

Perpetrators

The majority of massacres were committed by Yugoslav factions during the civil war, while a number were committed by invading Axis forces.

Ustaše

See also: Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia

After the invasion of Yugoslavia, puppet-state Independent State of Croatia (NDH) was created by Axis powers in the areas of most of modern-day Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.[1] The Ustaše sought to create an ethnically clean state by eradicating Serbs, Jews and Romani through genocidal policies.[2] According to Ustaše officials, the creation of an ethnically pure Greater Croatian state would ensure the safety of the Croats from the Serbs.[3] From the data calculated by the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs, during the creation of the state the population of Serbs was approximately 1,925,000.[4] The Ustaše's largest genocidal massacres were carried out in Bosanska Krajina and in places in Croatia where Serbs constituted a large proportion of the population including Banija, Kordun, Lika, and northern Dalmatia. Between 300 000– 350 000 Serbs were killed in massacres and in concentration camps like Jasenovac and Jadovno. Some 100,000 Serbs, Jews, and anti-fascist Croat were killed at Jasenovac alone.[5][6]

Chetniks

See also: Chetnik war crimes in World War II

The Chetniks wanted to forge an ethnically-pure Greater Serbia claiming it was to ensure the survival of Serbs in Axis/Ustaše-controlled areas by violently "cleansing" these areas of Croats and Muslims.[7] Several historians view Chetnik actions against Muslim and Croats as constituting genocide.[8][9][10] Estimates of the number of deaths caused by the Chetniks in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina range from 50,000 to 68,000, while more than 5,000 victims are registered in the region of Sandžak.[11] About 300 villages and small towns were destroyed, along with a large number of mosques and Catholic churches.[12] Chetnik massacres of the Bosniak population took place in eastern Bosnia which, according to historian Marko Attila Hoare, had been "relatively untouched" by the Ustaše until the spring of 1942.[13] Bosnian historian Enver Redžić has a different opinion and claims that eastern Bosnia wasn't in relative peace at all during the period 1941-1942. He writes that in the summer of 1941, killings of Serbs had already started and acquired broader proportions in eastern Bosnia and that anti-Serb propaganda by Ustaše, by that time, had success among local Muslim and Croats.[14] Bosniak Muslims, particularly in Eastern Bosnia, comprised a large contingent of Ustashe units in the region and played a large role in the genocide of ethnic Serbs in the area that began in 1941. Bosniaks, later in the war, also joined the Waffen SS units that were notorious for their cruelty to the Serbian population. The Serbian population in the Podrina region (Eastern Bosnia) declined significantly as a result of these massacres and ethnic cleansing. Hoare argues that the latter-referenced massacres were not acts of revenge, but "an expression of the genocidal policy and ideology of the Chetnik movement."[13]

Yugoslav Partisans

Yugoslav Partisans committed various massacres, notably as part of the so-called "leftist errors". At the end of the war, the Partisans "purged" in Serbia (1944–45), and massacred thousands in the Yugoslav Partisan pursuit of Nazi collaborators and Foibe massacres at the end and immediate aftermath of the war.

Axis occupying forces

German, Italian and Hungarian occupying forces engaged in atrocities against the Yugoslavian population, in the form of mass-killings of civilians and hostages in retaliation for Partisan attacks and resistance. Infamous examples include the Kragujevac massacre, committed by German forces, as did the Albanian Waffen-SS units, which murdered more than 400 Orthodox Christian civilians at Andrijevica,[15] the Novi Sad raid, committed by Hungarian forces and crimes committed by Italian forces, such as in Podhum.

List

Name Date Location Deaths Perpetrator Description
Slavonska Požega executions 19–23 April 1941 Slavonska Požega 38  Ustaše executions of Serbs by Ustaše.[16]
Kamen executions 1941–1945 Kamen castle, Begunje na Gorenjskem 1,282  Nazi Germany Mass-executions of Slovene hostages by the Gestapo throughout World War II.[17]
Dotršćina executions 1941–1945 Dotršćina, Zagreb 7,000  Ustaše Mass-executions of Serbs, Jews, Roma and Croat Anti-fascist hostages (including 2,000 members of the KPJ and the SKOJ) during the Ustaše occupation of Zagreb.[18] About 90% (c. 6,300) of those executed were Croat civilians and Anti-fascists, due to the fact that most of Zagreb's Serbian, Jewish and Roma populations had either been killed or deported to Jasenovac or Auschwitz by 1942.[19]
Pančevo executions 21–22 April 1941 Pančevo, Vojvodina 36  Nazi Germany execution of 36 Serbs by Wehrmacht and Volksdeutsche.[20][page needed]
Gudovac massacre 28 April 1941 Gudovac near Bjelovar, Croatia proper 184–196  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[21][22][23]
Kosinj massacre 30 April 1941 Kosinj, Lika c. 600  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[24]
Blagaj massacre 9 May 1941 Blagaj, Croatia proper c. 400  Ustaše massacre of Serbs from Veljun and surroundings by Ustaše.[25]
Glina massacre 11–13 May 1941 Glina 260–417  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[26][21]
Nevesinje massacre late May–June 1941 Nevesinje, Herzegovina 173  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[21]
Gacko massacre 3 June 1941 Korita 133–180  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše; corpses thrown into the Koritska Jama pit.[22][27][21]
Knin massacre 15 June 1941 Knin c. 60  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[21]
Rašića Gaj massacres 22 June–20 July 1941 Rašića Gaj, Vlasenica 70–200  Ustaše Muslim militia massacre of Serbs by Ustaše Muslim militia.[28][29]
Popovo Polje massacre 23 June 1941 Popovo Polje, Ljubinje, Herzegovina 140-164  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše in the villages of Popovo Polje in the district of Ljubinje.[21][30]
Metković massacre 25 June 1941 Metković 280  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[31]
Dračevo massacre 25 June 1941 Dračevo 70  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[32][better source needed]
Avtovac massacre 28 June 1941 Avtovac 47  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks.[33]
Bileća massacre June 1941 Bileća, Herzegovina c. 600 Serb rebels massacre of Muslims by Serb rebels.[34]
Čelebić massacre (1941) July 1941 Čelebić 104  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[citation needed]
Garavice July – September 1941 Garavice, near Bihac thousands[35]  Ustaše massacre of Serbs, Jews and Roma by Ustaše.
"Leftist error" massacres July 1941 – early 1942 Mostly areas of Serbia, Montenegro and East Herzegovina 1,000+  Partisans Partisan massacres of suspected enemy collaborators, political opponents, "class enemies" and other "fifth columnists".[36]
Kerestinec prisoner escape massacre 9–13 July 1941 Kerestinec prison 75  Ustaše A group of political prisoners (mostly Croatian communists and other anti-fascists) were to be executed in retaliation for Partisan attacks. On 9 July 1941, the first group, including Božidar Adžija, Otokar Keršovani and Ognjen Prica, was executed. The KPH and local Partisans responded by organising a mass-escape on the 13 July 1941, the escape failed and most prisoners were either shot whilst escaping or were recaptured and executed.[37]
Banski Grabovac massacre 24–25 July 1941 Grabovac, near Petrinja c. 1,200  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[38]
Drvar massacre 27 July 1941 Drvar 550  Chetniks and Serb rebels massacre of 350 Croats and 200 Muslims after the capture of Drvar.[39][40]
Boričevac massacre 27 July 1941 Boričevac 179  Chetniks massacre of 179 Croats in the village of Boričevac by Chetniks during the Srb uprising[41]
Brotnja massacre 27 July 1941 Brotnja 37  Chetniks massacre of 37 Croats in the village of Brotnja by Chetniks during the Srb uprising.[42]
Bosansko Grahovo massacre 27 July 1941 Bosansko Grahovo c.100  Chetniks and Serb rebels massacre of Croats in Bosansko Grahovo by Chetniks and other Serb rebels, led by Branko Bogunović, during the Srb uprising.[43][44]
Obljaj massacre 27 July 1941 Obljaj, Korita, Luka, Ugarci and Crni Lug 250+  Chetniks Chetnik massacre of Croats across several villages near Bosansko Grahovo during the Srb uprising.[45][46]
Trubar massacre 27 July 1941 Trubar [sh], Bosanska Krajina 200+ Serb rebels massacre of more than 200 Croats, members of a Catholic pilgrimage, who were ambushed near Drvar by Serb rebels.[47]
Ličko Petrovo Selo massacre 27 July 1941 Ličko Petrovo Selo 313  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše in Ličko Petrovo Selo.[38]
Velika Kladuša massacre 29 July 1941 Velika Kladuša and surroundings c. 4,000  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše near Velika Kladuša, under the Ičungar Hill.[30]
Kruščica camp massacre 5 August 1941 Kruščica concentration camp 74  Ustaše massacre of Serbs from Pale at the Kruščica concentration camp by Ustaše.[48][49]
Višegrad massacre (1941) July–August 1941 Višegrad, Herzegovina c. 500 Serb villagers massacre of Muslims by Bosnian Serbs at Višegrad and environs.[34]
Prebilovci massacre 4–6 August 1941 Prebilovci c. 650  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[50]
Krnjeuša massacre 9–10 August 1941 Krnjeuša c. 240  Chetniks massacre of approximately 240 Croat civilians in the parish of Krnjeuša by Chetniks.[51]
Vrtoče massacre 9–10 August 1941 Vrtoče, near Bosanski Petrovac 70  Chetniks massacre of Croats by Chetniks.[52]
Glina massacre 30 July–3 August 1941 Glina c. 1,200[53]–2,000[38]  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[54]
Bosanska Dubica massacre 20–21 August 1941 Bosanska Dubica c. 300  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[55]
Čitluk and Strigova massacres 22 August 1941 Čitluk and Strigova 26  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[56]
Novoselci massacre Early August 1941 Novoselci 31  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše at Novoselci.[55]
Zaklopača massacre August 1941 Srebrenica 81  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks under the command of Jezdimir Dangić; a group of Muslims barricaded in a local mekteb (Muslim religious school) at Zaklopača which was then set alight.[57]
Otočac massacre 1941 Otočac 331  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[58]
Plana massacre 3 September 1941 Plana 425  Chetniks Muslims massacred by Chetniks in Plana and surrounding villages.[59]
Kulen Vakuf massacre 5–8 September 1941 Kulen Vakuf 1,000-3,000  Partisan Drvar Brigade, local Serb rebels massacre of Muslims and Croats by the Partisan Drvar Brigade and local peasants at Kulen Vakuf.[15]
Jošan massacre 1941 Jošan 338  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[60]
Javor massacre 1941 Javor 100+  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše at Javor, near Srebrenica and Ozren.[61]
Ibarski Kolašin massacre 30 September 1941 Ibarski Kolašin 150 Albanians massacre of Serbs civilians by Albanian Vulnetari commanded by Shaban Polluzha.[62][63][64]
Rogatica massacre October 1941–January 1942 Rogatica district 2,000  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks after the capture of the town.[65]
Extraordinary Tribunal for Dalmatia 11 October-13 November 1941 Zadar, Šibenik, Kotor, Vodice 35  Kingdom of Italy Established by Italian governor Giuseppe Bastianini on 11 October 1941, it held four trials, against alleged Communists (mostly Croats), suspected of responsibility for recent Partisan attacks. The trials were characterized by a hasty procedure without any guarantee for the accused, imposing forty-eight death sentences, of which thirty-five were executed, as well as thirty-seven prison sentences of different lengths.[66][67][68][69]
Kraljevo massacre 15-20 October 1941 Kraljevo 1,755  Nazi Germany Wehrmacht murder of almost 1,800 civilians in reprisal shootings[70]
Kragujevac massacre 20–21 October 1941 Kragujevac 2,778  Nazi Germany More than 2,000 Serb men and boys murdered by Wehrmacht in reprisal shootings

[70]

Koraj massacre 28 November 1941 Koraj, near Brčko 100+  Chetniks massacre of Muslim peasants by Chetniks. The massacre was in response to the 1941 anti-Communist Tuzla Rebellion.[71][72]
Visuć massacre 1941 Visuć 85  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše at Visuć.[73]
Foča massacre (1941) 5 December 1941–January 1942 Foča 2,000+  Chetniks massacre of Muslims at Foča by Chetnik forces who received the town of Foča from the Royal Italian Army.[74]
Goražde massacre 30 December 1941 – 26 January 1942 Goražde 1,370–2,050  Chetniks massacre of mainly Bosniak Muslims and some Croats by Chetnik forces; corpses left hanging in the town or thrown into the Drina river.[75][76]
Žepa massacre late 1941 Žepa c. 300  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetnik forces at Žepa.[77]
Voćin massacre 14 January 1942 Voćin 350  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše.[78][79]
Čelebić massacre (1942) January 1942 Čelebić 54  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetnik forces at Čelebić; village later torched.[77]
Žabalj massacre Christmas at January 1942 Žabalj 700  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Serbs by Hungarian forces at Žabalj.[citation needed]
Gospođinci massacre Christmas at January 1942 Gospođinci 100  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Serbs by Hungarian forces at Gospođinci
Čurug massacre 4–9 January 1942 Čurug 900  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Serbs by Hungarian forces at Čurug
Đurđevo massacre January 1942 Đurđevo 300  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Serbs by Hungarian forces at Đurđevo
Titel massacre January 1942 Titel 60–80  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Serbs by Hungarian forces at Titel
Temerin massacre January 1942 Temerin 48  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Jews by Hungarian forces at Temerin
Novi Sad raid 22–23 January 1942 Novi Sad 1264  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Jews and Serbs driven onto the frozen Danube by Hungarian forces at Novi Sad
Bečej raid 27 January 1942 Bečej 250  Kingdom of Hungary massacre of Jews and Serbs driven onto the frozen Tisa River by Hungarian forces at Bečej.
Srebrenica massacre January 1942 Srebrenica and environs c. 1,000  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks in Srebrenica and nearby villages.[80]
Višegrad massacre (1942) January 1942 Višegrad 1,000+  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks at Višegrad.[77]
Battle of Dražgoše 11–12 January 1942 Dražgoše 41  Nazi Germany 41 Slovene hostages executed by the Wehrmacht in Dražgoše.[81]
Draksenić massacre 13–15 January 1942 Draksenić c. 360  Ustaše massacre of approximately 360 Serbs by Ustaše and Home Guard at Draksenić.[82]
Pljeva executions February 1942 Pljeva, Central Bosnia 41  Partisans 41 captured Croatian Home Guards executed by Partisans.[83]
Piskavica and Ivanjska massacre 5, 12 February 1942 Piskavica and Ivanjska 520  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše at Piskavica and Ivanjska [84]
Drakulić massacre 7 February 1942 Drakulić, Šargovac, Motike 2,315  Ustaše massacre of Serbs by Ustaše at Drakulić, Šargovac, and Motike [85]
Drakan massacre 3 March 1942 Drakan 42  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks at Drakan [80]
Stari Brod massacre 22 March-May 1942 Stari Brod and Miloševići, near Višegrad 6,000+  Ustaše massacre of more than 6,000 Serbs committed by the Black Legion and Ustaše Muslim militia.[86]
Ljubljana executions 24 April–24 July 1942 Ljubljana 103  Kingdom of Italy Massacre of Slovene hostages by Italian forces [87]
Pristina killings Late June 1942 Pristina area 100 Albanians killings of 100 Serbs by Albanians in Pristina and vicinity.[88]
Čabar massacre July 1942 Čabar 132  Kingdom of Italy Italian forces massacred 132 Croats.[89]
Hrib massacre July 1942 Hrib [fr], near Gerovo 40-60  Kingdom of Italy Italian forces massacred 40-60 Croats.[89]
Podhum massacre 12 July 1942 Podhum 118  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 118 Croat men and boys by Italian forces in the village Podhum[90][91]
Rog massacre July–August 1942 Rog, near Kočevje 300  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 300 Slovenian civilians by Italian forces during anti-Partisan operations.[92]
Jermendol massacre July–August 1942 Jermendol, near Babno Polje 40  Kingdom of Italy 40 Slovenian civilians massacred by Italian forces [93]
Foča massacre (1942) August 1942 Foča c. 2,000–3,000  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks in Foča region.[94][95]
Ustikolina massacre August 1942 Ustikolina 2,500  Chetniks massacre of Muslims by Chetniks.[96]
Dragljane massacre August 1942 Dragljane, near Vrgorac 150  Chetniks,  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 150 Croats by Chetnik and Italian forces[97]
Zabiokovlje massacre 29 August 1942 Zabiokovlje region, near Makarska 141–160  Chetniks massacre of 141-160 Croats from several villages in the Zabiokovlje, Biokovo and Cetina areas of southern Croatia by Chetniks, under the command of Petar Baćović, that had been participating in the Italian anti-Partisan "Operation Albia".[98][99]
Makarska massacre September 1942 Makarska 900  Chetniks Chetniks, under the command of Petar Baćović, massacre 900 Croats around the town of Makarska[96]
Gata massacre 1 October 1942 Gata 100+  Chetniks Over 100 Croat civilians killed by Chetniks for pro-Yugoslav Partisan sympathies and in retaliation for the destruction of the Split-Omiš road.[100]
Maribor prison massacre 2 October 1942 Maribor 143  Nazi Germany massacre of Slovene hostages held in the Maribor prison.[101]
Dugopolje massacre(1942) 5 October 1942 Dugopolje, Kotlenice and neighbouring settlements 120  Chetniks,  Kingdom of Italy 120 Croats killed by Chetniks, supported by Italian forces.[102][103]
Španovica massacre 8 October 1942 Španovica 143  Partisans massacre of Croat civilians by Partisans.[104]
Kriva Reka massacre 11–14 October 1942 Kriva Reka and neighbouring areas 690  Nazi Germany Serb civilians massacred in reprisals by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen during and after Operation Kopaonik.[105]
Prozor massacre 14–15 October 1942 Prozor area 543–2,500  Chetniks massacre of Croats and Bosnian Muslims by Chetniks due to suspected harboring and aiding the Partisans.[100] It took place during Operation Alfa.
Primošten massacre 16 November 1942 Primošten 150  Kingdom of Italy 150 Croats killed by Italian forces by deliberately shelling the town of Primošten in retaliation for an earlier Partisan attack.[106]
Vrlika massacre January 1943 Vrlika and surrounding areas 103  Chetniks massacre of Croats by Chetniks, under the command of Petar Baćović and Momčilo Đujić.[107]
Široka Kula massacre (1943) January 1943 Široka Kula 185  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 185 Croat civilians in the village of Široka Kula by Italian forces [108]
Turkanj massacre January–February 1943 Turkanj, near Slunj 208  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 208 Croat hostages and civilians by Italian forces [109]
Maovice massacre 26 January 1943 Maovice 60 - 80  Chetniks massacre of Croats by Chetniks of the Dinara Division, led by Momčilo Đujić.[110]
Kijevo massacre 27 January 1943 Kijevo 45  Chetniks massacre of 45 Croats by Chetniks in the village of Kijevo.[111]
Massacres in Pljevlja, Čajniče and Foča January–February 1943 Pljevlja, Čajniče and Foča districts and surrounding villages 9,200  Chetniks massacre of Muslims (including 8,000 civilians) by Chetniks, led by Pavle Đurišić, across several districts and villages in southeastern Bosnia and Montenegrin Sandžak.[112][113]
Bukovica massacre 4–7 February 1943 Bukovica, Pljevlja more than 500  Chetniks massacre of more than 500 Muslim civilians during Chetnik attack on positions held by Sandžak Muslim militia.
Mekinjar massacre 17 February 1943 Mekinjar, near Udbina 30  Chetniks,  Kingdom of Italy 30 Croats killed by Chetniks and Italian forces.[109]
Kninsko Polje massacre April 1943 Kninsko Polje, near Knin 1,000  Chetniks massacre of 1,000 Croats at a makeshift execution site near Knin.[114]
Šibenik executions 23 April–15 June 1943 Šibenik and its environs 240  Kingdom of Italy Execution of 240 Croat hostages in the Šibenik district by Italian forces, in retaliation for Partisan attacks[115]
Vrpolje and Perković massacre 22 May 1943 Vrpolje and Perković 66  Kingdom of Italy Massacre of Croat civilians, rounded up from the villages of Vrpolje and Perković, in retaliation for a Partisan attack on the Šibenik-Split railway[116]
Međeđe massacre May–June 1943 Međeđe, near Nikšić 72  Kingdom of Italy massacre of 72 Montenegrin and Serb civilians by Italian forces.[117]
Bar massacre (1943) June 1943 Bar, Montenegro 180  Kingdom of Italy Massacre of Montenegrin prisoners being held in the Bar concentration camp[118]
Komin massacre June 1943 Komin, near Ploče 228  Kingdom of Italy 228 Croats massacred by Italian forces.[97]
Trepča mine executions 3 June 1943 Trepča mine, Mitrovica 37 Albanians mass shooting of 37 Serbs by Albanians, Albanian gendarmerie and prison guards at the Trepča mine prison, most of whom were workers that had fell ill, and among whom several were peasants from the Mitrovica vicinity.[119]
Trepča mine executions 7 June 1943 Trepča mine, Mitrovica 27 Albanians mass shooting of 27 Serbs by Albanians, Albanian gendarmerie and prison guards.[119]
Vareška Reka massacre June 1943 Vareška Reka–Ibar confluence 15 Vulnetari and gendarmerie massacre of Serbs.[clarification needed][120]
Lovreć massacre 10 July 1943 Lovreć and surrounding areas 112  Chetniks, Kingdom of Italy 112 Croats (Partisan POWs and civilians) killed by Chetniks and Italian forces.[121]
Rotimlja massacre 12 July 1943 Rotimlja, near Stolac 66  Nazi Germany Muslims massacred in reprisals the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen.[122]
Košutica massacre 12 July 1943 Košutica, near Sokolac 68  Nazi Germany Muslims massacred in reprisals by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen.[123]
Dugopolje massacre(1943) September 1943 Dugopolje 40  Nazi Germany 40 Croat civilians massacred by 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen. [102]
Zrin massacre 9-10 September 1943 Zrin 270  Partisans massacre of 270 Croat civilians in Zrin by Partisans[why?][124][better source needed]
Foibe massacres 9 September 1943 – 1946 Istria and Dalmatia c.5,000–11,000  Partisans Massacres of reprisals against Italian people and anticommunist Yugoslav people[125][better source needed][126]
Uroševac massacre 11–12 September 1943 Uroševac area 60 Albanians massacre of Serbs by Albanians, commanded by Amdija Jašarević[127]
Imotski massacre 17-30 September 1943 Imotski, Sinj and neighboring villages 230  Nazi Germany 230 Croats massacred by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen.[128]
Košute massacre 29 September 1943 Košute and neighbouring villages 102  Nazi Germany Croat civilians massacred in reprisals by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen.[129]
Rakoš massacre October 1943 Rakoš 63 Albanians shooting of Serb villagers[130]
Massacres in Mužini, Cere and Feštini 2 October 1943 Mužini, Cere and Feštini, near Žminj 44  Nazi Germany Croats massacred by German forces; 28 in Mužini, 10 in Cere and 6 in Feštini.[131]
Višegrad massacre (1943) 5 October 1943 Višegrad 2,000+  Chetniks Muslim civilians massacred by Chetniks after the capture of Višegrad.[132]
Kresini massacre 7 October 1943 Kresini, near Žminj 57  Nazi Germany Croats massacred by German forces of the II SS Panzer Corps during the anti-Partisan offensive (Unternehmen Istrien).[131]
Peć killings November–December 1943 Peć district 230 Albanians killings of Serbs[133]
Baćina massacre 2 November 1943 Baćina and neighbouring areas 107  Nazi Germany Croat civilians massacred in reprisals by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen.[134]
Ivanci massacre 30 November 1943 Ivanci 73  Nazi Germany Serb civilians massacred.
Lug and Kuk massacre 16 December 1943 Lug and Kuk, near Tomislavgrad 81  Nazi Germany massacre of 81 Croats by the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen in retaliation for nearby Partisan attacks[135]
December victims 20 December 1943 Zagreb 16  Ustaše 16 anti-Fascists (14 Croats, 2 Slovenes) hanged on 20 December 1943 on butcher hooks on a public street at the western end of Dubrava in retaliation for the killing of an Ustaše agent, Ljudevit Tiljk, by the Partisans[136]
Vranić massacre 20–21 December 1943 Vranić 68  Chetniks 68 Serb civilians killed by Chetniks at Vranić under suspicion of harbouring and/or supporting the Partisans[137]
Šajini and Bokordići massacre 8-9 January 1944 Šajini and Bokordići 76  Nazi Germany 76 Croat civlians killed (54 in Šajini and 22 in Bokordići) by Wehrmacht forces of the 71st Infantry Division.[138]
Massacre of villages under Kamešnica 26–30 March 1944 Several villages between Kamešnica and Mosor near Split 1,525  Nazi Germany 1,525 Croatian civilians massacred by members of the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen across several Croat villages in the Kamešnica and Mosor region, near Split[139]
Lipa massacre 30 April 1944 Lipa, near Rijeka 269  Nazi Germany massacre of 269 Croatian civilians in Lipa, near Rijeka by the SS Police Regiment Bozen in retaliation for a Partisan ambush near Rupa[140]
Dobranje massacre May 1944 Dobranje 136  Partisans massacre of 136 Domobrani POWs and Croat civilians by Partisans.[141]
Štrpce massacre 30 June 1944 Štrpce 50  Kingdom of Bulgaria mass execution of 50 in retaliation for the death of a Bulgarian soldier.[130]
Velika massacre 28 July 1944 Velika, near Plav 428+  SS-"Skanderbeg" massacre of 428 Serbs, mostly children, women and elderly, by Albanian SS members during Operation Draufgänger.[142]
Hrvatska Dubica massacre 18–19 September 1944 Hrvatska Dubica c. 55  Ustaše massacre of mostly Serb victims by Ustaše at Hrvatska Dubica.
Daksa executions October 1944 Daksa c. 53  Partisans Partisans executed around 53 Croat prisoners suspected of being collaborationists [143]
Srijemska Kamenica massacre October 1944 Sremska Kamenica 196  Partisans massacre of Croat and Šokci men after their arrest by the Partisans.[144]
Communist purges in Serbia October 1944–May 1945 Central Serbia and Vojvodina at least 55,973  Partisans Massacres against people perceived as war criminals, quislings, ideological opponents and ethnic minorities by Partisans. In 2009, the government of Serbia formed a State Commission to investigate the secret burial places of victims. The Commission compiled a registry of names, basic biographical data, and details of persecution. The registry contains a total of 55,973 names, including 27,367 Germans, 14,567 Serbs and 6,112 Hungarians.[145]
Flight and expulsion of Germans in Yugoslavia November 1944-March 1948 German-speaking areas of Yugoslavia, especially Banat and other areas c.58,000  Partisans A total of 48,447 people died in camps; 7,199 were massacred or executed by Partisans, and another 1,994 perished in Soviet labour camps after being deported by Yugoslav authorities.[146]
Tovarnik massacre December 1944 Tovarnik 51  Partisans massacre of 51 Croat and Germans (Volksdeutsche) civilians by Partisans[147]
Bribir massacre December 1944 Bribir 33  Chetniks Croats massacred by Chetniks from the Dinara Division. The village was razed to the ground.[148]
Široki Brijeg massacre 7–15 February 1945 Široki Brijeg 28  Partisans massacre of Croatian Franciscan Friars by Partisans, twelve of whom were burned alive.[149]
Frankolovo massacre 12 February 1945 Frankolovo 100  Nazi Germany Slovene hostages shot or hanged in retaliation for a Partisan ambush that fatally wounded the Nazi district administrator of Celje, Anton Dorfmeister.[150]
Kozara massacres 17–22 February 1945 Kozara 140+  Ustaše massacre of mostly Serb victims by Ustaše at Kozara[citation needed]
Bar massacre March 1945 Bar, Montenegro 400–450 to 1,500–2,000  Partisans massacre of Albanians by Partisans.[151][better source needed]
Hrastina massacre 24 April 1945 Hrastina 43  Nazi Germany massacre of German Sinti civilians found in hiding.[152]
Jakljan executions May 1945 Jakljan 214  Partisans German prisoners executed by Partisans at Jakljan.[153]
Gračani massacre May 1945 Zagreb 295 (excavated bodies)  Partisans execution of NDH prisoners of war and local civilians by Partisans.[154]
Kucja Dolina massacre May 1945 Kucja Dolina 800+  Partisans killing of Slovene and Croat Home Guard prisoners and civilians by Partisans.[155][156][157]
Fiume Autonomists purge May 1945 Rijeka and surrounding areas 650  Partisans Partisan and OZNA liquidations of prominent members and supporters of the Rijeka Autonomist Party and the Liburnian Autonomist Movement after the liberation of Rijeka.[158]
Pečovnik massacre 8–9 May 1945 Pečovnik 12,000  Partisans killing of Croat POWs and civilians by Partisans.[159]
Tezno massacre 19–26 May 1945 Tezno, near Maribor 15,000  Partisans execution of NDH prisoners of war and civilians by Partisans.[160]
Kočevski Rog massacre Late May 1945 Kočevski Rog 10,000–12,000  Partisans execution of Slovene Home Guard members, Croat, Serb and Montenegrin collaborationists, Italian and German troops, by the Partisans.[161]
Macelj massacre May–June 1945 Macelj 1,163 (excavated bodies)  Partisans execution of NDH prisoners and local civilians by Partisan forces[162][better source needed]
Barbara Pit massacre 25 May–6 June 1945 Huda Jama 1,416[163]  Partisans Croat and Slovene POWs with their families killed by Partisans for reprisal.[164]

See also

References

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Sources

Books
Journals
Conference papers and proceedings
  • Matović, Ivan, ed. (2012). Zločini četničkog pokreta u Srbiji 1941-1945: Zbornik radova sa okruglog stola održanog 25.9.2012. godine. Belgrade.
  • SANU (1995). Genocid nad Srbima u II svetskom ratu. Muzej žrtava genocida i Srpska književna zadruga. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
Web

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