E

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See also: 𰀄, 𰀂, ㅌ, and Appendix:Variations of "e"
LetterE.svg
E U+0045, E
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
← D
[U+0044] 		Basic Latin F →
[U+0046]
Ｅ U+FF25, Ｅ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
← Ｄ
[U+FF24] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｆ →
[U+FF26]

Translingual[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From the Etruscan letter 𐌄 (e, “e”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ε (E, “epsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤄‎ (h, “he”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓀠.

Letter[edit]

E (lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also[edit]

Symbol[edit]

E

  1. (sciences, computing) Symbol separating mantissa from the exponent in scientific notation.
    2E5 = 2 × 105
  2. (computing) Hexadecimal symbol for 14.
  3. (physics) Energy.
  4. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for glutamic acid
  5. (mathematics) expectation function
  6. Abbreviation of exa-.
  7. (linguistics) A wildcard for a front vowel
    synonyms: I

Synonyms[edit]

  • (scientific notation): e

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles

  • Capital and lowercase versions of E, in normal and italic type

  • Uppercase and lowercase E in Fraktur

See also[edit]

Other representations of E:

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme, usually): IPA(key): /ɛ/, /iː/, or silent
  • Audio (UK)
    		(file)
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /iː/
  • Rhymes: -iː
  • (Chinese state): IPA(key): /ʌ/
  • Rhymes: -ʌ

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English and Old English upper case letter E and split of Æ, EA, EO, and Œ, from five 7th century replacements of Anglo-Saxon Futhorcs by Latin letters:

  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛖ (e) Old English letter E, from replacement by Latin letter E of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛖ (e).
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ) Old English letter Æ from replacement by Latin ligature Æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ).
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛠ (ea) Old English digraph EA, from replacement by Latin digraph EA of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛠ (ea).
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛇ (ēo) Old English digraph EO from replacement by Latin digraph EO of Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛇ (eo).
  • Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛟ (œ) Old English letter Œ from replacement by Latin ligature Œ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛟ (œ).

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e, plural Es or E's)

  1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Number[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The ordinal number fifth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Abbreviation.

Symbol[edit]

E

  1. (ESRB rating) Abbreviation of everyone.
  2. East.
Translations[edit]
east — See also translations at east

Noun[edit]

E (plural Es)

  1. (slang) The drug ecstasy (MDMA), particularly in pill form.
    • 1995, Jarvis Cocker (lyrics), “Sorted For E’s and Wizz”, in Different Class, performed by Pulp:
      And I don't quite understand just what this feeling is / But that's okay cause we're all sorted out for E's and wizz
  2. (especially in LGBT contexts) The hormone estrogen/estradiol. (Contrast T, testosterone.)
  3. The grade below D in some grading systems. In most such systems, it is a failing grade.
    • 1999, Julian Stallabrass, High Art Lite: British Art in the 1990s, Verso, →ISBN, page 25,
      In line with this, he is marketed not only as a mental innocent, but as a class primitive, someone who only got an E in A-level art […]
    • a2003, Rick, quoted in Linda MacDowell, Redundant Masculinities?: Employment Change and White Working Class Youth, Blackwell Publishing (2003), →ISBN, page 198,
      My results weren’t that great, to be honest. I weren’t right happy with them; I got an E in Maths and that were a surprise, but I did get a B in Technology – that were all right.
    • 2005, S. J. Smith, Joe Public, Virtualbookworm Publishing, →ISBN, page 125,
      Not really, but perhaps I’d have got an ‘E’ in Tech Drawing no matter how much I’d asserted myself. Maybe Mr. Pinkerton would have seen to it that my exam paper was tampered with. A spot of teacher to student revenge.
    • 2005, Craig Taylor, Light, Reverb, →ISBN, page 103,
      But she didn’t get the bit about my accidental artistic career, “But you can’t draw love. You got an E in your exam. I remember that. You drew that onion that looked like a boil.”
  4. Abbreviation of episode. (installment of a series)
    The pilot episode is S01E01.
Translations[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Mandarin 鄂 (È).

Alternative forms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

E

  1. (history) A state in ancient China of varying location in present-day Shanxi, Henan, and Hubei.
    • 2002, The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities‎[1], page 229:
      The discovery suggests also that the center of the state of E was located in the Suizao corridor in Hubei, not far from the location of E as suggested by ancient geographical works.
    • 2006, Li Feng, Landscape and Power in Early China‎[2], Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, OCLC 667886620, pages 330-331:
      These three bronzes, though clearly modeled on Zhou types, are quite distinctive from the Zhou tradition. They suggest that, although the state of E served as an ally and agent of the Western Zhou state, it probably had a distinctive cultural origin of its own.
    • 2014, Liu Yang, Cast for Eternity‎[3], Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, →ISBN, OCLC 881612508, OL 26882136M, page 15:
      A six-character inscription cast inside the bowl records that this gui was made for a nobleman of the E state. Due to gaps in Chinese historical records, the exact history of the state of E is uncertain. Since the E Shu Gui was salvaged from a pile of scrap copper shipped to the Shanghai Foundry from Hubei province, some scholars have inferred that the gui was excavated from Hubei, therefore proving that the E state during the Western Zhou was located in today's Hubei province.
  2. (history) Its capital, also known as Echeng and Ezhou.
  3. A surname, from Chinese​.
Translations[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From E ɛ⁵⁵.

Proper noun[edit]

E

  1. A Tai-Chinese mixed language spoken primarily in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi, China; Kjang E.
See also[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Unknown.

Proper noun[edit]

E

  1. A river in the Highlands of Scotland.

Afar[edit]

Letter[edit]

E

  1. The fifth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Letter[edit]

E upper case (lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Basque[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Basque alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (capital, lowercase e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

E

  1. Abbreviation of eosto (“east”).

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ee and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ee and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

E

  1. Abbreviation of eximia cum laude approbatur.

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

E

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

Noun[edit]

E m

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

Letter[edit]

E

  1. The fifth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Galician[edit]

Noun[edit]

E

  1. leste (east)

Synonyms[edit]

  • (east): L

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the German alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter or phoneme itself; identifier): IPA(key): [ˈɛː][1]
  • (musical note): IPA(key): [ˈeː] (in the names of major scales; see also e)

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative E E-k
accusative E-t E-ket
dative E-nek E-knek
instrumental E-vel E-kkel
causal-final E-ért E-kért
translative E-vé E-kké
terminative E-ig E-kig
essive-formal E-ként E-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive E-ben E-kben
superessive E-n E-ken
adessive E-nél E-knél
illative E-be E-kbe
sublative E-re E-kre
allative E-hez E-khez
elative E-ből E-kből
delative E-ről E-kről
ablative E-től E-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		E-é E-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		E-éi E-kéi
Possessive forms of E
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. E-m E-im
2nd person sing. E-d E-id
3rd person sing. E-je E-i
1st person plural E-nk E-ink
2nd person plural E-tek E-itek
3rd person plural E-jük E-ik

Derived terms[edit]

Compound words

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280

Ido[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Italian[edit]

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Italian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Noun[edit]

E m

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

See also[edit]

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation[edit]

(file)
(file)

Letter[edit]

E

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Latvian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

The letter E/e (like its long counterpart Ē/ē) represent two sounds, [ɛ] — šaurais e (“narrow e”) — and [æ] — platais e (“broad e”). In principle, [ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowels i, ī, e, ē, the diphthongs ie, ei, and the palatal consonants j, ķ, ģ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, č, dž, and, in the old spelling, ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise, [æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the letter e — [ɛ] or [æ] — must be memorized.

See also[edit]

Malay[edit]

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E

  1. The fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (lowercase e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Nupe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Polish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. (International Standard) The seventh letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The eighth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

At the beginnings of some common words, this letter takes on the sound of /je/ as in este (/ˈje.ste/).

The digraph ea represents the diphthong /e̯a/, as in prea (/pre̯a/).

See also[edit]

Saanich[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E

  1. The ninth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Skolt Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (lower case e)

  1. The tenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (capital, lowercase e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script. Preceded by D and followed by F.

See also[edit]

Somali[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɛ/, /e/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ʔɛ/

Letter[edit]

E upper case (lower case e)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by A and followed by I.

See also[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

E m

  1. Abbreviation of este; east

Turkish[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The eighth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Welsh alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by Dd and followed by F.

Mutation[edit]

  • E cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word eliffant (“elephant”):
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
eliffant unchanged unchanged heliffant
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “E”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yoruba[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fourth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called é and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Zulu[edit]

Letter[edit]

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

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