annus

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Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *atnos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂et-no-, probably from *h₂et- (“to go”). Cognate with Oscan akno- (“year, holiday, time of offering”), Gothic *𐌰𐌸𐌽 (*aþn) or *𐌰𐌸𐌽𐍃 (*aþns, “year”) (attested in 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌸𐌽𐌹 (ataþni, “year”)), dialectal Dutch aden (“year”). For the root, compare Sanskrit अतति (atati, “he wanders, goes”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

annus m (genitive annī); second declension

  1. year
    Viginti annos natus est.
    He is twenty years old.
    Abhinc duo annos factum est.
    It happened two years ago.
  2. time; season

Usage notes[edit]

  • The Roman understanding of an annus differed in some ways from what modern English-speakers understand by year, see Roman calendar.

Declension[edit]

Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative annus annī
Genitive annī annōrum
Dative annō annīs
Accusative annum annōs
Ablative annō annīs
Vocative anne annī

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • annus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • annus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • annus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • annus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) at the beginning of the year: initio anni, ineunte anno
    • year by year; day by day: singulis annis, diebus
    • a year from now: ad annum
    • it is more than twenty years ago: amplius sunt (quam) viginti anni or viginti annis
    • twenty years and more: viginti anni et amplius, aut plus
    • twenty years ago: abhinc (ante) viginti annos or viginti his annis
    • I have not seen you for five years: quinque anni sunt or sextus annus est, cum te non vidi
    • he has been absent five years: quinque annos or sextum (iam) annum abest
    • the division of the year (into months, etc.: anni descriptio
    • the intercalary year (month, day): annus (mensis, dies) intercalaris
    • Homer lived many years before the foundation of Rome: Homerus fuit multis annis ante Romam conditam
    • how old are you: quot annos natus es?
    • I am thirteen years old: tredecim annos natus sum
    • I am in my thirteenth year: tertium decimum annum ago
    • a boy ten years old: puer decem annorum
    • to be entering on one's tenth year: decimum aetatis annum ingredi
    • to be ten years old: decem annos vixisse
    • to be more than ten years old, to have entered on one's eleventh year: decimum annum excessisse, egressum esse
    • to be not yet twenty: minorem esse viginti annis
    • I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
    • to reach one's hundredth year, to live to be a hundred: centum annos complere
    • to reach one's hundredth year, to live to be a hundred: vitam ad annum centesimum perducere
    • the addition of a few years: accessio paucorum annorum
    • to happen during a person's life, year of office: in aetatem alicuius, in annum incidere
    • to prolong the command for a year: imperium in annum prorogare
    • (ambiguous) to be elected at the age required by law (lex Villia annalis): suo (legitimo) anno creari (opp. ante annum)
    • to prolong a person's command: prorogare alicui imperium (in annum)
    • (ambiguous) in the past year: praeterito anno (not praeterlapso)
    • (ambiguous) last year: superiore, priore anno
    • (ambiguous) (1) last year; (2) next year: proximo anno
    • (ambiguous) in the following year: insequenti(e) anno (not sequente)
    • (ambiguous) after a year has elapsed: anno peracto, circumacto, interiecto, intermisso
    • (ambiguous) in the course of the year: anno vertente
    • (ambiguous) at the beginning of the year: initio anni, ineunte anno
    • (ambiguous) at the end of the year: exeunte, extremo anno
    • (ambiguous) every fifth year: quinto quoque anno
    • (ambiguous) in the fifth year from the founding of the city: anno ab urbe condita quinto
    • (ambiguous) to be elected at the age required by law (lex Villia annalis): suo (legitimo) anno creari (opp. ante annum)
  • annus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • annus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • annus in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

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