Empress Ma (Jianwen)
| Empress Xiaominrang 孝愍讓皇后 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Empress Consort of Ming China | |||||
| Reign | 1398 – 1402 | ||||
| Predecessor | Empress Xiaocigao | ||||
| Successor | Empress Renxiaowen | ||||
| Born | 1378 Yingtian, Nanjing | ||||
| Died | 1402 (aged 23–24) | ||||
| Spouse | Jianwen Emperor | ||||
| Issue | Zhu Wenkui Zhu Wengui | ||||
| |||||
Empress Ma (1378–1402), formally Empress Xiaominrang (孝愍讓皇后), was the Empress Consort to Jianwen Emperor and the second Empress Consort of China's Ming dynasty.[1]
Family background[edit]
Born in 1378, Ma was the daughter of an official from the town of Yingtian in modern Nanjing named Ma Quan (馬全). She married Zhu Yunwen, grandson of the Hongwu Emperor, and was proclaimed Crown Princess (Chinese: 皇太孙妃; pinyin: Huángtài sūn fēi) in 1395.[2]
As Empress[edit]
Zhu Yunmen ascended the throne in 1398 and Ma was instated as the Empress Xiaominrang in the second month of his reign.[3] She had two sons, Zhu Wenkui, Crown Prince Hejian and Zhu Wengui, Prince Huai of Run, both posthumously honored.
Death[edit]
In 1402, Zhu Di sacked Nanjing and set fire to the palace, where Empress Xiaominrang died.[4]
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
Sources[edit]
- Works cited
- Zhang Tingyu; et al. (1739). 《明史》 [History of Ming] (in Chinese). Volume 113: Biographies I (Empresses and Consorts).
| Chinese royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Empress Xiaocigao |
Empress of China 1399–1402 |
Succeeded by Empress Renxiaowen |
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