Zunyi
Coordinates: 27°43′19″N 107°01′52″E / 27.722°N 107.031°E
Zunyi
遵义市 Tsunyi, Tsun-i | |
|---|---|
 Zunyi skyline in 2011 | |
.png) Location of Zunyi City jurisdiction in Guizhou | |
  Zunyi Location of the city center in Guizhou  Zunyi Zunyi (Southwest China)  Zunyi Zunyi (China) | |
| Coordinates (Huichuan Sports Park (汇川体育公园)): 27°42′48″N 106°55′12″E / 27.7134°N 106.9201°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Guizhou |
| Municipal seat | Honghuagang District |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Wei Shuwang[1] |
| • Mayor | Huang Wei[2] |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 30,763 km2 (11,878 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,304 km2 (503 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,304 km2 (503 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 865 m (2,838 ft) |
| Population (2010 census) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 6,127,009 |
| • Density | 200/km2 (520/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,095,189 |
| • Urban density | 840/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,095,189 |
| • Metro density | 840/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 563000 |
| Area code(s) | 0851 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-GZ-03 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 贵C |
| Website | www |
Zunyi (simplified Chinese: 遵义; traditional Chinese: 遵義; pinyin: Zūnyì) is a prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, situated between the provincial capital Guiyang to the south and Chongqing to the north, also bordering Sichuan to the northwest. Along with Guiyang and Liupanshui, it is one of the most important cities of the province. The metro area is made of three urban districts of the city, Huichuan, Honghuagang, and Bozhou, had a population of 1,095,189 people; and the whole prefecture, including 14 county-level administration area as a whole, had a population of 6,127,009 at the 2010 census.
Zunyi is known for being the location of the Zunyi Conference in 1935, where Mao Zedong was first elected to the leadership of the Communist Party of China during the Long March.[3]
History[edit]
The area of Zunyi was originally inhabited by the Tongzi people during the Paleolithic. Later, its territory was apart of several kingdoms. Zunyi was considered to be the center of the Yelang kingdom. Zunyi first came under Chinese rule during Han dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han. After the Han dynasty collapsed, Zunyi remained under nominal Chinese control, but much of the administration was left to local, non-Han chiefs. In the 7th century CE, the area came under regular Chinese administration during the Tang dynasty, Zunyi was placed under the new Bo Prefecture.[4] In 1601 CE, during the Ming dynasty, Bo Prefecture was destroyed in a war, and subsequently, Zunyi Prefecture was established, with the city of Zunyi becoming the prefectural seat.[5] Zunyi retained its status as a prefectural seat through the Qing dynasty. After the Xinhai Revolution, Zunyi was redesignated as a county in 1914.[3]
In 1935, the Zunyi Conference took place in the city, resulting in Mao Zedong becoming the de facto leader of the Communist Party of China.[3]
During the country's the First Five-Year Plan, Zunyi was redesignated as a city, and experienced considerable growth and transformation.[3]
Geography and climate[edit]
Zunyi is located in northern Guizhou at an elevation of 865 m (2,838 ft); it is situated in the transition from the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to the Sichuan Basin and hill country of Hunan.
Zunyi has a four-season, monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), slightly modified by elevation. It has fairly mild winters and hot, humid summers; close to 60% of the year's 1,070 mm (42 in) of precipitation occurs from May to August. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from 4.5 °C (40.1 °F) in January to 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 15.32 °C (59.6 °F). Rain is common throughout the year, with 182 days annually precipitation, though it does not actually accumulate to much in winter, the cloudiest time of year; summer, in contrast, is the sunniest. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from around 9% in January and February to 45% in August, the city receives only 1,051 hours of bright sunshine annually; only a few locations in neighbouring Sichuan receive less sunshine on average.
| Climate data for Zunyi (1971–2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.6 (99.7) |
36.5 (97.7) |
35.1 (95.2) |
37.6 (99.7) |
38.7 (101.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
38.7 (101.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
9.4 (48.9) |
14.6 (58.3) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.5 (76.1) |
27.2 (81.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
30.0 (86.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
20.4 (68.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
19.6 (67.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
6.0 (42.8) |
10.3 (50.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
22.7 (72.9) |
25.1 (77.2) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.2 (61.2) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.7 (44.1) |
15.3 (59.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
3.9 (39.0) |
7.5 (45.5) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
20.8 (69.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
13.4 (56.1) |
8.9 (48.0) |
4.3 (39.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.1 (19.2) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
1.6 (34.9) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.9 (51.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
14.7 (58.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 26.0 (1.02) |
21.1 (0.83) |
36.8 (1.45) |
87.3 (3.44) |
152.7 (6.01) |
199.4 (7.85) |
153.4 (6.04) |
137.3 (5.41) |
100.6 (3.96) |
94.3 (3.71) |
44.5 (1.75) |
21.0 (0.83) |
1,074.4 (42.3) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 16.1 | 14.5 | 16.7 | 17.8 | 18.3 | 17.1 | 13.4 | 13.0 | 13.9 | 16.0 | 13.6 | 11.9 | 182.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83 | 81 | 80 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 77 | 77 | 79 | 82 | 81 | 80 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 27.8 | 29.4 | 55.1 | 90.0 | 102.5 | 103.3 | 171.2 | 182.3 | 113.6 | 77.8 | 54.6 | 43.3 | 1,050.9 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 9 | 9 | 15 | 23 | 25 | 25 | 41 | 45 | 31 | 22 | 17 | 13 | 24 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration | |||||||||||||
Administration[edit]
| Administrative Map of Zunyi City | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Area[6] (square kilometers) |
Administrative Seat | Postal Code |
| Zunyi City | 遵义市 | Zūnyì Shì | 30780.73 | Huichuan District | 563000 |
| Honghuagang District | 红花岗区 | Hónghuāgǎng Qū | 705.49 | Zhongzhuang Subdistrict | 563000 |
| Huichuan District | 汇川区 | Huìchuān Qū | 611.23 | Dalianlu Subdistrict | 563000 |
| Bozhou District | 播州区 | Bōzhōu Qū | 4092.00 | Nanbai Subdistrict | 563100 |
| Tongzi County | 桐梓县 | Tóngzǐ Xiàn | 3193.54 | Loushanguan | 563200 |
| Suiyang County | 绥阳县 | Suīyáng Xiàn | 2544.52 | Yangchuan | 563300 |
| Zheng'an County | 正安县 | Zhèng'ān Xiàn | 2595.24 | Fengyi | 563400 |
| Daozhen County | 道真仡佬族 苗族自治县 |
Dàozhēn Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn |
2157.50 | Yuxi | 563500 |
| Wuchuan County | 务川仡佬族 苗族自治县 |
Wùchuān Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn |
2777.59 | Duru | 564300 |
| Fenggang County | 凤冈县 | Fènggāng Xiàn | 1885.43 | Longquan | 564200 |
| Meitan County | 湄潭县 | Méitán Xiàn | 1859.13 | Meijiang | 564100 |
| Yuqing County | 余庆县 | Yúqìng Xiàn | 1623.67 | Baini | 564400 |
| Xishui County | 习水县 | Xíshuǐ Xiàn | 3063.28 | Donghuang | 564600 |
| Chishui City | 赤水市 | Chìshuǐ Shì | 1882.57 | Shizhong Subdistrict | 564700 |
| Renhuai City | 仁怀市 | Rénhuái Shì | 1789.53 | Yanjin Subdistrict | 564500 |
| Note: Honghuagang figures contain the San Po New Area under the jurisdiction of the town. | |||||
Ethnic groups[edit]
The 1999 Zunyi Prefecture Almanac lists the following ethnic groups.[7]
- Gelao
- Miao
- m̥uŋ˥˧ sa˥ ("Blue-Skirted Miao"): most populous, found in western Zunyi Prefecture
- m̥uŋ˥˧ la˥˧ ("Red-Skirted Miao"): central Zunyi Prefecture
- m̥uŋ˥˧ tleu˥˧ ("White-Skirted Miao"): least populous, found in central Zunyi Prefecture
- m̥uɑ˥˧ ʂuɑ˥ ("Chinese Miao"; clothing similar to that of the m̥uŋ˥˧ tleu˥˧): northwestern Zunyi Prefecture
- Tujia
- Buyi
- Yi
- Dong
- Hui
- Manchu
Transportation[edit]
- China National Highway 210
- China National Highway 306
- Sichuan–Guizhou Railway
- Chongqing–Guiyang high-speed railway
- Zunyi Xinzhou Airport
- G4215 Rongzun Expressway
- G56 Hangzhou–Ruili Expressway
- G75 Lanzhou-Haikou Expressway
A rapid transit system is in the planning stages for Zunyi.
Economy[edit]
Zunyi is the economic and commercial hub of the North Guizhou Province. In 2019, Zunyi's GDP was CN¥348.3 billion (US$53 billion).[8]
Culture[edit]
Being known as the "home of culture" of Guizhou province, Zunyi, or the North-Guizhou area, is the education and economic centre of the province.
Museums & tourism[edit]
The Zunyi Conference Memorial Museum is located in Honghuagang District, and consists of several sites related to the historical Zunyi Conference.[9]
Institutions of higher learning[edit]
Zunyi is home to the Zunyi Medical College (ZMC), which was formerly the Dalian Medical College founded in 1947. The College was moved from Dalian to Zunyi and renamed to the Zunyi Medical College with the approval of the State Council in 1969.[10] Another college-level institution of in the city is the Zunyi Normal College (遵义师范学院).[11]
Food and liquor[edit]
The rice liquor Maotai is produced in the town of Maotai, known as the "national liquor of China."[12][13] Zunyi is home to much chili pepper cultivation, and red sorghum is also grown in Zunyi, a key ingredient for baijiu in China.[14]
References[edit]
- ^ "贵州遵义市长魏树旺出任遵义市委书记_人事风向_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ "黄伟 简历 - 人民网 地方领导资料库". ldzl.people.com.cn. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Zunyi | China". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ^ Schmidt, Jerry D. (20 June 2013). The Poet Zheng Zhen (1806-1864) and the Rise of Chinese Modernity. BRILL. ISBN 9789004252295. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ "CHINA TODAY". www.chinatoday.com.cn. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
- ^ Zunyi City land use planning (2006-2020)
- ^ 遵义地区志：民族志. 1999. p. 103.[full citation needed]
- ^ "HKTDC Research". research.hktdc.com.
- ^ "Zunyi Conference Memorial Museum | govt.chinadaily.com.cn". govt.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
- ^ "An Introduction to Zunyi Medical College (ZMC )". 7 July 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07.
- ^ http://www.zync.edu.cn/
- ^ "Zunyi Travel Guide". Travel China Guide. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
- ^ "Collecting guide: Moutai — China's 'national liquor' | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
- ^ "Feature: Zunyi: hot chilies, red sorghum and Red Army - Xinhua | English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
External links[edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zunyi. |
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