2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

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2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.png
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedApril 2, 2021
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameTauktae
 • Maximum winds185 km/h (115 mph)
(3-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure950 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Depressions6
Deep depressions5
Cyclonic storms4
Severe cyclonic storms3
Very severe cyclonic storms2
Extremely severe cyclonic storms1
Total fatalities233 total
Total damage$5.21 billion (2021 USD)
Related articles
North Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023

The 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, peaking between May to November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean.

The season began on April 2, when a depression designated as BOB 01 was formed in the north Andaman Sea and quickly made landfall in Myanmar. The basin remained quiet for over a month before Cyclone Tauktae formed. It rapidly intensified into a extremely severe cyclonic storm before making landfall in Gujarat, become the strongest storm ever to strike that state since the 1998 Gujarat cyclone. Later that month, BOB 02 formed and later strengthened into Cyclone Yaas. Yaas rapidly intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm before making landfall in northwestern Odisha. As of May 2021, the strongest tropical cyclone is Cyclone Tauktae, with maximum wind speeds of 185 km/h (115 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 950 hPa (28.05 inHg).

The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere, east of the Horn of Africa and west of the Malay Peninsula. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea to the west of the Indian subcontinent, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department (IMD); and the Bay of Bengal to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. On average, four to six cyclonic storms form in this basin every season.[1]

Season summary[edit]

Cyclones Gulab and ShaheenCyclones Gulab and ShaheenCyclone YaasCyclone Tauktae

No systems formed in the basin until April 2, when a depression near the Myanmar coast in the North Andaman Sea formed, however it dissipated the next day. It was considered rare since the storm formation usually begins from mid-April to May. After a month of inactivity, another depression formed off the coasts of Kerala and Lakshadweep. It intensified into a deep depression on the same day and later into a cyclonic storm, being assigned the name Tauktae by the IMD. It continued intensifying, and on May 17, Tauktae peaked as an extremely severe cyclonic storm before making landfall in Gujarat hours later, dissipating on May 19. A few days after Tauktae dissipated, a depression formed in the Bay of Bengal on May 23. It intensified gradually to a cyclonic storm and assigned the name Yaas. It further intensified into a very severe cyclonic storm on May 25 and made landfall in the state of Odisha by the next day, becoming the second cyclone to hit the nation within a span of ten days. After a long gap of three and a half months, a depression formed in the Bay of Bengal on September 12, becoming the first system in the monsoon season. Not a week later, another depression formed over the east-central Bay of Bengal, making the second system in the post-monsoon season. It later intensified into a deep depression and on 25 September 2021, it intensified into cyclonic storm which was named Gulab, marking the first named storm in the post-monsoon season. Then, after only two days, the remnants of Cyclonic Storm Gulab entered the Arabian sea and regenerated into a Depression and became ARB 02. ARB 02 intensified into a cyclonic storm and was named Shaheen by the IMD.

Systems[edit]

Depression BOB 01[edit]

Depression (IMD)
BOB 01 2021-04-02 0204Z.jpg BOB01 2021 track.png
DurationApril 2 – April 3
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

A tropical wave developed stretching between the Malay Peninsula and the equatorial Indian Ocean. From this wave a cyclonic circulation formed on March 26 over the southeast Bay of Bengal. The strong pulse of the Madden–Julian oscillation, high Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential, moderate sea surface temperatures up to 29–30 °C (84–86 °F), and moderate wind shear, caused the system intensify into a low-pressure area on March 31. An anticyclonic circulation in southeast Asia and an upper tropospheric ridge in the westerlies caused the system to move north-northeastwards. These conditions influenced the system and its intensification as it became a well-marked low-pressure area on April 1 at 09:00 UTC (14:30 IST), and later becoming a depression on April 2 at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST). Satellite imagery revealed that during its intensification, the clouds of the system organised and developed a low-level circulation center with intense to very intense convection at its center. It continued to maintain its intensity, however, at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST) on April 3, vertical wind shear increased, causing the system to weaken slightly and the system's clouds to become disorganised, however, a scatterometer pass revealed that it still maintained its intensity. On April 3, at 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST), the clouds further became disorganised, while maintaining its low-level circulation. The system continued to weaken under similar unfavourable conditions with further disorganising of clouds, and at 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST), the system was downgraded to a well-marked low-pressure area, with the system barely having a circulation.[2]

The influence of the system caused light to moderate rainfall in most places of Andaman Islands and heavy rainfall in few places. The system's remnant low caused isolated rainfall over the Myanmar coast. Estimated winds of up to 40 to 50 km/h (25 to 30 mph) gusting up to 60 km/h (35 mph) were recorded on the island.[2] The first tropical depression of the basin, it was also a rare disturbance since it formed in early April while the most cyclogenesis occurs during mid-April or throughout May.[2]

Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Tauktae[edit]

Main article: Cyclone Tauktae
Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Tauktae 2021-05-17 0835Z.jpg Tauktae 2021 track.png
DurationMay 14 – May 19
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (3-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

On May 14, a depression formed in the Arabian Sea off the coast of Kerala.[3] The JTWC began monitoring the depression, and designated it as Tropical Cyclone 01A.[4] The system gradually intensified, before intensifying into a Deep Depression by 12:00 UTC (17:30 IST) that day.[5] Around 18:00 UTC (23:30 IST) that day, the system intensified into a Cyclonic Storm, and it was given the name Tauktae by the IMD.[6][7] The name Tauktae was contributed to the naming list by Myanmar, and it means gecko in the Burmese language.[8] It later intensified into a Severe Cyclonic Storm at 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST) in May 15.[9] It was record as it intensified from a depression to a severe cyclonic storm in span of two days. Usually it takes four to five days to do that.[10] Three hours later, the JTWC upgraded Tauktae to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[11] Tauktae further intensified into a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST) May 16.[12] At 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST) that day, the JTWC upgraded the storm further to a Category 2 tropical cyclone.[13] INSAT imagery showed that the cyclone had developed an eye by 09:00 UTC (14:30 IST).[14] However, the eye had started to degrade by 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST), according to INSAT imagery, and remained ragged for the rest of the storm's lifetime.[15]

At 03:00 UTC on May 17, Tauktae intensified into an Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm on 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST) of May 17,[16] which was unexpected since many forecaster predicted that it would be a very severe cyclonic storm.[17] The JTWC upgraded Tauktae to a Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone soon afterward.[18] However, Tauktae quickly weakened into a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone later that day.[19] The cyclone made landfall in the region of Saurashtra between Diu and Una at around 15:30 UTC (21:00 IST). After landfall, Tauktae weakened to a Very Severe Cyclonic Storm. Wind speeds of approximately 150 to 175 km/h (93 to 109 mph) were recorded at the district of Diu in the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. It became one of strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall in the Indian state of Gujarat since the 1998 Gujarat cyclone.[20][21] Meanwhile, the JTWC issued their last tropical cyclone warning on the storm at 21:00 UTC (02:30 IST) on May 17.[22] The weakening trend although slower than usual due to the brown ocean effect mostly because of the influence of a western disturbance, which continued as it moved further inland until 14:00 UTC (19:30 IST) on May 19, when it was downgraded to a well-marked low pressure area over Eastern Rajasthan and adjoining west Madhya Pradesh, later dissipating.[23][24] The combination of a western disturbance and the remnants of Cyclone Tauktae have also caused heavy rainfall in Northwestern India.[25]

A total of 174 people were confirmed to have been killed by the storm, and 81 others are still missing. Estimated losses from Tauktae are ₹15,000 crore (US$2.1 billion).[26][27][28] Heavy rainfall was reported over areas of Kerala,[29] causing flash floods and waterlogging soil;[30] fishing was temporarily banned in the area due to rough seas.[31] Parts of Kerala and Lakshadweep were placed under a red alert on May 14.[32] The second state experienced heavy rainfall as the cyclone tracked west of the Indian coast. In Chellanan, a village in Ernakulam district, homes were submerged underwater due to unexpected rain and coastal erosion. The administration opened up a relief camp at the local St. Mary's School for the inhabitants of low-lying areas. Due to the ongoing second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, isolated testing facilities were arranged.[33] The most severe effects of Cyclone Tauktae occurred in the states of Maharashtra and Saurashtra in Gujarat. The city of Mumbai experienced heavy rainfall, very strong trees and waves crashed the shores. Trees were uprooted and streets were waterlogged. It was the strongest cyclone since Cyclone Nisarga in 2020.[34] As a precaution, flight operations at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport were temporarily halted before resuming hours later.[35] The cyclone also affected neighbouring countries like Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka.[36] In the Sindh province of Pakistan, four people died due to a roof collapse caused by strong winds.[37][38]

Very Severe Cyclonic Storm Yaas[edit]

Main article: Cyclone Yaas
Very severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Yaas 2021-05-26 0500Z.jpg Yaas 2021 track.png
DurationMay 23 – May 28
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (3-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

On May 22, a low-pressure area formed in the Bay of Bengal. On the next day, at 09:30 UTC (15:00 IST), the disturbance organised into a Depression, and was assigned the designation BOB 02 by the IMD.[39] Later that day, the JTWC issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert for the system.[40] The storm subsequently intensified into a Deep Depression at 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST) on May 23.[41] Several hours later, the storm further intensified into a Cyclonic Storm at 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST) on May 24, and was given the name Yaas by the IMD.[42] The name Yaas was provided by Oman,[7] and it means "a Jasmin-like tree", which has good fragrance in Persian.[8] In Arabic, the name Yaas is known as despair or desperation.[43] Meanwhile, JTWC designated as Tropical Cyclone 02B.[44] On May 24, at 18:00 UTC (23:30 IST) it rapidly intensified into a severe cyclonic storm,[45] then becoming a very severe cyclonic storm on 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST) of May 25 despite being present in moderate to high easterly wind shear.[46] Meanwhile, JTWC upgraded it into a Category 1 tropical cyclone on 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST) of the same day.[47] The cyclone made landfall north of Dhamra Port and south of Bahanaga at around 03:30 UTC (09:00 IST) in May 26.[48] The process completed at around 05:30 UTC (11:00 IST ), with estimated winds up to 130 to 140 km/h (80 to 85 mph). Storm surge caused most of the damage in south Bengal and northwestern Odisha.[49] After landfall it started to weaken rapidly into a severe cyclonic storm then into a cyclonic storm.[50] As it moved further inland towards Nepal, IMD discontinuing advisories for Cyclone Yaas, as it became a well marked low pressure on 00:00 UTC (05:00 IST) of May 28.[51] JTWC later issued their last warning at 09:00 UTC (11:30 IST) in May 26, stating that it rapidly weakened into a tropical storm after landfall.[52] The remnant of Cyclone Yaas continued moving north-northwestwards and impacted Bihar, Jharkhand and eastern Uttar Pradesh. Heavy rainfall and gusty winds were reported in these areas.[53][54][55] The cyclone also helped the monsoon to strengthen over the Bay of Bengal, after Tauktae disrupted it on May 15.[56]

Eleven people had been reported dead due to Cyclone Yaas. Of them, two died in a tornado outbreak which struck West Bengal's Hooghly District and North 24 Paraganas, according to Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. At least 80 homes had been damaged.[57] Another died as a tree fell onto him, and a teen was found dead in a river. Two farmers had also died after being struck by lightning, and an elderly woman was trapped in a collapsed house, eventually dying there. Two individuals were killed as they were crushed by uprooted trees while in Jharkhand, two more people were found dead in a collapsed house on May 27. estimated the total damages in West Bengal from the system to be at ₹20 thousand crore (US$2.76 billion).[58] The most affected states are West Bengal and Odisha. At least 10 million people were affected and 300,000 houses were damaged. Most them were caused by storm surge, high astronomical tides and broken embankments. The West Bengal Government verified that 134 embankments has been damaged. At least two million people were evacuated in the states of West Bengal, Odisha and Jharkhand.[59] Towns of Frazerganj, Bakkhali, Sundarban, Kakdwip, Namkhana, Ganga Sagar and Gosaba were flooded by seawater.[60] As a precautionary measure, airports of Bhubaneswar, Jharsuguda, Kolkata, Rourkela and Durgapur were closed temporarily until May 27.[61] Cyclone Yaas generated high waves and storm surge which crashed the coastal beaches of Digha and Mandarmoni. The concrete embankments broke and seawater flooded the entire Digha—Mandarmoni Belt.[62] Because of big wind field of Cyclone Yaas, Kolkata experienced powerful gusty winds, Alipore Meteorological Department recorded 62 km/h (39 mph) winds.[63] Minimal damage was reported, however high tides caused the Hooghly River to flood neighboring banks like Kalighat, Howrah and Chelta.[64] The cyclone also affected Nepal and Bangladesh.[65][66] The remnants of Cyclone Yaas made landfall in Nepal and triggered heavy rainfall.[65] Meanwhile, Bangladesh experienced high tide and storm surge which flooded many villages.[66]

Deep Depression BOB 03[edit]

Deep depression (IMD)
BOB03 2021-09-13 2006Z.jpg BOB03 2021 track.png
DurationSeptember 12 – September 15
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (3-min)  990 hPa (mbar)

On September 10 of 18:00 UTC (23:30 IST), the JTWC noted an area of convection which had formed about 489 nmi (906 km; 563 mi) from Chennai, India. The JTWC gave it a medium chance of formation, because of presence of moderate wind shear.[67] At 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST) the next day, the IMD reported that under the influence of a cyclonic circulation, a low pressure area had formed over the east central Bay of Bengal,[68] because of a formation of a low-level circulation.[69] On September 12, the IMD upgraded the system to a well-marked low pressure area as the prevailing low-level circulation had intensified into a cyclone circulation or a vortex.[70][71] It was followed by the JTWC issuing a TCFA for the system because of weakening vertical wind shear.[72] At 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST), the well-marked low pressure was upgraded to a Depression, because of the further consolidation of the cyclonic vortex. Furthermore, the prevailing favorable conditions like warm sea-surface temperatures, low to moderate wind shear and a strong Madden–Julian Oscillation also supported the intensification of the system. It was designated as BOB 03.[73][74] At 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST) the next day, the system was upgraded to a Deep Depression, since satellite imagery showed that its cyclonic vortex had organized even more. Similarly favourable conditions prevailed, which helped in the intensification of the system,[75][76] despite it already making landfall near Chandbali, Odisha between 00:00 UTC and 01:00 UTC (05:30 IST and 06:30 IST).[75] At 06:30 UTC (12:00 IST), the JTWC cancelled its TCFA, as the system's center went over land which diminished the chance of intensification, despite favorable conditions.[77] The system managed to maintain its intensity because of the prevailing monsoonal conditions as it moves further inland over north-central Odisha, towards northern region of the state of Chhattisgarh.[78][79][80][81][82] As the system crossed Odisha and reached northern Chhattisgarh, it weakened into a depression,[83] but the prevailing monsoonal conditions kept the system alive and it continued moving over northern Chhattisgarh towards Madhya Pradesh.[84][85] The system weakened into a well-marked low pressure area over north-eastern Madhya Pradesh at 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST) of September 15.[86]

The depression caused record-breaking rainfall in Odisha, with Puri recording 341 mm (13.4 in) of rain, breaking the 87 year record which was made in 1934. Along with Puri, Bhubaneswar also recorded 195 mm (7.7 in) of rain, breaking the 63-year-old record which was made in 1958. Two deaths have been reported.[87] In West Bengal, the outer bands of the system caused intense rainfall mainly over the districts of East Midnapore, West Midnapore, North 24 Parganas and South 24 Parganas of the state on September 14.[88][89] Heavy rainfall and waterlogging has been reported in many parts of Kolkata causing disruption in traffic.[88] The Kolkata airport became flooded causing the flights to delay however no flights were cancelled.[90][91] The city recorded 63.6 mm (2.50 in) in 24 hours.[88] Of which, Dum Dum in North Kolkata recorded the heaviest rainfall of the day with 130 mm (5.1 in) of rain.[92] The system also caused heavy rainfall in Jharkhand,[93] north Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.[94]

Cyclonic Storm Gulab[edit]

Cyclonic storm (IMD)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Gulab 2021-09-26 0740Z.jpg Gulab-Shaheen 2021 track.png
DurationSeptember 24 – September 28
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (3-min)  992 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclones Gulab and Shaheen

On September 24, the JTWC noted a cyclone which was producing tropical storm-force winds located over the east-central Bay of Bengal, 211 nmi (391 km; 243 mi) south of Chittagong, Bangladesh, designating the system as 03B.[95] The IMD noted the system as a low pressure area at 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST); the system formed from a cyclonic circulation which persisted over the Gulf of Martaban.[96][97] It was later upgraded to a well-marked low-pressure area at 11:00 UTC (16:30 IST), as it developed a cyclonic vortex at 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST).[98][99] At 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST), the IMD upgraded it to a Depression, as the convection had further organized and the clouds were moving in a curved manner. Favorable conditions such as moderate to high sea-surface temperatures, the Madden–Julian oscillation being favorable for tropical cyclone development, and low vertical wind shear allowed intensification.[100] By 03:00 UTC the next day, the system was upgraded to a Deep Depression, as the cloud further organized near the center. There were also the presence of warm moist air over the center of the system.[101][102] At 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST), the IMD upgraded it to a cyclonic storm as its convection had become better organized with a defined central dense overcast.[103] The system was named Gulab, which was suggested by Pakistan.[103][7] The name means rose in Urdu/Hindi.[104] As it continued westward, the cloud bands of Cyclone Gulab had touched the coastal regions of northern Andhra Pradesh and southern Odisha, which indicated that it had started its landfall process at about 18:00 IST (12:30 UTC) on September 26.[105] By 17:00 UTC (10:30 IST), it had crossed 20 km (10 mi) north of Kalingapatnam.[106] At 21:00 UTC (02:30 IST), the JTWC had issued its final warning prior to landfall.[107] Three hours later, the IMD downgraded it to a deep depression, as it had lost its energy after travelling over rough Indian terrain.[108] It further weakened into a depression by 20:00 IST (14:30 UTC) as it entered the state of Telangana.[109] It maintained its intensity as it travelled westwards until at 14:00 IST (08:30 UTC), when it weakened into a well-marked low pressure area over west Vidarbha.[110] The remnant of Gulab later became Cyclone Shaheen over the Arabian Sea.[111][112]

Gulab caused severe floods and landslide in several states in southern and central India killing 17 people and caused ₹20 billion (US$269 million) in damage.[113] In Andhra Pradesh, heavy damage were caused by Gulab over Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts. Communications and electricity were disrupted and uprooted trees caused congestion in roads. The city of Vizianagaram was inundated with waterlogging because of improper underground drainage system and hundreds of trees and billboards were fallen in different places.[114] In Vizag, heavy rainfall caused regional floods and gusty winds which caused uprooting of several trees.[115] The heavy rainfall also caused the inundation of the airport.[116] The city recorded 282 mm (11.1 in) in 24 hours making the wettest September only behind the year 2005.[117] Two people died because of drowning.[118] As Gulab weakened into a deep depression, it entered Telangana and Chhattisgarh dumping enormous amounts of heavy rainfall. In Telangana especially Hyderabad, flash flooding caused disruption in traffic and severe hardships to the residents. Two people were washed away by a overflowed stream. Because of the above situation, the government of Telangana declared a holiday for all government offices, schools, and institutions.[119] The heavy rainfall caused the Musi river to overflow.[120] Heavy rainfall were also seen in Chhattisgarh.[121] The remnant of Cyclone Gulab, caused devastating rainfall and landslides in Maharashtra. According the State Disaster Response Force, thirteen people and 206 livestock were killed by the flooding from eight districts of the state. Four people went missing after a Maharashtra state transport bus was swept away by a overflowing stream near Umarkhed, Maharashtra, however two of the six travellers were rescued successfully.[122]

Severe Cyclonic Storm Shaheen[edit]

Severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 1 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Gulab-Shaheen 2021-10-03 0930Z.jpg Gulab-Shaheen 2021 track.png
DurationSeptember 30 – October 4
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (3-min)  986 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Cyclones Gulab and Shaheen

On September 29, the remnant of Cyclone Gulab entered north-eastern Arabian Sea as a well-marked low pressure area.[111] On the same day at 17:30 UTC (23:00 IST), the JTWC issued a TCFA, as it developed a well-defined convection and a low-level circulation center.[123] At 00:00 UTC (05:30 IST) next day, the IMD upgraded it to a depression over the Gulf of Kutch and it was designated as ARB 02. Latest INSAT 3D satellite imagery showed that the convection had increased near its center.[124][125] At 21:00 UTC (02:30 IST), the JTWC upgraded it as a tropical storm, however they had designated it 03B, as the agency claims Shaheen to be a continuation of Cyclone Gulab.[126] At the same moment, the IMD upgraded it to a deep depression.[127] Six hours later, the system was further upgraded to a cyclonic storm, as the spiral bands were seen wrapping over the obscure low-level circulation center.[112] The system was named Shaheen, which was offered by Qatar.[112][7] The name Shaheen means royal white falcon or hawk.[128] At 15:00 UTC (20:30 IST), the IMD further upgraded it to a severe cyclonic storm, as the clouds had became well-organized moving with a defined curved pattern.[129] At 03:00 UTC (08:30 IST) the next day, the JTWC upgraded it to a Category 1 equivalent tropical cyclone, as it developed an eye-like feature. However, it struggled for further development, due to lack of convection.[130] By 06:00 UTC (11:30 IST), the cyclone developed a defined but ragged eye.[131] At 09:00 UTC (14:30 IST), the JTWC downgraded it to a tropical storm,[132] but six hours later, the JTWC re-upgraded it to a Category 1 tropical cyclone.[133] Between 19:00 UTC and 20:00 UTC (00:30 IST and 01:30 IST), Shaheen made landfall over the northern Oman coast,[134] making it one of the rare cyclones to strike this region since 1890.[135][136] At 21:00 UTC (02:30 IST), the JTWC issued its final warning for the storm as it made landfall.[137] After making landfall, Shaheen underwent a rapid weakening because of the dry landmass of the Arabian Desert. From 00:00 UTC till 12:00 UTC, it rapidly weakened from a severe cyclonic storm to a well-marked low pressure area. Satellite imagery showed that after making landfall, the cloud mass had quickly became disorganized and the center became less defined.[138][139][140]

Prior before landfall, a child in Oman was killed by the flash flooding caused by the heavy rains of Cyclone Shaheen and another person was declared missing.[141][142] Another two Asian workers died because of a landslide.[142] The National Committee for Emergency Management of Oman, reported seven more deaths without giving too much details. A man which went missing after the floodwater swept him and his vehicle was found dead.[143] Authorities found another dead person that went missing.[144] In Iran, the two of the six fisherman that went missing had found dead.[144]

Storm names[edit]

Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached cyclonic storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by a new list from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New Delhi by mid year of 2020. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin from the Western Pacific, then it will retain its original name. The next eight available names from the List of North Indian Ocean storm names are below.[7]

  • Jawad (unused)
  • Asani (unused)
  • Sitrang (unused)
  • Mandous (unused)

Season effects[edit]

This is a table of all storms in the 2021 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, duration, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), damage, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2021 USD.

Name Dates active Peak classification Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
BOB 01 April 2 – 3 Depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Myanmar None 0
Tauktae May 14 – 19 Extremely severe cyclonic storm 185 km/h (115 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Delhi, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Maldives, Haryana, Sindh, Sri Lanka, West India $2.1 billion 174 [145][146]
Yaas May 23 – 28 Very severe cyclonic storm 140 km/h (85 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bangladesh, East India, Nepal, Uttar Pradesh $2.84 billion 20 [147][48][148]
BOB 03 September 12 – 15 Deep depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal None 2 [149]
Gulab September 24 –28 Cyclonic storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana $269 million 20 [118][119][122][113]
Shaheen September 30 – October 4 Severe cyclonic storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Balochistan, Iran, Gujarat, Oman, Sindh Unknown 14 [141][142][143][144]
Season aggregates
6 systems April 2 – Season ongoing 185 km/h (115 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) $5.21 billion 227

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Tropical Cyclones". India Meteorological Department. India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on May 29, 2009. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Preliminary Report of a Depression over North Andaman Sea" (PDF). www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in. New Delhi, India: India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2021. Retrieved April 25, 2021.
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  4. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Warning for Tropical Cyclone 01A". metoc.navy.mil. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. May 14, 2021. Archived from the original on May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2021.
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  6. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Advisory Bulletin No. 1". mausam.imd.gov.in. India Meteorological Department. May 14, 2021. Archived from the original on May 14, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2021.
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External links[edit]

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