Table of Contents
Featured Resource
Inclusive Design Patterns
Inclusive Design Patterns explains how we can craft accessible interfaces without extra effort— and what front-end design patterns we can use to create inclusive experiences.
Media
Books
Physical and eBooks written to discuss different accessibility topics.
Accessibility for Everyone
Get sure footing on the path to designing with accessibility.
Adaptive Web Design: Crafting Rich Experiences with Progressive Enhancement
Building an elegant, functional website requires more than just knowing how to code. In Adaptive Web Design, Second Edition, you’ll learn how to use progressive enhancement to build websites that won’t break, work anywhere, are accessible by anyone—on any device, and are designed to work well into the future.
Agile Accessibility Handbook
Free ebook: A Practical Guide to Accessible Software Development at Scale.
Apps For All: Coding Accessible Web Applications
Web accessibility is quite a large topic — far too large to fit into a small book. So, what will this book cover? Though we shall encounter visual design challenges, deal with performance issues, and adopt progressive enhancement — all of which are accessibility concerns — the underlying theme of this book is about making the interactivity of web applications include keyboard and screen reader users.
Automating Inequality
In Automating Inequality, Virginia Eubanks systematically investigates the impacts of data mining, policy algorithms, and predictive risk models on poor and working-class people in America.
Branding and Designing Disability: Reconceptualising Disability Studies
Given their potential to divide humans into categories and label their worth and value, design and branding can wield immense but currently unharnessed powers of social change. Groups designed as devalued can be undesigned, redesigned and rebranded to seamlessly and equivalently participate in community, work and civic life.
Building Access: Universal Design and the Politics of Disability
Building Access investigates twentieth-century strategies for designing the world with disability in mind.
Color Accessibility Workflows
Make sure accessibility and aesthetics go hand-in-hand with every design.
Crip Theory: Cultural Signs of Queerness and Disability
A bold and contemporary discourse of the intersection of disability studies and queer studies.
Cross-Cultural Design
Explore how to create culturally relevant and responsible experiences that reach a truly global audience.
Design for Cognitive Bias
In Design for Cognitive Bias, David Dylan Thomas lays bare the irrational forces that shape our everyday decisions and, inevitably, inform the experiences we craft. Once we grasp the logic powering these forces, we stand a fighting chance of confronting them, tempering them, and even harnessing them for good.
Design Meets Disability
How design for disabled people and mainstream design could inspire, provoke, and radically change each other.
Design for Real Life
You can’t know every user, but you can develop inclusive practices to create experiences that support a wider range of people, more of the time.
Designing with the Body: Somaesthetic Interaction Design
Interaction design that entails a qualitative shift from a symbolic, language-oriented stance to an experiential stance that encompasses the entire design and use cycle.
Designing with Progressive Enhancement: Building the Web that Works for Everyone
Progressive enhancement is an approach to web development that aims to deliver the best possible experience to the widest possible audience, and simplifies coding and testing as well. Whether users are viewing your sites on an iPhone, the latest and greatest high-end system, or even hearing them on a screen-reader, their experience should be easy to understand and use, and as fully-featured and functional as possible.
Designing with Web Standards
Designing with Web Standards remains your essential guide to creating sites that load faster, reach more users, and cost less to design and maintain.
Disability Visibility: First-Person Stories from the Twenty-First Century
Activist Alice Wong brings together this urgent, galvanizing collection of contemporary essays by disabled people.
Giving a damn about accessibility
A candid and practical handbook for designers.
Inclusify: The Power of Uniqueness and Belonging to Build Innovative Teams
How do we find that happy medium where workers can demonstrate their individuality while also feeling they belong?
Inclusive Design for a Digital World
What is inclusive design? It is simple. It means that your product has been created with the intention of being accessible to as many different users as possible.
Inclusive Design for Organisations
In this book, award-winning international accessibility thought-leader Jonathan Hassell shows you how to transform your organisation to consistently and cost-efficiently create websites, mobile apps and other digital products that are usable for all of your customers.
Inclusion: Diversity, The New Workplace & The Will To Change
The Inclusion Dividend provides a framework to tap the bottom line impact that results from an inclusive culture.
The Inclusion Dividend: Why Investing in Diversity and Inclusion Pays Off
The Inclusion Dividend provides a framework to tap the bottom line impact that results from an inclusive culture.
Inclusive Conversations: Fostering Equity, Empathy, and Belonging across Differences
Effective dialogue across different dimensions of diversity, such as race, gender, age, religion, or sexual orientation, fosters a sense of belonging and inclusion, which in turn leads to greater productivity, performance, and innovation.
Inclusive Design Patterns
Inclusive Design Handbook gets to the bottom of it all: accessibility myths and rules of thumbs, WAI-ARIA roles, content accessibility guidelines, landmark roles, keyboard and touch accessibility, accessible markup and interaction patterns, accessible forms and widgets, multimedia accessibility and inclusive prototyping.
Living in Information: Responsible Design for Digital Places
Websites and apps are places where critical parts of our lives happen. We shop, bank, learn, gossip, and select our leaders there. But many of these places weren’t intended to support these activities. Instead, they’re designed to capture your attention and sell it to the highest bidder.
Making Disability Modern
Making Disability Modern: Design Histories brings together leading scholars from a range of disciplinary and national perspectives to examine how designed objects and spaces contributes to the meanings of ability and disability from the late 18th century to the present day, and in homes, offices, and schools to realms of national and international politics.
Mismatch: How Inclusion Shapes Design
How inclusive methods can build elegant design solutions that work for all.
No Right to Be Idle: The Invention of Disability
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Americans with all sorts of disabilities came to be labeled as “unproductive citizens.” Before that, disabled people had contributed as they were able in homes, on farms, and in the wage labor market, reflecting the fact that Americans had long viewed productivity as a spectrum that varied by age, gender, and ability.
Practical Web Inclusion & Accessibility
This book will guide you through a broad range of access needs, the barriers users often face, and provide practical advice on how your sites can help rather than hinder. Going beyond advice tailored solely for developers, this book offers potential improvements for designers, developers, user experience professionals, QA and testers, so that everyone involved in building a website can benefit.
Pro HTML5 Accessibility
Pro HTML5 Accessibility helps designers come to grips with building exciting, accessible and usable web sites and applications with HTML5. The book covers how to use HTML5 in order to serve the needs of people with disabilities and older persons using assistive technology (AT).
Sound Is Not Enough: Captioning as Universal Design
Do you have a podcast, video series, or an upcoming live event? Do you want to increase your audience tenfold? We have the solution, and it’s captioning. In her book, Sound Is Not Enough: Captioning as Universal Design, Svetlana Kouznetsova will show you how to capture those new viewers and take your audience to a whole new, and diverse level.
Technically Wrong
In Technically Wrong, Sara Wachter-Boettcher demystifies the tech industry, leaving those of us on the other side of the screen better prepared to make informed choices about the services we use—and to demand more from the companies behind them.
We Are Not Users: Dialogues, Diversity, and Design
A call to reclaim and rethink the field of designing as a liberal art where diverse voices come together to shape the material world.
Web and App Accessibility: Your Roadmap to Digital Inclusion
Your Roadmap to Digital Inclusion is made up of four instructive chapters, focused on the resource considerations for each stage of a typical digital accessibility program and how to integrate the disability community across your program.
Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory Compliance
The power of the Web lies in the fact that anyone and everyone can access it, and this should also extend to users with disabilities. Accessibility is about making websites accessible to those with aural, visual, or physical disabilities, or rather, constructing websites that don't exclude these people from accessing the content or services provided.
A Web for Everyone: Designing Accessible User Experiences
If you are in charge of the user experience, development, or strategy for a web site, A Web for Everyone will help you make your site accessible without sacrificing design or innovation. Rooted in universal design principles, this book provides solutions: practical advice and examples of how to create sites that everyone can use.
What Can a Body Do? How We Meet the Built World
A fascinating and provocative new way of looking at the things we use and the spaces we inhabit, and a call to imagine a better-designed world for us all.
Newsletters
Get the latest accessibility-related news delivered to your inbox.
The A11Y Project
A summary of the links The A11Y Project shares on Twitter throughout the week. Shared weekly on Fridays.
Accessibility Weekly
A weekly dose of web accessibility to help you bring it into your everyday work. Delivered to your inbox each Monday.
Axess Lab Newsletter
Get notified when we write new stuff
Equal Entry Newsletter
Get free tips to grow your accessibility knowledge delivered right to the comfort of your own inbox.
Microassist
Stay up to date on learning and development, training opportunities, and accessibility news.
Stark
Join readers from Microsoft, QZ, Amazon, and more receiving our weekly newsletter with highly curated content and write-ups, plus Stark updates here & there.
t12t Accessibility Newsletter
The goal is to spread news, articles and tips regarding web accessibility. This will be more than a bunch of links in an email, there will be opinions.
University of Minnesota Duluth Webdev Newsletter
The Web Design Update is a plain text email digest dedicated to disseminating news and information about web design and development with emphasis on elements of user experience, accessibility, web standards and more.
WCAG of the Day
It's like those “Word of the Day” email services, but for the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) instead. Each day it sends out a short summary of a different success criterion.
The WebAIM Newsletter
The WebAIM newsletter is for people that are interested in receiving monthly news and updates on web accessibility issues. The newsletter will include featured articles, monthly tips, resources, and questions from WebAIM's discussion forum.
Podcasts
Listen to, or read the transcripts of people talking all about accessibility.
13 Letters
The accessibility podcast.
061: Accessibility with Marcy Sutton
Marcy Sutton is going to be talking with us a little bit about accessibility, both in the large and the small.
#A11y Rules Podcast
Conversations around web accessibility.
#A11y Rules Soundbites
Short discussions with disabled people about the barriers they encounter on the web.
a11y Cocktail
In this episode, we have a special guest joining us to talk about digital accessibility, Jennison Asuncion who is a leader in the accessibility community and has a lot of information to help us improve our websites and applications be more accessible for all users.
Accessibility a Developer's User Story
On this episode of Eat Sleep Code, guest Elle Waters explains why accessibility is important in software development and what a developer’s responsibilities are when creating a product.
Accessibility with Heydon Pickering
We're chatting with Heydon Pickering about accessibility, using pre-built solutions past their best before date, everyone's varying degrees of proficiency, and whether accessibility is becoming second nature to more people.
Accessibility with Nicolas Steenhout and Christopher Schmitt
We're talking accessibility with Christopher and Nicolas from Knowbility. Does accessibility transcend the web? Is it discouraging how much work still needs to be done? How do we get people the skills needed to help with accessibility on the web? Should accessibility be a role in house? And is Javascript the enemy of accessibility?
Accessibility is not a 'nice to have' – with Derek Featherstone
Why do companies de-prioritize accessibility? Making a digital map accessible to the blind. Pros and cons of the straw test. Why simulating a disability is not the same as working with disabled people.
Accessible Podcast
Accessible is a fortnightly—episodes are released twice per month—podcast about accessibility in tech. Topics covered on the show are mostly Apple-centric but will span the tech industry at large where appropriate.
Document Accessibility Unraveled
Join Chad Chelius and Dax Castro (CHAX) as they chat about important document accessibility topics, trends and maybe even complain a little now and again.
Get Access with Aaron Cannon
This week, we talk accessibility pitfalls with Aaron Canon.
Intro to Accessibility with Stephanie Slattery
Stephanie Slattery explains the 5 categories of disabilities, shows us how to implement suggestions from the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, and shares why she’s so passionate about accessibility.
Presentable 30: Accessibility is Social Justice
This week on the show, we talk to Laura Kalbag about her new book, Accessibility for Everyone. We discuss how digital products have an increasing mandate to be broadly usable by everyone in society, and what we can do to achieve better accessibility in our designs.
Thisten
Thisten is an audio-to-text platform, where transcripts are created and aggregated from podcasts for people to search, reference and discover.
Talks
Recorded conference talks.
A11ycasts with Rob Dodson
The goal of A11ycasts is to teach developers how accessibility works all the way down at the platform level, while also demonstrating real world accessibility problems and solutions to fix them.
A11YTalks
YouTube livestreams about accessibility.
Aaron Cannon, Blind Web Developer
LDS Church (2007)
Accessibility in the Age of Components - Ayesha Mazumdar
React Boston 2019
Accessibility is My Favorite Part of the Platform
Google I/O (2016)
Accessibility Mythbusting
WDCNZ (2013)
The Accessibility Panel
WDCNZ (2013)
Accessibility Talks
Monthly online talks about accessibility.
Advancing Web Accessibility with ChromeVox
Google I/O (2013)
Designing for Accessibility (Google I/O'19)
Hear from people who are working to make the world an easier place for those with disabilities.
Garbage Pail Components: Marcy Sutton
Clarity (2019)
HTML5 Accessibility (Steve Faulkner)
Paris Web (2013)
How captions increase ROI and audience for media creators (Svetlana Kouznetsova)
If media and event producers want a larger audience, they need to consider making them accessible via high quality same language captions and transcripts. They are good for business and a necessity for millions of people. Auto captions are not the best accessibility practice, especially for professional content. You have the opportunity to learn firsthand from a deaf speaker in the 8-minute video that has English captions and subtitles in multiple languages.
Introduction to Web Accessibility
This brief introductory video geared towards technology professionals provides a baseline understanding of the topic of Web and digital accessibility: designing, coding, and testing with users with disabilities in mind, including the diverse assistive technology and tools they may be using to engage with their computing devices.
JavaScript and Civil Rights (Marcy Sutton)
Web Rebels (2017)
Make Your Widgets Sing With ARIA
WDCNZ (2013)
Multi-device Accessibility (Alice Boxhall)
Chrome Dev Summit (2013)
PWAs in any context
Progressive Web App Summit (2016)
The rock'n'roll guide to ARIA and HTML5
Generate Conference (2013)
Tools
Bookmarklets
Small “micro apps” that live in your browser that you can activate to manipulate the current page or view.
44x44 Pixel Cursor Bookmarklet
A bookmarklet to make it easier to test WCAG’s Target Size and proposed Pointer Target Spacing requirements.
Akbar
A bookmarklet that simulates various types user experiences.
ANDI
The Accessible Name and Description Inspector accessibility testing tool.
HTML_CodeSniffer
Check that your HTML code conforms to your coding standard.
Inaccessible Twitter
Check how accessible your Twitter media posts are.
Nu Markup Validation Service Bookmarklets
The W3C Nu Markup Validator checks the markup validity of Web documents, but instead uses the backend from the Validator.nu engine.
text spacing bookmarklet
Quick and dirty testing of WCAG 2.1 Success Criterion 1.4.12 Text Spacing.
tota11y
An accessibility visualization toolkit.
The Visual ARIA Bookmarklet
Visual ARIA allows engineers, testers, educators, and students to physically observe ARIA usage within web technologies.
Browser extensions
Specialized tools that augment your browser to augment and enhance your experience.
Accessibility Insights
Solve accessibility issues before they reach your customers.
ARC Toolkit
ARC Toolkit is a professional-level accessibility testing tool that gives you the power to quickly and efficiently evaluate screens for accessibility and uncover issues related to the WCAG 2.1 Level A and AA guidelines.
axe
The world's leading digital accessibility toolkit - download as a browser extenion or on NPM. Chosen by Microsoft, Google, development and testing teams everywhere.
axe beta
Automatically catch tons of accessibility bugs with axe. Catch even more with axe beta.
ChromeVox (Classic)
The ChromeVox (Classic) screen reader is an extension to Chrome that brings the speed, versatility, and security of Chrome to visually impaired users.
Color Contrast Analyzer
Allows you to analyze text color contrast problems on a webpage according to the WCAG 2 text color contrast requirements.
Fix Contrast
Automatically fixes contrast issue on websites to a specifix contrast ratio.
headingsMap
The extension generates a documentmap or index of any web document structured with headings (you can access directly to the content by clicking on any of its items), and now, it shows the HTML 5 outline.
Landmarks
Allows you to navigate a web page via WAI-ARIA landmarks, using the keyboard or a pop-up menu.
NoCoffee
NoCoffee can be helpful for understanding the problems faced by people with slight to extreme vision problems.
Skip to Landmarks and Headings
Provides keyboard access to landmark regions and headings (h1–h6) on a web page.
WAVE Evaluation Tool
WAVE is a web accessibility evaluation tool developed by WebAIM. It provides visual feedback about the accessibility of your web content by injecting icons and indicators into your page.
Colors
These tools help you create, test for, and maintain accessible color contrast ratios.
a11y-contrast
A CLI utility to calculate/verify accessible magic numbers for a color palette.
Accessibility Tester
Pick any color to generate an accessible palette.
Accessible color palette builder
An Elm-based prototype to help designers build accessible color palettes.
Blindspot: Hidden Biases of Good People
In Blindspot, Mahzarin Banaji and Anthony Greenwald explore hidden biases that we all carry from a lifetime of experiences with Blindspot approved.inddsocial groups – age, gender, race, ethnicity, religion, social class, sexuality, disability status, or nationality.
Colorable
Color palette combination contrast tester
Color Safe
Empowering designers with beautiful and accessible color palettes based on WCAG Guidelines of text and background contrast ratios.
Colors: A11Y Stats
Colors.css - A nicer color palette for the web.
Colorblind Web Page Filter
Use the Colorblind Colorlab to select safe colors earlier in the design process.
Contrast Ratio
Easily calculate color contrast ratios. Passing WCAG was never this easy!
Hex Naw
Hex Naw is a tool that helps designers and developers test entire color systems for contrast and accessibility. Plug in your palette or color system and let Hex Naw do the rest.
Image-Color: Color Contrast Checker
Enter your colors in HEX format or click on the icon to use the color picker. Contrast ratio value will be updated automatically as you change color values.
Pika
An open-source colour picker app for macOS.
Tanaguru Contrast-finder
Find good constrast for web accessibility between two colors.
We are Colorblind
Making the world a better place for the colorblind.
Who Can Use
A tool that brings attention and understanding to how color contrast can affect different people with visual impairments.
Development tools
Tools and resources for helping to develop with an accessible mindset.
Accessify
Run a free website performance test and get actionable tips on how to optimize it.
Accessibility stats experiment
Find accessibility stats by github repository.
AccessLint
AccessLint is a GitHub App that finds accessibility issues in your pull requests.
Ace, by DAISY
Ace, the Accessibility Checker for EPUB, is a tool developed by the DAISY Consortium to assist with the evaluation of accessibility features of EPUB publications.
ally.js
A JavaScript library to help modern web applications with accessibility concerns by making accessibility simpler.
a11yTools Extension for Safari macOS
a11yTools is a collection of HTML Web Accessibility Testing Tools in one location in an Extension for Safari used for quick and easy Accessibility testing.
a11yTools iOS - Web Accessibility Testing Tool
a11yTools is a collection of HTML Web Accessibility Testing Tools in one location on your iPhone and iPad for quick and easy Accessibility testing.
Accessibility Management Platform (AMP)
AMP’s powerful testing engine and work flow, accessible development best practices and extensive training course library allow organizations to quickly and efficiently incorporate accessibility compliance into existing development processes.
ARC
Automated testing that looks for machine-detectable accessibility defects within digital content.
axe-core
Accessibility engine for automated Web UI testing.
Atom: web-accessibility-checker
Web Accessibility checker which evaluate some defined WCAG rules instantly during coding or on command.
Atom: accessibility-snippets
Snippets that include all WAI-ARIA attributes and descriptions, for ease of use in building more accessible web content.
Be Inclusive
Be Inclusive is a web app that helps you define, track, and share web accessibility audits.
Bootstrap accessibility plugin
Bootstrap Accessibility Plugin is an extension for the Bootstrap 3 web development framework that makes many of the components of this library accessible for keyboard and screen reader users.
Pa11y
Pa11y is your automated accessibility testing pal.
Sa11y
Sa11y is an accessibility quality assurance tool that visually highlights common accessibility and usability issues. Geared towards content authors, Sa11y indicates errors or warnings at the source with a simple tooltip on how to fix.
Sublime WAI-ARIA Package
WAI-ARIA Roles, States and Properties auto-completion for Sublime Text.
Screen readers
Information about screen reading assistive technology.
Android Accessibility Suite
Android Accessibility Suite is a collection of accessibility services that help you use your Android device eyes-free or with a switch device.
Assistiv Labs
Instantly test how accessible your experience is with the real assistive technologies your disabled users rely on — screen readers, magnifiers, and more — from any computer.
Job Access With Speech (JAWS)
JAWS is the world's most popular screen reader, developed for computer users whose vision loss prevents them from seeing screen content or navigating with a mouse.
NonVisual Desktop Access
NonVisual Desktop Access (NVDA) is a free, open-source, portable screen reader for Microsoft Windows.
Orca
Orca is a free and open-source, flexible, extensible screen reader from the GNOME project for individuals who are blind or visually impaired.
VoiceOver (iOS)
VoiceOver is a gesture-based screen reader that lets you enjoy using iPhone even if you don’t see the screen.
VoiceOver (macOS)
VoiceOver gives you auditory descriptions of each onscreen element and provides helpful hints along the way.
Vision simulators
Vision simulators can be used to help you get an idea of how a low vision situation may appear.
Color Oracle
Color Oracle takes the guesswork out of designing for color blindness by showing you in real time what people with common color vision impairments will see.
Contrast
A macOS app for quick access to WCAG color contrast ratios
Colour Contrast Analyser
The Colour Contrast Analyser (CCA) helps you determine the legibility of text and the contrast of visual elements, such as graphical controls and visual indicators.
Sim Daltonism
Sim Daltonism lets you visualize colors as they are perceived with various types of color blindness.
Education
Blogs
Other accessibility-focused websites to read and learn from.
#a11y tag on The Practical Dev
Where programmers share ideas and help each other grow.
24 Accessibility
24 days of digital accessibility gifts during the season of giving and sharing.
456 Berea Street
Articles and news on web standards, accessibility, and usability.
a11yTips
Simple tips on making web content more accessible to all.
Accessibility Matters
Documenting everything through the journey of learning web accessibility.
Accessible Culture
Promoting a culture of inclusion through the research and application of web accessibility and standards.
Accessibility Wins
Showcasing accessible user interfaces and tools.
Alicia Jarvis' Inclusive Design Blog
Hi, I’m Alicia. I'm a diversity, equity and inclusion strategist, researcher, and culture consultant based in Toronto.
Articles » Simply Accessible
Find out what’s happening in the world of accessible design, Simply Accessible’s team updates, and better practices for an accessible web.
Blog - Karl Groves
Karl Groves' web accessibility blog
Inclusive Components
A blog trying to be a pattern library. All about designing inclusive web interfaces, piece by piece.
Deque Blog
Stay up to date on all things accessibility
Low Visionary
A blog by Robyn Hunt
TPGi Blog
A blog about accessibility written by the TPGi's employees.
WebAIM Blog
A blog about accessibility written by WebAIM's employees.
Web Axe
Blog and podcast on web accessibility.
Community help
Other internet groups where you can find accessibility help and support.
Search for 'accessibility' on Accessify.com
Questions and Answers by Accessify: Browse through our database of popular questions to find the best answers ever posted by other people.
Anybody can be an A11y Slacker
Information on the web-a11y Slack group.
CivicActions Accessibility Practice Area Site
An open project by the CivicActions team to foster more digital inclusion. This site focuses on open source approaches and builds on global best practices, particularly with government IT.
Eleventy WCAG Reporter
This repository lets you create WCAG EM Reports using Eleventy.
The most insightful stories about Web Accessibility – Medium
Content tagged with 'accessibility'.
Newest 'accessibility' Questions - User Experience Stack Exchange
Content tagged with 'accessibility'.
Newest 'accessibility' Questions - Stack Overflow
Content tagged with 'accessibility'.
Search for 'a11y' on Meetup.com
Find Meetups so you can do more of what matters to you.
Web Accessibility Guidebook for Developers - Telerik
With this article, our goal is to introduce fellow engineers, regardless of level, to web accessibility and share our practical knowledge and best practices.
WebAIM Web Accessibility E-mail Discussion List
The WebAIM web accessibility mailing list is for anyone interested in discussing web accessibility issues. Individuals from all organizations and specialties are encouraged to join.
Courses
Classes you can take to learn all about accessible digital design and development.
Accessibility Courses
Courses, webinars, educational videos, and more, offered in web accessibility.
Accessibility fundamentals
Technology can empower people to achieve more, help strengthen education opportunities, and make the workplace more inviting and inclusive for people with disabilities.
Get Started with Web Accessibility
Learn what accessibility is and how to make websites and apps accessible to people with disabilities.
Introduction To Accessibility Testing
Learn with me about what Accessibility is, why it's important to test for and how to get your team started with an Accessibility testing mindset.
Introduction to Web Accessibility
Get a strong foundation in digital accessibility to make your websites and apps work well for people with disabilities, meet international standards, and provide a better user experience for everyone.
Start Building Accessible Web Applications Today
This course will introduce you to accessibility through hands-on, technical examples that are way more effective than reading 10-year-old static web content.
Take 5 - Ethan Marcotte
A series of five 5-minute tutorial videos hosted by Aquent Gymnasium that deal with introductory accessibility topics.
The A11Y Collective
The A11Y Collective is the e-learning platform for anyone who wants to learn more about web accessibility. The courses focus mostly on knowledge and skills that are valuable for web designers, developers, webmasters, product owners and web editors.
Web Accessibility by Google
In this course you’ll get hands-on experience making web applications accessible.
Design and user experience
Information for how to create accessible digital designs.
7 Things Every Designer Needs to Know about Accessibility
Accessibility enables people with disabilities to perceive, understand, navigate, interact with, and contribute to the web. Imagine a world where developers know everything there is to know about accessibility. You design it and they build it… perfectly. In this world, only the design itself can cause people with disabilities to have trouble using a product.
A11y Annotation Kit
We use this library at Indeed to help designers document accessibility considerations to share with developers when handing off designs.
Accessible UI Components For The Web
To be accessible, UI components need to work across multiple devices with varying screen-sizes and different kinds of input. Moreover, components should be usable by the broadest group of users, including those with disabilities.
Accessible Usability Scale (AUS)
The Accessible Usability Scale (AUS) is a free tool to measure the usability of a digital product for assistive technology users. Inspired by the System Usability Scale (SUS), the Accessible Usability Scale consists of ten questions administered at the end of a user experience to calculate a score.
Accessibility guidelines for UX Designers
As a UX designer, it is important to build empathy and celebrate accessibility requirements as a set of design constraints to build a better product.
Disabled And Here
Disabled And Here is a stock image and interview series celebrating disabled Black, Indigenous, people of color (BIPOC).
Designing for accessibility is not that hard
Seven easy-to-implement guidelines to design a more accessible web.
Ethical Design Guide
Ethical Design Guide is made to share resources on how to create ethical products that don't cause harm.
Information on different types of people for graphic communication, website and information designers including free reusable infographic
How can we include as many people as possible when designing graphic communication and information, and how do we not unnecessarily exclude people?
UX Myths
UX Myths collects the most frequent user experience misconceptions and explains why they don't hold true.
WCAG for designers
Here's a checklist I'm working on to help ensure the products I design comply with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).
Screen reader help
Help about screen reading assistive technology.
Basic screen reader commands for accessibility testing
When you test your website with a screen reader there are a few basic commands you should know.
How to start testing screen reader support using VoiceOver
This article explains why you should be testing your content with a screen reader. It also gives a visual guide on how to use VoiceOver on macOS
The Importance Of Manual Accessibility Testing
Automated accessibility tests are a great resource to have, but they can’t automatically make your site accessible. Use them as one step of a larger testing process.
Keyboard Testing Basics
Keyboard testing is one of the most efficient, impactful, and easy tasks that any team member can do to find accessibility issues.
Testing with Screen Readers
Answers to common questions.
Typography
Good typography is an important part of an accessible digital experience.
Designing Accessible Content: Typography, Font Styling, and Structure
Creating and designing accessible content means more than just choosing accessible typography. Even with “perfect” font families in place on your website, people with low vision, cognitive, language, and learning disabilities may still struggle to process the text.
Fonts don’t matter
If you’re an art director or font fanatic, you might want to sit down for this. Take a few deep breaths. Go to your happy place. Because I’m going to explain why fonts are overrated and what actually matters for readability.
Letter and symbol misrecognition in highly legible typefaces for general, children, dyslexic, visually impaired and ageing readers
This paper identifies easily misrecognised letters and symbols in highly legible typefaces for general, children, dyslexic, visually impaired and ageing readers. It can also be considered as a review of related research in this area.
Subject matter
Animation
Responsible animation only starts when requested, can be paused, and avoids using known seizure and migraine triggers.
Photosensitive Epilepsy Analysis Tool
The Trace Center's Photosensitive Epilepsy Analysis Tool (PEAT) is a free, downloadable resource for developers to identify seizure risks in their web content and software.
Learn about how to make your email accessible.
accessible-email.org
It is the mission of Accessible-email.org to promote email marketing accessibility and usability.
Accessibility and Inclusion with the World’s Most Popular Communication Tool: Email
Some best practices on creating more accessible and inclusive email campaigns, routinely ranked as one of the world’s most valuable marketing channels, yet very little work has been done to make it more accessible for under-represented groups.
Accessibility in Email Marketing
Accessibility is a term that gets thrown around a lot in web design, but what does it mean for email marketing? It comes down to some simple changes you can make in your content to remove barriers for subscribers with disabilities.
A Beginner’s Guide to Email Accessibility (Checklist + Resources)
This guide will walk you through a checklist of over thirty improvements you can make to your emails to make sure they’re as accessible as possible.
Email Accessibility Best Practices
We’re passionate about helping email developers and marketers create and send emails that every subscriber can read and understand, regardless of whether they have a visual impairment or disability.
The Ultimate Guide to Accessible Emails
It only takes a few small steps to make your emails more accessible for all of your subscribers. In this post, we’ll discuss what those steps are and how they can make email better for everyone.
HTML and ARIA
Well-structured, semantic HTML is the foundation of an accessible web experience. ARIA can help make interactive web experiences accessible.
a11ysupport.io
Will your code work with assistive technologies?
Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA) 1.1
Accessibility of web content requires semantic information about widgets, structures, and behaviors, in order to allow assistive technologies to convey appropriate information to persons with disabilities.
HTML5 Accessibility
Get the current accessibility support status of HTML5 features across major browsers
Periodic Table of ARIA 1.0 Roles
ARIA 1.0 Roles displayed in the style of the periodic table of elements.
WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices 1.1
This document provides readers with an understanding of how to use WAI-ARIA 1.1 to create accessible rich internet applications.
Web Accessibility Tutorials
This collection of tutorials shows you how to develop web content that is accessible to people with disabilities, and that provides a better user experience for everyone.
Images and icons
Images and icons can help draw a reader in and communicate functionality and abstract concepts.
Accessible SVGs
Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG) is emerging as the preferred graphic format to use on the web today. Are you abandoning the icon font or replacing old pg, gif and png graphics for the well-supported SVG, too? Let’s see how this will impact users of assistive technology (AT) and what is needed in order to ensure a great user experience for everyone.
Accessible SVG Icons with Inline Sprites
Marco Hengstenberg visits the practice of using SVG icons with inline sprites, and how to ensure these icons are accessible.
Alternative Text
Adding alternative text for images is the first principle of web accessibility. It is also one of the most difficult to properly implement.
Alt-texts: The Ultimate Guide
This post contains everything you need to know about alt-texts! When to use them and how to perfectly craft them.
An alt Decision Tree
This decision tree describes how to use the <code>alt</code> attribute of the <code><img></code> element in various situations. For some types of images, there are alternative approaches, such as using CSS background images for decorative images or web fonts instead of images of text.
An Alt Text Primer
An image, they say, is worth a thousand words. Unless you can’t perceive images. This is why the alt attribute for images on the web is so important.
Considerations when writing alt text
Find out what alt text is, why it’s so important, and how to write content for your images.
Creating Accessible SVGs
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVGs) have been around since 1999, but they have seen a real resurgence in use as design interactions have become more complex and CSS/JavaScript have replaced antiquated animation programs such as Adobe Flash.
How To Describe Images
The Poet Training Tool is a web based image description resource that helps people learn when and how to describe various types of images frequently found in educational books.
Mobile apps
Unlike websites and web apps, mobile apps need to be installed on the device they're used on. They have some different requirements to ensure they're accessible.
Android Accessibility by Tutorials
Learn to build accessible apps on Android using WCAG through hands-on, step-by-step tutorials.
iOS Accessibility: Getting Started
In this iOS accessibility tutorial, learn how to make apps more accessible using VoiceOver and the Accessibility inspector.
Mobile A11y
Mobile A11y is a collection of blogs and resources about how we as mobile developers can improve accessibility on mobile devices.
PDFs
Adobe's PDF file format needs special considerations to ensure it can work with assistive technology.
AcceDe PDF Project
The aim of this guide is to provide all the practical information you need to learn how to tag a PDF document.
Create and verify PDF accessibility (Acrobat Pro)
Acrobat tools make it easy to create accessible PDFs and check the accessibility of existing PDFs. You can create PDFs to meet common accessibility standards, such as Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 and PDF/UA (Universal Access, or ISO 14289).
PDF Tagging and Reading Order (eight-part series on PDF accessibility)
Making sure that PDFs are accessible to everyone, including those using assistive technologies like screen readers, refreshable braille displays, screen magnifiers, etc., can be a daunting technical process. In this article, we’ll address two basic PDF accessibility concepts – tagging and reading order. Then, in subsequent articles, we’ll address more specific topics in PDF accessibility.
PDF accessibility introduction
Although web accessibility is most commonly thought of when talking about digital accessibility, document accessibility also plays an important role. Document formats such as Word, PowerPoint, Excel, ePub, and most commonly PDF, are quite common and are usually linked within web pages or sent via email. As such, it’s important to make sure that those documents are accessible as well.
WebAIM: PDF Accessibility
Defining Acrobat PDF accessibility.
Groups and organizations
Conferences
Annual events about accessibility and inclusion.
#a11yTO Camp
Opening the doors for a free day of accessibility learning.
#a11yTO Conf
A curated playlist of talks, focused on digital accessibility.
Abilities Expo
Where else can you conquer an all-inclusive climbing wall, show off your skills in adaptive sports, learn moves from pioneers of inclusive dance, find the perfect device to meet your needs and so much more?
ACCESS
ACCESS is an annual conference by 3Play Media celebrating video, accessibility, & the people who make it happen.
Assistive Technology Industry Association (ATIA)
Over the past 22 years, ATIA has been a community gathering for assistive technology practitioners, teachers, parents and caregivers, persons with disabilities and more to learn, network and share on the best in assistive technology.
axe-con Digital Accessibility Conference
Axe-con is an open and inclusive digital accessibility conference that welcomes developers, designers, business users, and accessibility professionals of all experience levels to a new kind of accessibility conference focused on building, testing, and maintaining accessible digital experiences.
Closing the Gap
Discover how AT can change lives and improve learning!
CSUN Assistive Technology Conference
Known as a forum that showcases cutting edge technology and practical solutions that can be utilized to remove the barriers that prevent the full participation of persons with disabilities in educational, workplace and social settings, the conference is the largest of its kind in the world.
The Digital Accessibility Legal Summit
We bring together experts from the fields of accessibility and legal to discuss current trends, and to provide insights that will be helpful to practitioners in their work on digital accessibility.
Funka Accessibility Days
Funka Accessibility Days is northern Europe’s largest conference on accessible ICT. We are proud to welcome some of the world´s leading experts on web accessibility.
Future Date
Future Date is a free, volunteer-led, virtual accessibility conference. Our goal is to expose our audience to the pioneering work and lived experiences of disability and accessibility leaders.
Global Accessibility Awareness Day
The purpose of GAAD is to get everyone talking, thinking and learning about digital access and inclusion, and the more than One Billion people with disabilities/impairments.
International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (ICCHP)
ICCHP is a series of biannual scientific conferences in the field of ICT/AT for people with disabilities.
ICT Accessibility Testing Symposium
The annual ICT Accessibility Testing Symposium is a place for in-person knowledge sharing in ICT Accessibility Testing research and practice and for professional networking.
Inclusive Design 24 (#id24)
A free 24-hour online event for the global community. It celebrates inclusive design and shares knowledge and ideas from analogue to digital, from design to development, from planners to practitioners, and everything and everyone in between.
John Slatin Virtual AccessU
Whatever your role in digital accessibility, wherever you are on your journey, there is simply no better place to learn and connect to the global community than the annual John Slatin AccessU conference.
M-Enabling
The M-Enabling Summit Conference and Showcase is dedicated to promoting accessible and assistive technology for senior citizens and users of all abilities.
Magnify Conference
The Magnify Conference was created from a surge of inspiration when seeing so many talented people practicing inclusive design practices daily across the globe.
Web4All
The conference focuses on all aspects of web accessibility. Areas of general interest include, but are not limited to the following: age, cognition, culture, education, emotions, dexterity, disability, diversity, health, hearing, income, infrastructure, language, learning, literacy, mobility, situation, society, and vision.
Meetups
Area groups dedicated to regularly meeting to discuss accessibility related topics.
A11YChi/A11Y-Presentations
A guide to accessible presentations, for presenters, speakers.
#a11yTO
#a11yTO actively promotes digital inclusion for the design and development communities in and around the Greater Toronto Area.
Access + Equity
Access + Equity is a brand-new series featuring some of the best minds in the field of disability rights and accessibility.
Accessibility Chicago
Accessibility Twin Cities is designed to connect and support individuals who work in – or are even simply interested in – the field of digital accessibility and accessibility testing for organizations, businesses and government.
Accessibility Twin Cities
A community of digital professionals passionate about making the world more accessible and inclusive.
A11yPHL - Philly Accessibility Meetup
The Philly Accessibility Meetup exists to connect and elevate the local accessibility community.
a11ySD
San Diego Accessibility & Inclusive Design meetup
A11ySEA
Accessibility Seattle is dedicated to the simple premise that 'digital inclusion' is fundamental.
Accessibility Club
The Accessibility Club gives you the chance to get some real-world experience with assistive technology, deepen your knowledge about web accessibilty and get in touch with like-minded webworkers.
Accessibility DC
Accessibility DC is a monthly meetup once every month and is a chance for people who are interested in Accessibility to get together and share information. Web Developers who are interested in Web Accessibility and Adaptive Technology Users who have a daily experience of accessibility issues are all welcome to attend.
A11yNYC - Accessibility New York City
Our group exists to advance accessibility and inclusive design. Our goal is to bring together NYC's accessibility community to share ideas, best practices, and our experiences.
A11yVR - Accessibility Virtual Reality
Accessibility VR is a monthly meetup that brings together people interested in accessibility in virtual reality to share ideas, best practices, and our experiences.
AnnArborA11y
Accessibility group based in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
axe-con
Free, virtual digital accessibility conference with tracks for design, develoopers, business leaders, and compliance.
Bay Area Accessibility and Inclusive Design
Calling all Bay Area developers, designers, accessibility, usability and any other high-tech professionals who have an interest in digital (web, mobile, etc.) accessibility and users with different disabilities.
Bristol Inclusive Design & Development
A meetup for anyone involved in digital design and development, accessibility and inclusive design.
Budapest Accessibility Meetup
A meetup for Hungarian developers and designers.
Buffalo Accessibility Meetup
This is a venue for developers, designers, UX professionals, copywriters, QA professionals, and so on, to get together to learn from and share with others everything we can about accessibility and inclusiveness.
Open Mcr
A meetup in Manchester focussing on making digital services accessible and inclusive to everyone.
a11yRTP
Are you interested in digital accessibility? Join this group of practitioners and inquirers as we explore how to make all aspects of digital life accessible to all people.
A11y Berlin
A11y Meetup Berlin is designed to bring together the accessibility, web performance, and inclusive design community to share and discuss ideas, best practices, and experiences.
Cleveland Accessibility Meetup
Accessibility is for everyone. We seek to increase awareness of digital accessibility, inclusive design, and assistive technologies in Northeast Ohio in a setting of sharing, learning, and networking.
Inclusive Design & Accessibility
We like to come together to talk about inclusive design and accessibility. Be it UX design, UI design, EU law changes, web accessibility, product design, user research, what have you.
Munich Accessibility Meetup
Munich Accessibility Meetup is a hub to bring together Munich's accessibility and inclusive design community.
Paris Web Accessibility
Ce groupe s'adresse à toutes personnes étant intéressée à rendre le web plus accessible allant du développeur au designer en passant par le product owner.
Portland Accessibility and User Experience Meetup
Oregon, United States
OZeWAI - Australian Web Adaptability Initiative
OZeWAI is an association of volunteers working to make the information world more inclusive. It was the first such organisation in Australia and has been a leading initiative in the field for more than 20 years.
A11y Bytes
A11y Bytes is a dynamic fast-paced evening of lightning talks about digital accessibility and the needs and preferences of users with disabilities, run in multiple cities across Australia.
Melbourne Web Accessibility and Inclusive Design
Based in Melbourne, Australia, this group is for web practitioners and other professionals who are interested in web accessibility and inclusive design practices.
Sydney Web Accessibility and Inclusive Design
This Sydney group is for anyone interested in inclusive research, design and development practices. This includes accessible design and development, user research that involves people with disabilities in a holistic, integrated fashion as well as compliance with international standards such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines.
Accessibility Scotland
Accessibility Scotland’s focus is on providing a friendly, affordable, and informative day focused on digital accessibility and inclusion.
London Accessibility Meetup
We are the UK's largest accessibility community, a welcoming and friendly group of people focussed on digital products, digital services and the built environment across the public, private and charitable sectors.
a11yMTL meetup - web accessibility & inclusive design
a11yMTL is a bilingual interest group for anyone passionate about web accessibility, universal design, and digital inclusion.
role=drinks
What on Earth is a role=drinks? It’s an accessibility meetup! The event features lightning talks by accessibility specialist, time to talk to the speakers and fellow attendees, and more than enough time to grab a drink.
Professional help
Well-respected professional companies who specialize in accessibility.
Accessible360
We help organizations large and small navigate their path to digital accessibility through live-user audits, training, support and monitoring.
Deque Systems
Deque Systems provides web and mobile accessibility solutions so you can meet compliance goals and help make the web accessible to all users.
Equal Entry
We help organizations be more inclusive and accessible by providing accessibility audits, training, and consulting.
Intopia
We help organisations be more inclusive and accessible by providing digital accessibility audits, training, strategy, usability testing, and consulting.
Knowbility
Knowbility is a nonprofit organization with the goal of improving technology access for millions of youth and adults with disabilities all over the world.
Level Access
Level Access is a company that provides digital accessibility solutions and services to corporations, government agencies, and educational institutions.
Simply Open
We work with brands who are listening. They want to make products and services you will love. They understand the value of insight from those who sense, think, move and feel differently.
Tenon
We believe in a web accessible to everyone. Tenon.io exists because universal design is hard. We create software to help you reach beyond compliance and build superior experiences for everyone.
TetraLogical
We're a company with inclusion at its heart. Our focus is on emerging as well as existing technologies, offering knowledge, experience, strategic, and development services.
TPGi
TPGi – Your Accessibility Partner (WCAG 2.0/508 audits, VPAT, usability and accessible user experience).
WebAIM: Web Accessibility In Mind
Our mission is to empower organizations to make their web content accessible to people with disabilities.
WeCo
We’re accessibility experts who live with the disabilities you’re trying to accommodate. Let us help you bring real-life accessibility, and legal compliance, to your projects.
Professional testers
It's important to test your website or web app with disabled people to learn how it actually works.
Accessible360
We help organizations large and small navigate their path to digital accessibility through live-user audits, training, support and monitoring.
AccessWorks (by Knowbility)
Access Works offers usability and accessibility testing that connects businesses with users with disabilities.
Fable Tech Labs
Web accessibility testing services to reach your compliance goals faster. Connect with real users online and on-demand, through crowdtesting!
Loop11
Loop11 is a website user testing tool that enables you to identify navigational and usability issues of any website.
Perkins School For The Blind
Perkins is so much more than a school. Our services help make the world a better place for people who are blind or visually impaired – from independent evaluations to assess a student's needs and strengths, to our Outreach Short Courses, which offer adventures and opportunities to practice skills to support independence and self-advocacy.
Everything else
Additional resources
Miscellaneous accessibility-related resources.
A11yjobs.com
A digital accessibility job board.
a11y_styled_form_controls
A repository of styled and “styled” form control elements and markup patterns, and how they are announced by screen readers.
Aaron Cannon’s Web Accessibility Checklist
PDF accessibility checklist.
The Accessibility Cheatsheet
The WCAG contain some very useful information, and so I decided to condense the very extensive guidelines and highlight some practical examples of what we can do to implement them and make our websites more accessible.
Accessibility Interview Questions
These questions try to act as conversation starters, to gain insight into how someone solves problems, and interprets accessible, inclusive user experiences.
Accessibility for teams
This is a starter guide for teams about delivering accessible websites. Each person on your team has their own responsibilities, this guide tells you what everybody needs to do.
Adobe Inclusive Design Workshop
Content for a full-day workshop on inclusive design, including workbook modules, and exercises.
Dataviz Accessibility Resources
A non-exhaustive and in-progress list of people and resources in Accessibility and Data Visualization.
Disability is a spectrum, not a binary
When we look at disability as a spectrum instead of a binary, we can see that a lot more people struggle to use our stuff than we might think. The good news is that making things accessible helps even more people than we might realise.
Disabled And Here Collection
This stock collection is a disability-led effort to provide free and inclusive images from our own perspective, with photos and illustrations celebrating disabled Black, Indigenous, people of color (BIPOC).
Empathy Prompts
Prompts to consider when making things for others to use.
Google Accessibility
Everyone should be able to access and enjoy the web. We’re committed to making that a reality.
List of online accessibility tools
The Directory of the Web.
Tips For Online Shopping With Disabilities: A Website Accessibility Guide
In-person shopping can be difficult and stressful for disabled people for many reasons, from tall checkout counters to non-navigable spaces, but meanwhile, disabled Americans are more likely to never use the Internet compared to the total population.
Home: Up Your A11y
Tutorials and resources for developers seeking to build accessible web experiences.
Van11y: Accessibility and Vanilla JavaScript - ES2015
A collection of accessible scripts for rich interfaces elements, built using progressive enhancement and customisable.
Web Accessibility for Designers (Infographic)
Optimal accessibility should start much earlier, as part of the visual design process. We have created an infographic that highlights a few important principles of accessible design.
Web Fundamentals: Accessibility
A concise treatment of accessibility principles and practices.
WebAIM: 'Skip Navigation' Links
The main content is not usually the first thing on a web page. Keyboard and screen reader users generally must navigate a long list of navigation links, sub-lists of links, corporate icons, site searches, and other elements before ever arriving at the main content. This is particularly difficult for users with some forms of motor disabilities.
WebAIM’s Hierarchy for Motivating Accessibility Change
“When you incent, people optimize for reward. When you inspire, people optimize for purpose.”
Accessibility Articles, Reports, Training Courses, and Online Seminars by Nielsen Norman Group
All articles tagged with 'accessibility.'
The a11y Monthly: Does Accessibility slow down the development process?
One of the complaints I’ve often heard from business owners and managers is that implementing accessibility is hard and slows down the development process. For this reason, sometimes accessibility gets postponed or set aside in the erroneous belief that’s something that can be “added” later. Here, I’d like to share my thoughts on why I think the first statement is misleading.
Writing CSS with Accessibility in Mind
Tips on how to improve the accessibility of your web sites and apps with CSS.
A guide to coding accessible developer tools
When we talk about accessibility in the tech industry, most conversations are centered around the end user. But how accessible are the tools we code for other developers?
Information On Different Types Of People For Graphic Communication, Website And Information Designers
Every day we use graphic communication design from reading letters which have come through the post, or the newspaper in the morning, to reading and using information at work, to travelling and navigating in the environment. How can we include as many people as possible when designing graphic communication and information, and how do we not unnecessarily exclude people?
Accessibility for Teams
A ‘quick-start’ guide for embedding accessibility and inclusive design practices into your team’s workflow.
Access & Use
Access & Use shows what it needs to make dynamic elements in websites accessible and usable for all.
Are you accessible? - A Primer on Web Accessibility
Accessibility of the world wide web hasn’t always been a number one priority for web developers (much to detriment of internet users). Whilst very few people set out to design a website that is inaccessible, many studies have documented partially or completely inaccessible websites.
Solid Start
Are you a person that makes digital things for other people? Awesome—because this page is all about making things for people.
Word and PowerPoint Accessibility Evaluation Checklist
Provides advice for how to review and repair accessibility issues for Microsoft Office.
The Web Accessibility Introduction I Wish I Had
This post aims to tell you a few key things about accessibility. I can't cover everything, but I can cover: why accessibility matters, how to make a website accessible, and how to test for accessibility.
Submit a resource
We're always looking for people to help add great accessibility-related resources.